Present Tense: Simple and Continuous
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The document provides information about simple present, present continuous, and descriptive tenses in English. It explains that the simple present tense is used to describe habitual actions, facts, or general statements. It also discusses the structure and examples of positive, negative, and interrogative sentences in simple present tense. The present continuous tense is used to describe actions happening now or planned future actions. It outlines the structure and examples of sentences in present continuous tense. Finally, it gives guidelines for writing descriptive texts, including an identification section to introduce the topic and a description section to depict the topic's physical qualities and characteristics. It provides an example of each section.
Present Tense: Simple and Continuous
- 2. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE • The present tense predominantly describes a current event or state of being. However, somewhat unusually, the present tense can also be used to describe past and future events • Pola kalimat (+) Subject + verb1 (s/es) + object (-) Subject + do/does + not + verb1 +object (?) Do/does + subject + verb1 + object • Example : (+) I play tennis on Sundays. (-) I do not play tennis on Sundays. (?) Do I play tennis on Sundays?
- 3. • Habitual Action (kebiasaan) adverb of frequency : always, often, usually, every day, every week, month, all the time • He always consumes low GI rice (dia selalu mengonsumsi beras rendah GI) • She sends money to her parents every month (dia mengirimkan uang kepada orang tuanya setiap bulan) • Factual (kebenaran umum/fakta yang tak terbantahkan) • The sun rises from the east (matahari terbit dari ufuk timur) • Water boils at 100 degrees Celcius (air mendidih pada suhu 1000 Celcius) • Simple statement general atau tidak general • She is so beautiful (dia sangat cantik) • He’s angry (dia marah) tidak general/terjadi sekarang
- 4. • Stative Verb menyatakan perasaan, indera, pikiran, atau kepemilikan • She loves dancing (dia suka menari) • I see tears in your eyes (saya melihat air mata di matamu) • We agree with the speaker’s opinion (kami setuju dengan pendapat pembicara tersebut) • My brother owns a new house (saudaraku memiliki rumah baru) • Instruction • You add a glass of coconut milk into a pan, and then boil it (kamu tambah segelas santan ke dalam panci, lalu rebus) • You go straight ahead then turn left (kamu jalan lurus ke depan lalu belok kiri)
- 5. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE • Use the Present Continuous to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. • Pola kalimat (+) Subject + (is/am/are) + verb-ing + object (-) Subject + (is/am/are) + not + verb-ing + object (?) (is/am/are) + subject + verb-ing + object • Example (+) I am listening to the radio now (-) I am not listening to the radio now (?) Am i listening to the radio?
- 6. • Penggunaan Present Continuous Tense • Kejadian yang sedang berlangsung sekarang atau kegiatan sementara. Mr. Teguh is writing a new book. (Mr. Teguh sedang menulis buku baru) • Rencana di masa depan yang sudah pasti waktunya (pribadi). I am going to Surabaya at 07.30 tomorrow. (Saya akan pergi ke Surabaya jam 7.30 besok) • Perubahan atau perkembangan yang sedang berlangsung dalam rentang waktu yang lama. The earth is getting older (Bumi ini semakin tua)
- 7. DESCRIPTIVE TEXT • Description is about sensory experience—how something looks, sounds, tastes. Mostly it is about visual experience, but description also deals with other kinds of perception. • Di setiap Descriptive Text terdapat dua bagian, yaitu: • Identification Identification adalah bagian dari Descriptive Text yang berisi tentang topik atau "apa" yang akan digambarkan atau dideskripsikan. • Description Description adalah bagian terakhir dari Descriptive Text yang berisi tentang pembahasan atau penggambaran tentang topik atau "apa" yang ada di Identification mengenai kenampakan fisik, kualitas, perilaku umum maupun sifat-sifatnya.
- 8. • Example Identification Every people certainly have a mother. Because people was born from her. The existence of her among us is definitely important. That is why I love her so much. I owe great debt to what she has been doing to me until right now. I love you, mom. (Setiap manusia pastinya memiliki seorang ibu. Karena manusia lahir darinya. Kehadirannya diantara kita sungguh sangat penting. Itu lah mengapa saya sangat mencitainya. Saya berhutang banyak pada apa yang dia lakukan sampai sekarang ini. Saya cinta ibu.)
- 9. • Example Description My mother's name is Khodijah. She was born 49 years ago. She is short, but not too short. She is little fat. And she is old. She has got short white straight hair. She has got brown skin. She is beautiful. Her hand is so soft, the hand that have taught me to be kind person. (Ibu saya bernama Khodijah. Beliau lahir 49 tahun yang lalu. Beliau pendek, tetapi tidak begitu pendek. Beliau sedikit gemuk. Dan beliau sudah tua. Beliau memiliki rambut putih pendek yang lurus. Beliau memiliki kulit coklat. Beliau cantik. Tanganya begitu lembut, tangat yang telah mengajarkan saya untuk menjadi orang yang baik.)
- 10. EXERCISE SIMPLE TENSE 1. Budi always … on time a. Come b. Comes c. Came 2. I … Indonesian a. Am b. Are c. Is 3. My friend and I … English at EnglishShop everyday a. Learn b. Learns c. Learning 4. He usually … some books everyday a. Reads b. Read c. Reading 5. Santi’s Cat ….. a beautiful bird a. Bite b. Bit c. Bites 6. Mathematics will be the most difficult subject a. Mathematics are the most difficult subject b. Mathematics is the most difficult subject c. Mathematics will to be the most difficult subject
- 11. EXERCISE CONTINUOUS TENSE 1. They … Grammar in English Shop right now a. Are studying. b. Are study c. Is studying 2. … are buying many books at the moment a. The Teacher b. The Student c. The old Women. 3. … you … my dictionaries right now? a. Are – bring b. Is – bringing c. Are – bringing. 4. Budi and I … working in Big Company a. Am b. Are. c. Is 5. The Police … under the tree a. Is lying b. Are laying c. Are lying. 6. All of My friend have been living in Jakarta a. All of My friend is living in Jakarta b. All of My friend are living in Jakarta c. All of My friends are living in Jakarta.
- 12. EXERCISE DESCRIPTIVE TEXT Petruk Cave Petruk cave is one of the leading tourist attractions in Kebumen, Central Java. The cave is located in the dukuh Mandayana Candirenggo Village, Ayah District, Kebumen regency. In the petruk cave there is no lighting that illuminates the cave. It is still very natural cave so that petruk cave is very dark to be entered. Petruk cave’s name is taken from the punokawan of puppet characters that is Petruk. The cave Named Petruk cave because the length of cave is as long as petruk’s nose. 1. What is the text purpose? a. To inform readers about tourism in Kebumen b. To entertain reader about Petruk Cave c. To explain the reader about floors in Petruk Cave d. To Introduce The Local tourism in Kebumen e. To describe Petruk Cave. 2. Why did Petruk cave named as one of character in Punokawan puppet? a. Because the cave is belong to Petruk b. Because Petruk is the first explorer of the cave c. Because Petruk is buried at the cave d. Because the cave’s length is as long as Petruk’s nose. e. Because the cave’s depth is as deep as Petruk’s hair