This document discusses considerations for designing material for teaching speaking and writing. It outlines aspects of speaking like pronunciation, fluency, and performance, and aspects of writing like process, authenticity, complexity, and formality. It describes types of speaking like imitative, intensive, responsive, transactional, and interpersonal speaking. Types of writing include imitative, intensive, self-writing, and real academic, vocational, and personal writing. The document provides an example activity and considerations for activities focused on speaking or writing.