Presentationofdatamod6b
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This document discusses different methods for presenting data graphically. It defines bar charts, histograms, frequency polygons, pie charts, and ogives. Examples of each type of graph are provided using sample data on examination scores of 60 students. Bar charts and histograms use class marks and frequencies to show the distribution. Frequency polygons connect the points on a line graph. Pie charts show the proportion of each class. Ogives use class boundaries and cumulative frequencies to indicate less than and greater than distributions. Students are assigned an activity to practice constructing these various graphs using their own collected data.
Presentationofdatamod6b
- 1. Presentation of Data (Graphical Method) Module 6b Basic Statistics SRSTHS Ms. Pegollo
- 2. Presentation of Data Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: 1. Identify specific data appropriate to use for graphs 2. Create graphs 3. Read and interpret graphs MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 3. Presentation of Data Textual Tabular Graphical Method Method Method • Rearrangem • Frequency • Bar Chart ent from distribution • Histogram lowest to table (FDT) • Frequency highest • Relative Polygon • Stem-and- FDT • Pie Chart leaf plot • Cumulative • Less than, FDT greater than • Contingency Ogive Table MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 4. Graphical Method Graphs add beauty and color to one’s presentation, moreover, it helps facilitate comparison and interpretation without going through the numerical data. MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 5. In the succeeding graphs, we shall be using the data in the following table Table 6.1 Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination of 60 Students Greater Less than Class Class Class Relative than Frequency Cumulative Interval Mark Boundary Frequency Cumulative (f) Frequency (C I) (x) (cb) (rf) Frequency (< cf) (> cf) 18 - 23 20.5 18 - 24 6 10.00 6 60 24 - 29 26.5 24 - 30 11 18.33 17 54 30 - 35 32.5 30 - 36 17 28.33 34 43 36 - 41 38.5 36 - 42 14 23.33 48 26 42 - 47 44.5 42 - 48 8 13.33 56 12 48 - 53 50.5 48 - 54 3 5.00 59 4 54 - 59 56.5 54 - 60 1 1.67 60 1 N= 60 100.00 MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 6. Bar Chart Figure 1 The Bar Chart of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 Students 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 18-23 24-29 30-35 36-41 42-47 48-53 54-59 A bar chart is a graph presented by either vertical or horizontal rectangles whose bases represent the class intervals and whose heights represent the frequencies MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 7. Bar Chart The Bar Chart of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 Students 54-59 1 48-53 3 42-47 8 36-41 14 30-35 17 24-29 11 18-23 6 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 8. Histogram 18 16 14 12 Frequency 10 8 6 4 2 0 20.5 26.5 32.5 38.5 44.5 50.5 56.5 Class Mark Figure 2 The Histogram of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 Students A histogram is a graph represented by vertical and horizontal rectangles whose bases are the class marks and whose heights are the frequencies. Note: There are no gaps between bars. MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 9. Frequency Polygon 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 14.5 20.5 26.5 32.5 38.5 44.5 50.5 56.5 62.5 Figure 4 The Frequency Polygon of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Examination Scores of 60 Students A frequency polygon is a line graph whose bases are the class marks and whose heights are the frequencies MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 10. Pie Chart 54-59 2% 48-53 18-23 5% 10% 42-47 14% 24-29 18% 36-41 23% 30-35 28% Figure 5 The Pie Chart of the Grouped Frequency Distribution for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 students A pie chart is a circle graph showing the proportion of each class through either the relative or percentage frequency MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 11. Ogive 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 17.5 23.5 29.5 35.5 41.5 47.5 53.5 Figure 6 The Less than and Greater than ogives for the Entrance Examination Scores of 60 students An ogive is a line graph where the bases are the class boundaries and the heights are the <cf for the less than ogive and >cf for the greater than ogive. MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 12. Quiz Which parts of the FDT are used in constructing the following: 1. Bar Chart 2. Histogram 3. Frequency Polygon 4. Pie Chart 5. Ogive MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 13. Activity 1 (Think-Pair-Share ) Insurance companies conduct continuous research on ages at death and causes of death. The following table shows the ages at death and the corresponding frequencies. Construct the following graphs: Age at Freq. Death 1. Bar chart 16 - 25 22 2. Histogram 26 - 35 10 36 – 6 3. Frequency Polygon 45 4. Pie Chart 46 – 2 55 5. Ogives 56 – 4 65 MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS
- 14. Due on Feb. 3 Activity 2 (Pair Project) Use short bond papers Mention sampling technique and data gathering method used. Gather data(interval or ratio level only) from 50 members in your batch. Using Microsoft Excel, construct a/an 1. Complete FDT 2. Bar chart 3. Histogram 4. Frequency Polygon 5. Pie Chart 6. Ogive MCPegollo/Basic Statistics/SRSTHS