principle of six sigma
14 likes4,356 views
The document discusses Six Sigma principles and methodology. It defines key Six Sigma metrics like defects per unit and defects per million opportunities. It also outlines the DMAIC methodology for process improvement, including defining problems, measuring key metrics, analyzing for root causes, improving processes, and controlling improvements. The document recommends selecting Six Sigma projects based on factors like financial impact and strategic fit. It also discusses team roles in Six Sigma projects and applying Six Sigma principles to services and small organizations.
principle of six sigma
- 2. Six-Sigma Metrics Defect – any mistake or error that is passed on to a customer Defects per unit (DPU) = number of defects discovered ÷ number of units produced Defects per million opportunities (dpmo) = DPU × 1,000,000 ÷ opportunities for error
- 3. Six-Sigma Quality Ensuring that process variation is half the design tolerance (Cp = 2.0) while allowing the mean to shift as much as 1.5 standard deviations, resulting in at most 3.4 dpmo.
- 5. PROJECT SELECTION FOR SIX SIGMA 1. Conformance problems 2. Unstructured performance problems 3. Efficiency problems 4. Product design problems 5. Process design problems
- 6. Key Factors in Six Sigma Project Selection Financial return, as measured by costs associated with quality and process performance, and impacts on revenues and market share Impacts on customers and organizational effectiveness Probability of success Impact on employees Fit to strategy and competitive advantage
- 7. Problem Solving Problem: any deviation between what “should be” and what “is” that is important enough to need correcting Structured Semi structured Ill-structured Problem Solving: the activity associated with changing the state of what “is” to what “should be” 7
- 8. Problem Solving Process 1. Redefining and analyzing the problem 2. Generating ideas 3. Evaluating and selecting ideas 4. Implementing ideas
- 9. DMAIC Methodology 1. Define 2. Measure 3. Analyze 4. Improve 5. Control
- 10. Common Six Sigma Tools
- 11. Define Describe the problem in operational terms Drill down to a specific problem statement (project scoping) Identify customers and CTQs, performance metrics, and cost/revenue implications
- 12. Measure Key data collection questions What questions are we trying to answer? What type of data will we need to answer the question? Where can we find the data? Who can provide the data? How can we collect the data with minimum effort and with minimum chance of error?
- 13. Analyze Focus on why defects, errors, or excessive variation occur Seek the root cause 5-Why technique Experimentation and verification
- 14. Improve Idea generation Brainstorming Evaluation and selection Implementation planning
- 15. Control Maintain improvements Standard operating procedures Training Checklist or reviews Statistical process control charts
- 16. Tools for Six-Sigma and Quality Improvement Elementary statistics Advanced statistics Product design and reliability Measurement Process control Process improvement Implementation and teamwork
- 17. Design for Six Sigma Focus on optimizing product and process performance Features A high-level architectural view of the design Use of CTQs with well-defined technical requirements Application of statistical modeling and simulation approaches Predicting defects, avoiding defects, and performance prediction using analysis methods Examining the full range of product performance using variation analysis of subsystems and components
- 18. TEAM PROCESSES AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT Team are vital to Six Sigma project because of the interdisciplinary nature of such project. Six Sigma teams rely on several different types of professionals (roles). - Champions - Master Black Belts - Black Belts - Green Belts
- 19. SIX SIGMA IN SERVICES AND SMALL ORGANIZATION Key Six Sigma Metrics in Services Accuracy Cycle time Cost Customer satisfaction
- 20. Six Sigma and Lean Production Lean production Measurement and continuous improvement. Cross-trained workers Flexible and increasingly automated equipment Efficient machine layout Rapid set-up and changeover Just-in-time delivery and scheduling Realistic work standards Worker empowerment to perform inspection and take corrective action Supplier partnerships Preventive maintenance
- 21. Some of the key tools used in Lean production include: The 5S’s: seiri (sort), seiton (set in order), seiso (shine), seiketsu (standardize), and shitsuke (sustain). Visual controls Efficient layout and standardized work Pull production Single minute exchange of dies (SMED) Total productive maintenance Source inspection Continuous improvement
- 22. LEAN SIX SIGMA AND SERVICES Lean production can easily be applied to nonmanufacturing environments. - lean enterprise.