The document discusses the key principles of design used by artists, including balance, contrast, unity, proportion, and rhythm. Balance refers to the symmetrical or asymmetrical distribution of elements in a composition. There are two types of balance - formal, which is symmetrical, and informal, which achieves balance through other means like color or lines. Contrast involves combining different elements, while unity creates a harmonious whole. Proportion concerns the relationship between elements, and rhythm is created by patterns or repetition. These principles help guide artists to create organized, pleasing designs.