Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)
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This document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses the history of PLCs, how they were developed to replace relay-based control systems. The key components of a PLC including the processor, memory, and input/output modules are described. Examples of PLC programming languages and applications in industrial automation like machine control, food/beverage processing, and material handling are provided. Advantages of PLCs include fast operation, modularity, ease of maintenance, and improved productivity. Disadvantages include initial high costs and difficulty changing or replacing systems. PLCs have become widely used in industrial automation applications ranging from simple to complex control systems.
Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)
- 2. Content ▪ History ▪ Definition of PLC? ▪ Why we use PLC ? ▪ Architecture of a PLC ▪ Components ▪ Relay ▪ Circuit diagram of relay ▪ Sample of relay ▪ Programing Language Of PLC ▪ Block Diagram ▪ Our Project ▪ Circuit ▪ Project video ▪ Advantage ▪ Disadvantage ▪ Area of Applications ▪ Conclusion ▪ Summery ▪ References
- 3. HISTORY ▪ PLC was introduced in late 1960’s. ▪ First commercial and successful programmable logic controllers was designed and developed by modicon as a relay replacer for General Motors. ▪ Earlier , it was a machine with thousand of electronic parts. ▪ Later in late 1970’s the microprocessor became and greatly enhanced the role of PLC permitting it to evolve from simply relay to the sophisticated system as it is today.
- 4. Definition Of PLC? ▪ Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is an industrial computer that monitors inputs, makes decisions based on its program and controls outputs to automate a process or machine. The automation of many different processes , such as controlling machines or factory assembly lines, is done through the use of small computers called a programmable logic controllers(PLCs).
- 5. Why We Use PLC? ▪ To reduce human efforts . ▪ To get maximum efficiency from machine and control them with human logic . ▪ To reduce complex circuitry of entire system . ▪ To eliminate the high costs associated with inflexible, relay-controlled systems.
- 6. Architecture of a PLC INPUT Power Supply Processor OUTPUT MEMORY INTERFACE
- 7. COMPONENTS
- 8. COMPONENTS ▪ INPUT MODULES accepts and converts signals from sensors into a logic signal Ex. : Switches, Pushbuttons. ▪ OUTPUT MODULES that convert control instructions a signal that can be used by actuators. Ex. : lamps, alarm. INPUT (PUSH BUTTON) PLC OUTPUT (INDICATOR LIGHT)
- 9. Three Phase Motor Terminal Box Driver Shaft Cooling Fan Stator Rotor StatorWinding
- 10. Connection Of Motor with PLC ▪ This is the basic connection of Induction motor with PLC . ▪ Here we use a circuit breaker & a three phase relay. ▪ We also use two push button for start and stop. ▪ In plc we start an induction motor at Delta connection so that motor can get enough current to start and then running motor in Star connection.
- 11. Use Of Motor in Our Project We use a three phase induction motor with 500 RPM for our project .
- 13. Circuit Diagram Of Relay
- 14. Sample Of Relay
- 15. Programing Language Of PLC PLC Language Ladder Logic Functional Block Diagram Sequential Function Chart Boolean mnemonics
- 16. Block Diagram Of Our Project Liquid-1 Liquid-2 Mixture Tank Dump Tank
- 17. Our Project Automatic liquid mixing machine for industrial use.
- 22. Area Of Application Machine controls
- 23. Area Of Application Machine controls Food/Beverage processing
- 24. Area Of Application Machine controls Food/Beverage processing Car park &Train station control system.
- 25. Area Of Application Machine controls Food/Beverage processing Car park &Train station control system. Manufacturing, Packaging, Palletizing
- 26. Area Of Application Machine controls Food/Beverage processing Car park &Train station control system. Manufacturing, Packaging, Palletizing Material handling
- 27. Area Of Application Machine controls Food/Beverage processing Car park &Train station control system. Manufacturing Packaging, Palletizing Material handling Textile,Travel,printing Industry similar Sequential task as well as Process control etc.
- 28. ADVANTAGES very Fast , High speed of operation. Small physical size, shorter project time Reduced space. inputs and outputs already inside the controller. Low power consumption designed to withstand vibrations,temperature,humidity,noise etc. Easy maintenance due to modular assembly and flexibility Improves Productivity Improves Quality
- 29. DISADVANTAGES InitialCosts Are High PLC hold only one copy of programmes PLC DevicesAre Proprietary Unemployment Rate Increases There's difficulty with changes or replacements. When a problem occurs, hold-up time is indefinite, usually long, It's always difficult to find errors.
- 30. Conclusion The PLC have in recent years experienced an unprecedented growth as universal element in industrial automation . It can be effectively used in applications ranging from simple control like replacing a small number of relays to complex automation problems. Today the PLCs are used for control & automation job in a single machine & it increases up to full automation of manufacturing / testing process in a factory.
- 31. Summary In this presentation we have discussed about: What is PLC. Why we use PLC. Description of PLC. A project over PLC. Area of application. Advantages & disadvantages
- 32. References Wikipedia Industrial Control Handbook, Industrial Press Inc. W. Bolton, Programmable Logic Controllers, Fifth Edition. Maher, Michael J. Real-Time Control and Communications.
- 34. Any Question
- 35. The End
Editor's Notes
- #13: Invent by American scientist Joseph Henry in 1835