Project II Report on Patient Monitoring System

Patient Monitoring System
A Project-II Report
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree of
Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Instrumentation
submitted to
Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal (M.P.)
Project-II Report
submitted by
Ashlesha Anand Kale (0103EI161007) Akash Singh (0103EI161004)
Princy V Joy (0103EI161017) Amartya Mandal(0103EI161005)
Under the supervision of
Dr. Soheb Munir Prof. L N Gahalod
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal
Session 2019-2020

Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal(M.P.)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work embodied in this Project-II Report entitled
“Patient Monitoring System” has been satisfactorily completed by
Ashlesha Anand Kale, Akash Singh, Amartya Mandal and Princy V Joy. It is a
bona-fide piece of work, carried out under our supervision and guidance in the
Electronics and Communication, Lakshmi Narain College of Technology,
Bhopal, for partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Engineering during the academic
year 2019-2020
Under supervision of
_____________________ ____________________
Dr. Soheb Munir Prof. L N Gahalod
(Project Guide) (Project In-charge)
Approved By
__________________
Dr. Soni Changlani
(Professor & Head)
Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal

Declaration
We, Ashlesha Anand Kale, Akash Singh, Amartya Mandal and Princy V Joy,
students of Bachelor of Engineering, Electronics and Instrumentation, Engineering,
Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal, here-by declare that the work
presented in this Project-II is outcome of our own work, is bonafide, correct to the
best of our knowledge and this work has been carried out taking care of Engineering
Ethics. The work presented does not infringe any patented work and has not been
submitted to any University for the award of any degree or any professional diploma.
Ashlesha Anand Kale (0103EI161007) _________________
Akash Singh (0103EI161004) _________________
Amartya Mandal (0103EI161005) _________________
Princy V Joy (0103EI161017) _________________

Acknowledgement
Words shall never be able to pierce through the Gamut's of emotions that are
Suddenly exposed during the routine of our college life. We would like to thank,
Dr. Soheb Munir, Project Guide for guiding and correcting us at each instant and
for his continuous motivation. At the same time, we would also like to thank
Prof. L N Gahalod, Project In-charge of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, for his well-wishes and also to provide his kind support and valuable
knowledge on the subject from time to time.
We express our heart-felt thankfulness to Dr. Soni Changlani, H.O.D. of
Electronics and Communication Engineering, LNCT, Bhopal for her unfailure
inspiration, whole hearted co-operation and constant encouragement throughout the
progress of the dissertation and incisive comments gave immense confidence to
complete the work. Also, we are grateful to Dr. Ashok Kumar Rai, OSD, LNCT
for providing us a positive learning environment and Dr Kailash Srivastava
Principal, LNCT for giving us a chance to fulfill our potential
Ashlesha Anand Kale (0103EI161007)
Akash Singh (0103EI161004)
Amartya Mandal (0103EI161005)
Princy V Joy (0103EI161017)

CONTENTS
List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................... VII
List of Figures............................................................................................................................................VIII
List of Tables...................................................................................................................................................IX
Photographs of the Projects...................................................................................................................... X
About Us ..........................................................................................................................................................XII
Abstract........................................................................................................................................................... XIII
Project Specification................................................................................................................................ XIV
Chapter-1: Introduction
1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................1
1.2 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................................3
1.3 Block Diagram description.........................................................................................3
Chapter-2: Circuit Details
2.1 Circuit Components....................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Temperature Sensor........................................................................................... 6
2.1.2 Arduino.....................................................................................................................7
2.1.3 Heart rate sensor .....................................................................8
2.2 Circuit layout and Description..................................................................................9
2.3 Bill of Materials...............................................................................................................11
Chapter-3: Working........................................................................................................................................ 12
V

Chapter-4: Source Code.............................................................................................................................14
Chapter-5: Flowchart................................................................................................................................... 18
Chapter-6: Testing and Simulation
6.1 Hardware………………………………………………………….21
6.1.1 Hardware Implementation on bread board......................................... 22
6.2 Software...............................................................................................................................22
Chapter-7: Result and Conclusion
7.1 Result.....................................................................................................................................25
7.2 Conclusion..........................................................................................................................25
Chapter-8: Expectations and Achievements..................................................................................... 27
Chapter-9: Shortcoming and Limitation..............................................................................................28
Chapter-10: Future Scope .......................................................................................................................... 30
Chapter-11: Literature Survey................................................................................................................... 32
References........................................................................................................................................................... 34
Annexure I: Impact on Society................................................................................................................. 35
Annexure II: Environment and Sustainability................................................................................. 37
Annexure III: Presentation Slides......................................................................................................... .39
VI

List of Abbreviations
DC - Direct Current
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LED - Light Emitting Diode
GND - Ground
E - Emitter
C - Collector
B - Base
RS - Register Select
RW - Read / Write
E - Enable
A.I - Artificial Intelligence
VII

List of Figures
Figure (i) : Patient monitoring system (Top view ).........................................................................X
Figure (ii) : Patient monitoring system (Front view)....................................................................XI
Figure 1.1. : Block diagram............................................................................................................................3
Figure 2.1. : Temperature Sensor ..............................................................................................................6
Figure 2.2 : Arduino.........................................................................................................................................7
Figure 2.3 : DHT11.......................................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 2.4 : Heart rate sensor .......................................................................................................................8
Figure 2.5 : Accelerometer............................................................................................................................7
Figure 2.6. : Circuit Diagram ........................................................................................................................8
Figure 5.1 : Flow Chart.................................................................................................................................19
Figure 6.1 : Implementation of all components on Bread board............................................ 22
Figure 6.2 : Arduino Uno for source-code.........................................................................................22
Figure 6.3 : Graph of LM35 sensor plotted on serial plotter...................................................23
Figure 6.4 : Graph of Pulse rate sensor plotted on serial plotter...........................................23
VIII

List of Tables
Table 1 Project Specification.................................................................................................................XIV
Table 3.1 Bill of Materials..........................................................................................................................11
IX

Photograph of the Project
Figure (i): Patient monitoring system (Top view)
X

Photograph of the Project
Figure (ii) : Patient monitoring system (Front view)
XI

About Us
My name is Ashlesha Anand Kale. At present I am pursuing my
Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics and Instrumentation in
Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal. My current
CGPA is 8.38. I have done my schooling from Jawahar Lal Nehru
School. I am an active learner and I am a hard worker.
My name is Akash Singh. I am student of Bachelor of Engineering
in Electronics and Instrumentation in Lakshmi Narain College of
Technology, Bhopal. My current CGPA is 8.34. I have done my
schooling from K V COD Chheoki, Allahabad. I am an active
learner and I believe in practical.
My name is Princy V Joy. At present I am pursuing my Bachelor of
Engineering in Electronics and Instrumentation in Lakshmi Narain
College of Technology, Bhopal. My current CGPA is 8.03. I have
done my schooling from Alpha School, Guna. I am an active
learner and I am a hard worker.
My name is Amartya Mandal. I am student of Bachelor of
Engineering in Electronics and Instrumentation in Lakshmi Narain
College of Technology, Bhopal. My current CGPA is 7.55. I have
done my schooling from DAV Public School, Ranchi. I am an
active learner and I believe in practical.
XII

Abstract
Now-a-days, a growing number of people in developing countries like India is forced
to look for new solutions of the continuous monitoring of health monitoring. It has
become a necessity to visit hospitals frequently for doctor’s consultation, which has
become financially related and a time-consuming process. To overcome this situation,
we propose a design to monitor the patient’s health conditions such as heart beat,
temperature, ambient temperature and patient mobility. The record of the same will
be accessible to the consulting doctor or nurse at all times of the day. In the recent
development of internet of things makes all objects interconnected and been
recognized as the next technical revolution. Patient monitoring is one of the IoT
application to monitor the patient health status. Internet of things makes medical
equipments more efficient by allowing real time monitoring of health. Using this
doctor can continuously monitor the patient’s on his smart phone and also the patient
history will be stored on the web server and doctor can access the information
whenever needed from anywhere.
XIII

Project Specification
Table 1: Project Specification
S. No. Parameter
1. Microcontroller
2. Operating Voltage
Input Voltage
3.
(recommended)
4. Input Voltage (limits)
5. Digital I/O Pins
6. Analog Input Pins
7. DC Current per I/O Pin
8. DC Current for 3.3V Pin
9. Analog Reference PIN
Value
ATmega328
5V
7-12 V
6-20V
14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
6
6-40 mA
50mA
AREF
XIV

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering. , Lakshmi Narain College of Technology, Bhopal
1

CHAPTER 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
The modern visionary of healthcare industry is to provide better healthcare to patient
anytime and anywhere in the world in a more economic and patient friendly manner.
Therefore, for increasing the patient care efficacy, there arises a need to improve the
patient monitoring devices. The medical world today faces basic two problems when
it comes to patient monitoring,
First: the need of healthcare providers present bedside the patient
Second: the patient is restricted to bed and wired to large machines
In order to achieve better quality patient care, the above cited problems have to be
solved. This project involves the acquisition of physiological parameters such as heart
rate, body temperature and displaying them in graphical user interface for being
viewed by the doctor.The main objective is to make health monitoring system simple
and accurate.Currently only body temperature, heart rate and body movement is being
monitored in this project, but we can further expand our system by measuring various
parameters like ECG,blood pressure etc.
2

1.2 Block Digram
––
Figure 1.1: Block Diagram of Patient Monitoring System
3

1.3 Block Diagram Description
The block diagram of the Patient Monitoring System is inbuilt with the Arduino Uno
board, a heart rate sensor, temperature sensor LM35, humidity and temperature
sensor DHT11 and an accelerometer MPU6050. Arduino IDE is also used.
Arduino is at the heart of the circuit as it controls all functions. All the necessary
patient parameters are taken as input via different leads attached to the body of the
patient. The LM35 is a precision integrated circuit whose output voltage is linearly
proportional to Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. It is rated to operate over a -55°C to
150°C temperature range. Due to its precision and temperature range it is used to
measure the patient’s body temperature. It senses the temperature and converts it into
an electrical (analogue) signal, which is applied to the MCU through an analogue-to-
digital converter (ADC). The analogue signal is converted into digital format by the
ADC. Sensed values of the temperature can be displayed on a monitor.
The heart rate sensor is clipped either on one of the fingers, mostly the index finger or
on the toe. This way it senses the dilation of the blood vessels and gives the pulse rate
reading. The accelerometer MPU6050 has been used in order to monitor the patient’s
movement in case of terminally ill patients like in the condition of coma or paralysis.
4

CHAPTER 2
CIRCUIT DETAILS
5

CHAPTER 2
Circuit details
2.1 Circuit Components
1. LM35 Temperature Sensor
2. Arduino UNO
3. DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Senso
4. Heart Rate Sensor
5. Accelerometer mpu6050
Description of main components:
2.1.1 Temperature Sensor
We are using LM 35 as temperature sensor. LM 35 is a precision temperature sensor
whose output is linearly proportional to Celsius Temperature. The LM35 is rated to
operate from -55° Centigrade to 150° Centigrade with a linear scale factor of
+10mv/° C
Figure 2.1 :LM35
6

2.1.2 Arduino
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easyto-use hardware and
software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a
button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning
on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by
sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use
the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software
(IDE), based on Processing.
Figure 2.2: Arduino
2.1.3 DHT11 Sensor
It is a temperature and humidity sensor that has been used in the project so as to keep
a check on the ambient temperature and humidity of the patient’s chamber or room.
DHT11 is a single wire digital humidity and temperature sensor, which
provides humidity and temperature values serially.
7

Figure 2.3 :DHT11
2.1.4 Heart rate sensor
The sensor has two sides, on one side the LED is placed along with an ambient light
sensor and on the other side we have some circuitry. This circuitry is responsible for
the amplification and noise cancellation work. The LED on the front side of the
sensor is placed over a vein in our human body. The veins will have blood flow inside
them only when the heart is pumping, so if we monitor the flow of blood, we can
monitor the heart beats as well.
Figure 2.4: Heart rate sensor
2.1.5 Accelerometer
The accelerometer is the activity detecting sensor. It is used to check whether there is
any movement done by the patient.Accelerometers have been used to calculate gait
8

parameters, such as stance and swing phase. This kind of sensor can be used to
measure or monitor people
Figure 2.5- Accelerometer
2.2-Circuit Layout and Description
The main components of the project are Arduino Uno with Atmega 32 MCU, pulse
rate sensor, DHT-11 sensor, MPU 6050 and LM35. First we’ll see the basic
connections with respect to the microcontroller. To use the DHT11 , the data pin of
dht11 is connected to digital pin of 3. This sensor gives us the data of temperature
and humidity details.Vcc and ground are usually connected to arduino and ground
pins respectively. The LM35 which is used to measure patients body the analog pin
connected to the analog pin A0.
9

Figure 2.6 :Circuit layout of Patient Monitoring System Using Arduino
The pulse rate monitor is used to measure the patients pulse rate, the date pin of this
sensor is connected to the analog A1 pin.
Now we’ll connect the accelerometer(3-axis), SCLand SDA pin are connected to pins
A4 and A5 respectively which works as external clock for accelerometer.Also the
interrupt is connected to digital pin of arduino pin 2.
.
10

2.3- Bill of Materials
Table 2.1 : Bill of Materials
Material used No. of Components Price (in ₹)
Arduino 1 400
Bread Board 1 100
Heart Rate Sensor 1 200
LM35 1 80
Mpu6050 Accelerometer 1 170
DHT11 1 110
Jumper Wire 20 100
ESP8266 1 300
9V battery 2 40
Total 1500/-
11

CHAPTER 3
WORKING
12

CHAPTER 3
Working
This project is significant in various ways because in today's world, everyday many
lives are affected because the patients are not timely and properly operated. Also for
real time parameter values are not efficiently measured in clinic as well as in
hospitals.Sometimes it becomes difficult for hospitals to frequently check patient’s
conditions. Also continuous monitoring of ICU patients is very difficult. To deal with
these types of situations, our system is beneficial. Our system is designed to be used in
hospitals and homes also for measuring and monitoring various parameters like
temperature, heart rate, movement of patient and temperature and humidity of
patient’s room. The results can be recorded using Arduino. Also the doctors can see
those results on android app. The system will also generate an alert notification which
will be sent to doctor. Our system is useful for monitoring health system of every
person through easily attach the device and record it. In which we can analysis
patient’s condition through their past data, we will recommend medicines if any
emergency occurred through symbolic A.I
13

CHAPTER 4
SOURCE CODE
14

CHAPTER 4
Source Code
#include <SimpleDHT.h>
float temp;
int PulseSensorPurplePin = 0;
int LED13 = 13;
int Signal,bpm;
int Threshold = 550;
int pinDHT11 = 3;
SimpleDHT11 dht11(pinDHT11);
#include <MPU6050_tockn.h>
#include <Wire.h>
MPU6050 mpu6050(Wire);
float a=0;
void setup()
{
pinMode(LED13,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
Wire.begin();
mpu6050.begin();
mpu6050.calcGyroOffsets(true);
}
void loop()
15

{
Signal = analogRead(PulseSensorPurplePin);
temp=analogRead(A1);
bpm=Signal*0.48828125*0.33333333;
temp=((temp*0.48828125)*1.8)+32; byte
temperature = 0;
byte humidity = 0;
int err = SimpleDHTErrSuccess;
if ((err = dht11.read(&temperature, &humidity, NULL)) != SimpleDHTErrSuccess)
{
Serial.print("Read DHT11 failed, err="); Serial.println(err);delay(1000);
}
temp=analogRead(A1);
temp=((temp*0.48828125)*1.8)+32;
mpu6050.update();
float y=mpu6050.getAngleY();
if((y<-90))
a=1;
else
a=0;
Serial.println("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
Serial.print((int)temperature); Serial.println(" *C(Room temperature), ");
Serial.print((int)humidity); Serial.println(" H(humidity in patients room)");
Serial.print((int)bpm); Serial.println(" patients(hearts beats per minute)");
Serial.print((float)temp); Serial.println(" patients(body temperature
(*F))"); if(a==1)
16

{
Serial.println("fall detected");
}
Serial.println("---------------------------------------------------------------
------------------");
if(Signal > Threshold)
{
digitalWrite(LED13,HIGH);
} else
{
digitalWrite(LED13,LOW);
}
delay(5000);
}
....................................................................................
17

CHAPTER 5
FLOWCHART
18

CHAPTER 5
Flowchart
SURROUNDING PARAMETERS
PATIENT BODY PARAMETERS
HEART RATE LM 35
MPU6050
SENSOR TEMP. ACCELEROMETER
SENSOR
DHT11
TEMP. AND Arduino
HUMIDITY
SERIAL MONITOR
DISPLAY
Figure 5.1 Flow Chart
19

CHAPTER 6
TESTING AND SIMULATION
20

CHAPTER 6
Testing And Simulation
6.1 Hardware
Bread board
Arduino
Heart Rate Sensor
LM35 temp.Sensor
DHT11 temp. and Humidity Sensor
Mpu6050 Accelerometer
Connecting Wires
21

6.1.1 Hardware Implementation on Bread board
Figure 6.1 : Implementation of all components on Bread board
6.2 Software
Figure 6.2 : Arduino uno for source-code
22

Figure 6.3 : Graph of LM35 sensor plotted on Serial plotter
Fig 6.4: Graph of pulse rate sensor plotted on Serial plotter
23

CHAPTER 7
RESULT AND CONCLUSION
24

CHAPTER 7
Result And Conclusion
7.1 Result
Simple evaluation can take place via what we wanted out of Arduino Based Patient
Monitoring System. We showed how a mere set up can be introduced in hospitals and
the chances of patient being unattended can be reduced. Our project has the mixture
of electronics & communication and this blend is useful to achieve automation in a
developmental manner. Evaluation and judgment is only possible when you will seek
the working model having wi-fi module electronic componentslike Relays,
LCDs,smart phone, Transistors, Diodes, and LEDs etc.LCD shows regular messages
time to time based on given inputrespectively.
7.2 Conclusion
Increasing rate of chronic diseases in aging population is becoming a serious concern
due to lack of sufficient facilities and extremely high cost. The situation is even worse
for the people residing in remote areas far from medical facilities as delay in diagnosis
and treatment may lead to death. Timely diagnosis and treatment can solve these
issues to a great extent. The advancements in wireless communications and wearable
sensor technology open up the opportunity of real-time healthcare monitoring
systems.
The scope of this project is the implementation of real-time monitoring system for
remote patients on an serial monitor. The developed system would inform the doctor
in case of emergency; however, delay in alarms might occur due to various devices
and inadequacy of the microcontroller unit to process without much delay. Though
the delayed alarming time is still within the golden period of time it should be
considered in future.
25

CHAPTER 8
EXPECTATION AND ACHIEVEMENTS
26

CHAPTER 8
Expectation And Achievements
1. This will help in save time and provide better healthcare facility.
2. 24x7 monitoring of patient is not possible for human.
3. To assist hospital staff and doctors.
4. Suitable for busy healthcare centres and hospitals
5. Initial cost is high but future prospect is very bright
6. This project can be used in Home , hospitals and healthcare centeres
7. This project is practical and can be successfully implimented .
27

CHAPTER 9
SHORTCOMING AND LIMITATION
28

CHAPTER 9
Shortcomings And Limitation
Is not accessible for everyone. PMSrequires good broadband connectivity, which is
hard to achieve for small healthcare institutions and rural hospitals. On the other
hand, it’s important to take into account that not everyone owns a smartphone, and
elderly people often face difficulties in using modern gadgets, such as mobile phones.
Patients and doctors' skepticism. PMS appears to be the least effective patient
engagement initiative according to NEJM Catalyst Insights Council survey. The
researchers explain these statistics by the fact that the use of wearables is still not
available for everybody. By the way, doctors that were taking part in the survey
haven’t noticed any improvements in chronic disease management. In addition,
healthcare professionals based on their experience expressed doubt that the
technology alone is likely to change behavior of higher-risk patients.
The need of additional. After the data have been collected, IT departments have to
redirect it from PMS devices to electronic medical record systems (EMRs) by the
means of multiple third-party applications. Doubtful reliability. Popular fitness
wearables tracking physical activity appeared to have large variations of accuracy with
error margins up to 25 percent. The reliability of RPM data is called into question as
well. For instance, a review in JAMA Dermatology showed that smartphone apps for
melanoma detection have a 30 percent failure rate. The lack of reliability is the most
serious problem that needs to be fixed before devices and applications could be used
by healthcare providers
29

CHAPTER 10
FUTURE SCOPE
30

CHAPTER 10
Future Scope
Our aim is to improve the efficacy and reduce the delay time in the transmission of
parameters and then the time taken by the information to reach the concerned doctor.
While trying to develop the proposed solution, it was realised that by interfacing a wi-
fi module the information can be directly sent on the cloud from where the doctor
can access the information whenever required.
little or too many of a particular medication, it can lead to serious side effects and
health emergencies. IoT-enabled “smart pill boxes” and packaging make it easy for
health professionals and family to keep track of a patient’s medicine schedule and
Along with these basic parameters, this project can include the provision for
displaying the vitals of the patient. For that, the sensors need to be installed and for
this to function properly, the microcontroller unit needs to be upgraded.Currently, in
the on-going research it has been found that Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems can be
accurate enough to predict the chances of early death due to chronic disease in a large
middle-aged population.
Another challenge for patients with illnesses is keeping track of the prescribed
medicine routine. It can be difficult to remember when take medicine and how much
to take for those with dementia or Alzheimer's disease or those on a complex drug
regime.
31

CHAPTER 11
LITERATURE SURVEY
32

CHAPTER 11
Literature Survey
Remote healthcare is an emerging research field as the world moves towards remote
monitoring, real-time and fast detection of illnesses. Remote healthcare has many
categories, (e.g. telehealth, mobile health) all of which mean monitoring of patients
outside hospital conditions by the means of technology. Remote monitoring of
patients target several sub-groups of patients, such as patients diagnosed with chronic
illnesses, patients with mobility issues, or other disability, post-surgery patients,
neonates and elderly patients. All these types of patients have conditions that are
better to be monitored continuously.
Basic elements of a remote monitoring system are data acquisition system, data
processing system, end-terminal at the hospital and the communication network. Data
acquisition system is composed of different sensors or devices with embedded sensors
with data transmission capability wirelessly. With the advancement of technology,
sensors may not be medical sensors only; it could be cameras or smartphones. This is
because, very recent research look into contactless methods where the devices do not
touch the body of the patient (McDuff et al. 2015). A most common form of these
sensors used in with-contact methods are wireless sensor networks (WSN). These
could be further categorized as wireless body area networks (WBAN), body area
networks (BAN) or personal area networks (PAN). Data processing system includes a
system with data receiving and transmitting capability and a processing unit/circuitry.
33

REFERENCES
1. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
2. www.ti.com/product/LM35
3. www.learningaboutelectronics.com
4. https://components101.com/lm35-temperature-sensor
5. https://howtomechatronics.com/tutorials/arduino/arduino-and-mpu6050-
6.http://www.circuitbasics.com/how-to-set-up-the-dht11-humidity-sensor-on-an-
34

ANNEXURE I
IMPACT ON SOCIETY
35

ANNEXURE I
Impact On Society
The proposal of “Patient Monitoring System” is very useful to our society. By
introducing the concept of wireless technology in the field of health care we can make
it more efficient and faster.
This idea mainly aims at reducing the time delay and to make sure that a critical patient
gets attention at the proper time as the doctor can monitor the major parameters from
anywhere in the world. This model can be installed very efficiently in
hospitalsespeciallyin Intensive Care Units, and for the patients who are highly
dependent on the external life support, it is cost efficient system and very easy to
handle.
36

ANNEXURE II
ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
37

ANNEXURE II
Environment And Sustainability
The project Patient Monitoring System is not only environment friendly but also fulfils
long term requirements. This project is eco-friendly, does not produce much of e-
waste, as, a single system can be re-used for the next patient as soon as it is relieved by
the previous patient.This also provides more efficiency as the patient whose body
parameters cross the normal range can be identified easily and can be taken care of
well in advance as the system alerts the concerned doctors and the staff around.
38

ANNEXURE-III
PRESENTATION SLIDES
39

ANNEXURE-III
Presentation Slides
1 2
3 4
40

5 6
7
41

8 9
10
42

Project II Report on Patient Monitoring System

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