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FORMAT FOR PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT 
ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS: 
The sequence in which the project report material should be arranged and bound as 
follows: 
1. Cover Page 
2. Inner Title Page (Same as cover page) 
3. Certificate 
4. Acknowledgement 
5. Abstract 
6. Table of Contents 
7. List of Tables 
8. List of Figures 
9. Abbreviations and Nomenclature( If any) 
10. Chapters 
11. References 
12. Appendices( If any) 
13. Publication ( If any) 
The tables and figures shall be introduced in the appropriate places. 
TYPING INSTRUCTIONS: 
1. The project must be submitted in Two Copies (one for department and 2nd for library) 
duly signed by the Supervisor. Students should also submit the soft copy on CD in pdf 
format in the library. 
2. The length of the report may be about 40 to 70 pages. 
3. The project report shall be computer typed (English- British, Font -Times Roman, Size- 
12 point) and printed on A4 size paper . 
4. The project report shall be hard bound with cover page in sky blue color. The name of 
the students, degree, month and year of submission, name of the university including 
institute name shall be printed in black letters on the cover page [Refer sample sheet 
(outer cover page)] 
5. The project report shall be typed with 1.5 line spacing with a margin 3.5 cm on the left,
2.5 cm on the top, and 1.25 cm on the right and at bottom. Every page in the project 
report must be numbered. The page numbering, starting from acknowledgements and till 
the beginning of the introductory chapter, should be printed in small Roman numbers, 
i.e, i, ii, iii, iv...... The page number of the first page of each chapter should not be 
printed (but must be accounted for). All page numbers from the second page of each 
chapter should be printed using Arabic numerals, i.e. 2,3,4,5... All printed page numbers 
should be located at the bottom centre of the page. 
6. In the project report, the title page [Refer sample sheet (inner title pager)] should be 
given first then the Certificate by the candidate and the supervisor(s) in sequence, 
followed by an abstract of the report (not exceeding one page) and so on. 
7. The table of contents should list all headings and sub headings. The title page and 
certificate will not find a place among the items listed in the Table of Contents. One and 
a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this head. 
8. The list of tables should use exactly the same captions as they appear above the tables 
in the text. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this 
head. 
9. The list of figures should use exactly the same captions as they appear below the 
figures in the text. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under 
this head. 
10. The list of symbols, abbreviation & nomenclature should be typed with one and a half 
line spacing. Standard symbols, abbreviation etc should be used. 
11. Project report consists of following chapters. 
a. Chapter 1- Introduction 
b. Chapter 2- Literature Survey 
c. Chapter 3- Present Work 
(It will be divided into several chapters and each chapter may be further divided into several 
divisions and sub-divisions depending on type & volume of work.) 
d. Chapter 4- Result & Discussion 
e. Chapter 5- Conclusion & Future Scope (The chapter No. of chapter 4 & 5 may 
vary depending on no. of chapters covered in ‘Present Work’ chapter). 
Each chapter should be given an appropriate title. Tables & figures in a chapter
should be placed in the immediate vicinity of the reference where they are cited. 
Footnotes should be used sparingly. They should be typed single space and placed 
directly underneath in the very same page, which refers to the material they 
annotate. Conclusion must not exceed more than two pages. Future scope also 
must not exceed one page. 
13. Appendices are provided to give supplementary information, which is included in the 
main text may serve as a distraction and cloud the central theme. 
i) Appendices should be numbered using Arabic numerals, e.g. Appendix 1, Appendix 2, 
etc. 
ii) Appendices, Tables and References appearing in appendices should be numbered and 
referred to at appropriate places just as in the case of chapters. 
iii) Appendices shall carry the title of the work reported and the same title shall be made 
in the contents page also. 
14. The listing of references should be typed 4 spaces below the heading “REFERENCES” in 
alphabetical order in single spacing left – justified. The reference material should be listed in the 
alphabetical order of the surname of the first author. The name of the author (s) should be 
immediately followed by the year and other details. 
A typical illustrative list given below relates to the citation example quoted above. 
REFERENCES: 
1. Anderson, J.D. (1995) Computational Fluid Dynamics. McGraw Hill, Singapore 1995. 
2. Barnard, R.W. and Kellogg, C. (1980) ‘Applications of Convolution Operators to 
Problems in Univalent Function Theory’, Michigan Mach, J., Vol.27, pp.81–94. 
3. Shin, K.G. and Mckay, N.D. (1984) ‘Open Loop Minimum Time Control of Mechanical 
Manipulations and its Applications’, Proc.Amer.Contr.Conf., San Diego, CA, pp. 1231-1236. 
4. Smith, R., (2002), ―Conformal Lubricated Contact of Cylindrical Surfaces Involved 
in a Non-Steady Motion,‖ from web site http://www.cas.phys.unm.edu/rsmith/homepage.html 
accessed on 12/08/2007.
Project report format
SAMPLE SHEET (OUTER COVER PAGE) 
DESIGN OF SUB MODULES OF A MICRO PROCESSOR 
USING LOW POWER DESIGN TECHNIQUES 
(24pt., 1.5 line spacing, Centre Aligned, Bold) 
A MINOR /MAJOR PROJECT REPORT 
(14pt, Bold) 
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF 
THE DEGREE OF 
(12pt, Centre Aligned) 
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (14pt, Bold) 
(Electronics & Communication Engineering) (12pt) 
SUBMITTED TO (14pt, Bold) 
PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR (14pt, Bold) 
SUBMITTED BY (14pt, Bold) 
Name of Student(s) (14pt) University Roll No. (14pt) 
Karan Kumar 98149231 
Rajesh Sharma 98149232 
Tarvinder Singh 98149233 
SUPERVISED BY (14pt,Bold) 
NAME OF SUPERVISOR(S) (14pt) 
Designation (12pt) 
November 2012 (12pt) 
(Month & Year of Submission) 
RIMT- INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, MANDI GOBINDGARH
PUNJAB (14pt, Bold) 
SAMPLE SHEET (INNER TITLE PAGE) 
DESIGN OF SUB MODULES OF A MICRO PROCESSOR 
USING LOW POWER DESIGN TECHNIQUES 
A MINOR /MAJOR PROJECT REPORT 
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF 
THE DEGREE OF 
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY 
(Electronics & Communication Engineering) 
SUBMITTED TO 
PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR 
SUBMITTED BY 
Name of Student(s) University Roll No. 
Karan Kumar 98149231 
Rajesh Sharma 98149232 
Tarvinder Singh 98149233 
SUPERVISED BY 
NAME OF SUPERVISOR(S) 
Designation 
November 2012 
RIMT- INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, MANDI GOBINDGARH 
PUNJAB
SAMPLE SHEET 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 
I would like to place on record my deep sense of gratitude to Prof. _____________, HOD-Dept. of 
Electronics & Communication Engineering, RIMT IET, Mandi Gobindgarh, India for his generous 
guidance, help and useful suggestions. 
I express my sincere gratitude to Prof. ______________, Dept. of Electronics & Communication 
Engineering, RIMT IET, Mandi Gobindgarh, India, for his stimulating guidance, continuous 
encouragement and supervision throughout the course of present work. 
I also wish to extend my thanks to Prof. _____________ and other colleagues for attending my seminars 
and for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions to improve the quality of this project 
work. 
I am extremely thankful to _________, Director, RIMT IET, Mandi Gobindgarh, for providing me 
infrastructural facilities to work in, without which this work would not have been possible. 
Signature(s) of Students 
Karan Kumar (98149231), Rajesh Sharma (98149232), Tarvinder Singh (98149233)
SAMPLE SHEET 
CERTIFICATE 
I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the B.Tech. Major (or Minor) Project 
Report entitled “Design of Sub Modules of a Micro Processor using Low Power Design 
Techniques”, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor of 
Technology in Electronics & Communication Engineering and submitted to the Department 
of Electronics & Communication Engineering of RIMT-Institute of Engineering & Technology 
Mandi Gobindgarh Punjab is an authentic record of my own work carried out during a period 
from July 2012 to November 2012( 7th /8th semester) under the supervision of Name & 
Designation of supervisor(s), ECE Department. 
The matter presented in this Project Report has not been submitted by me for the award 
of any other degree elsewhere. 
Signature of Student (S) 
Karan Kumar (98149231), Rajesh Sharma (98149232), Tarvinder Singh (98149233) 
This is to certify that the above statement made by the student(s) is correct to the best of my 
knowledge. 
Signature of Supervisor(s) 
Date: Name & Designation 
Head 
Electronics & Communication Engineering Department
SAMPLE SHEET 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
Page No. 
Acknowledgement i 
Abstract ii 
List of Tables iii 
List of Figures iv 
List of Abbreviations v 
List of Nomenclature vi 
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 
1.1 GENERAL 2 
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 
1.2.1 General 10 
1.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 
1.2.2.1 General 13 
1.2.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.2.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . 16 
1.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 
1.3 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 18 
1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 
Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 20 
2.1 GENERAL 22 
2.2 ……………. 23 
Chapter 3: PRESENT WORK 24 
Chapter 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 38 
Chapter 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 43 
References 50 
Appendices- 1, 2, 3 (If any) 
Publication ( If any)
Sample Sheet 
List of Tables 
Table Title Page 
3.1 Values Assigned to Standard k-ε Turbulence Model Coefficients ................ 55 
3.2 Values Assigned to RNG k-ε Turbulence Model Coefficients ...................... 57 
4.1 Engine Specifications. .................................................................................... 90 
4.2 Geometrical Details of the Injector ................................................................ 90 
4.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions .................................................................... 94 
4.4 Grid Independence Study ............................................................................... 99
Sample Sheet 
LIST OF FIGURES 
Figure Title Page 
3.1 Lagrangian Droplet Motion ........................................................................... 70 
4.1 Vertical Manifold. ........................................................................................ 95 
4.2 20O Bend Manifold......................................................................................... 95 
4.3 90O Bend Manifold....................................................................................... 95 
4.4 Spiral Manifold .............................................................................................. 95 
4.5 Spiral Manifold Configuration (θ = 225o) ..................................................... 96 
4.6 Spiral Manifold with Different Flow Entry Angles (20O, 32.5O and 45O)........ 96
Sample Sheet 
NOMENCLATURE 
English Symbols 
A Pre-exponential constant 
Cp Specific heat,J/kg-K 
c Reaction progress variable 
Dd Instantaneous droplet diameter, m 
Dm Instantaneous droplet diameter
Sample Sheet 
ABBREVIATIONS 
ATDC After Top Dead Center 
BDC Bottom Dead Center 
BTDC Before Top Dead Center 
CA Crank Angle 
CAD Computer Aided Design 
CCS Combined Charging System 
CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics 
CO Carbon Monoxide 
CTC Characteristic– Time Combustion

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Project report format

  • 1. FORMAT FOR PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS: The sequence in which the project report material should be arranged and bound as follows: 1. Cover Page 2. Inner Title Page (Same as cover page) 3. Certificate 4. Acknowledgement 5. Abstract 6. Table of Contents 7. List of Tables 8. List of Figures 9. Abbreviations and Nomenclature( If any) 10. Chapters 11. References 12. Appendices( If any) 13. Publication ( If any) The tables and figures shall be introduced in the appropriate places. TYPING INSTRUCTIONS: 1. The project must be submitted in Two Copies (one for department and 2nd for library) duly signed by the Supervisor. Students should also submit the soft copy on CD in pdf format in the library. 2. The length of the report may be about 40 to 70 pages. 3. The project report shall be computer typed (English- British, Font -Times Roman, Size- 12 point) and printed on A4 size paper . 4. The project report shall be hard bound with cover page in sky blue color. The name of the students, degree, month and year of submission, name of the university including institute name shall be printed in black letters on the cover page [Refer sample sheet (outer cover page)] 5. The project report shall be typed with 1.5 line spacing with a margin 3.5 cm on the left,
  • 2. 2.5 cm on the top, and 1.25 cm on the right and at bottom. Every page in the project report must be numbered. The page numbering, starting from acknowledgements and till the beginning of the introductory chapter, should be printed in small Roman numbers, i.e, i, ii, iii, iv...... The page number of the first page of each chapter should not be printed (but must be accounted for). All page numbers from the second page of each chapter should be printed using Arabic numerals, i.e. 2,3,4,5... All printed page numbers should be located at the bottom centre of the page. 6. In the project report, the title page [Refer sample sheet (inner title pager)] should be given first then the Certificate by the candidate and the supervisor(s) in sequence, followed by an abstract of the report (not exceeding one page) and so on. 7. The table of contents should list all headings and sub headings. The title page and certificate will not find a place among the items listed in the Table of Contents. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this head. 8. The list of tables should use exactly the same captions as they appear above the tables in the text. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this head. 9. The list of figures should use exactly the same captions as they appear below the figures in the text. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this head. 10. The list of symbols, abbreviation & nomenclature should be typed with one and a half line spacing. Standard symbols, abbreviation etc should be used. 11. Project report consists of following chapters. a. Chapter 1- Introduction b. Chapter 2- Literature Survey c. Chapter 3- Present Work (It will be divided into several chapters and each chapter may be further divided into several divisions and sub-divisions depending on type & volume of work.) d. Chapter 4- Result & Discussion e. Chapter 5- Conclusion & Future Scope (The chapter No. of chapter 4 & 5 may vary depending on no. of chapters covered in ‘Present Work’ chapter). Each chapter should be given an appropriate title. Tables & figures in a chapter
  • 3. should be placed in the immediate vicinity of the reference where they are cited. Footnotes should be used sparingly. They should be typed single space and placed directly underneath in the very same page, which refers to the material they annotate. Conclusion must not exceed more than two pages. Future scope also must not exceed one page. 13. Appendices are provided to give supplementary information, which is included in the main text may serve as a distraction and cloud the central theme. i) Appendices should be numbered using Arabic numerals, e.g. Appendix 1, Appendix 2, etc. ii) Appendices, Tables and References appearing in appendices should be numbered and referred to at appropriate places just as in the case of chapters. iii) Appendices shall carry the title of the work reported and the same title shall be made in the contents page also. 14. The listing of references should be typed 4 spaces below the heading “REFERENCES” in alphabetical order in single spacing left – justified. The reference material should be listed in the alphabetical order of the surname of the first author. The name of the author (s) should be immediately followed by the year and other details. A typical illustrative list given below relates to the citation example quoted above. REFERENCES: 1. Anderson, J.D. (1995) Computational Fluid Dynamics. McGraw Hill, Singapore 1995. 2. Barnard, R.W. and Kellogg, C. (1980) ‘Applications of Convolution Operators to Problems in Univalent Function Theory’, Michigan Mach, J., Vol.27, pp.81–94. 3. Shin, K.G. and Mckay, N.D. (1984) ‘Open Loop Minimum Time Control of Mechanical Manipulations and its Applications’, Proc.Amer.Contr.Conf., San Diego, CA, pp. 1231-1236. 4. Smith, R., (2002), ―Conformal Lubricated Contact of Cylindrical Surfaces Involved in a Non-Steady Motion,‖ from web site http://www.cas.phys.unm.edu/rsmith/homepage.html accessed on 12/08/2007.
  • 5. SAMPLE SHEET (OUTER COVER PAGE) DESIGN OF SUB MODULES OF A MICRO PROCESSOR USING LOW POWER DESIGN TECHNIQUES (24pt., 1.5 line spacing, Centre Aligned, Bold) A MINOR /MAJOR PROJECT REPORT (14pt, Bold) SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF (12pt, Centre Aligned) BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (14pt, Bold) (Electronics & Communication Engineering) (12pt) SUBMITTED TO (14pt, Bold) PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR (14pt, Bold) SUBMITTED BY (14pt, Bold) Name of Student(s) (14pt) University Roll No. (14pt) Karan Kumar 98149231 Rajesh Sharma 98149232 Tarvinder Singh 98149233 SUPERVISED BY (14pt,Bold) NAME OF SUPERVISOR(S) (14pt) Designation (12pt) November 2012 (12pt) (Month & Year of Submission) RIMT- INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, MANDI GOBINDGARH
  • 6. PUNJAB (14pt, Bold) SAMPLE SHEET (INNER TITLE PAGE) DESIGN OF SUB MODULES OF A MICRO PROCESSOR USING LOW POWER DESIGN TECHNIQUES A MINOR /MAJOR PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (Electronics & Communication Engineering) SUBMITTED TO PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR SUBMITTED BY Name of Student(s) University Roll No. Karan Kumar 98149231 Rajesh Sharma 98149232 Tarvinder Singh 98149233 SUPERVISED BY NAME OF SUPERVISOR(S) Designation November 2012 RIMT- INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, MANDI GOBINDGARH PUNJAB
  • 7. SAMPLE SHEET ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to place on record my deep sense of gratitude to Prof. _____________, HOD-Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, RIMT IET, Mandi Gobindgarh, India for his generous guidance, help and useful suggestions. I express my sincere gratitude to Prof. ______________, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, RIMT IET, Mandi Gobindgarh, India, for his stimulating guidance, continuous encouragement and supervision throughout the course of present work. I also wish to extend my thanks to Prof. _____________ and other colleagues for attending my seminars and for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions to improve the quality of this project work. I am extremely thankful to _________, Director, RIMT IET, Mandi Gobindgarh, for providing me infrastructural facilities to work in, without which this work would not have been possible. Signature(s) of Students Karan Kumar (98149231), Rajesh Sharma (98149232), Tarvinder Singh (98149233)
  • 8. SAMPLE SHEET CERTIFICATE I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the B.Tech. Major (or Minor) Project Report entitled “Design of Sub Modules of a Micro Processor using Low Power Design Techniques”, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor of Technology in Electronics & Communication Engineering and submitted to the Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering of RIMT-Institute of Engineering & Technology Mandi Gobindgarh Punjab is an authentic record of my own work carried out during a period from July 2012 to November 2012( 7th /8th semester) under the supervision of Name & Designation of supervisor(s), ECE Department. The matter presented in this Project Report has not been submitted by me for the award of any other degree elsewhere. Signature of Student (S) Karan Kumar (98149231), Rajesh Sharma (98149232), Tarvinder Singh (98149233) This is to certify that the above statement made by the student(s) is correct to the best of my knowledge. Signature of Supervisor(s) Date: Name & Designation Head Electronics & Communication Engineering Department
  • 9. SAMPLE SHEET TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Acknowledgement i Abstract ii List of Tables iii List of Figures iv List of Abbreviations v List of Nomenclature vi Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL 2 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.2.1 General 10 1.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.2.2.1 General 13 1.2.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . 15
  • 10. 1.2.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1.3 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 18 1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 20 2.1 GENERAL 22 2.2 ……………. 23 Chapter 3: PRESENT WORK 24 Chapter 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 38 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 43 References 50 Appendices- 1, 2, 3 (If any) Publication ( If any)
  • 11. Sample Sheet List of Tables Table Title Page 3.1 Values Assigned to Standard k-ε Turbulence Model Coefficients ................ 55 3.2 Values Assigned to RNG k-ε Turbulence Model Coefficients ...................... 57 4.1 Engine Specifications. .................................................................................... 90 4.2 Geometrical Details of the Injector ................................................................ 90 4.3 Boundary and Initial Conditions .................................................................... 94 4.4 Grid Independence Study ............................................................................... 99
  • 12. Sample Sheet LIST OF FIGURES Figure Title Page 3.1 Lagrangian Droplet Motion ........................................................................... 70 4.1 Vertical Manifold. ........................................................................................ 95 4.2 20O Bend Manifold......................................................................................... 95 4.3 90O Bend Manifold....................................................................................... 95 4.4 Spiral Manifold .............................................................................................. 95 4.5 Spiral Manifold Configuration (θ = 225o) ..................................................... 96 4.6 Spiral Manifold with Different Flow Entry Angles (20O, 32.5O and 45O)........ 96
  • 13. Sample Sheet NOMENCLATURE English Symbols A Pre-exponential constant Cp Specific heat,J/kg-K c Reaction progress variable Dd Instantaneous droplet diameter, m Dm Instantaneous droplet diameter
  • 14. Sample Sheet ABBREVIATIONS ATDC After Top Dead Center BDC Bottom Dead Center BTDC Before Top Dead Center CA Crank Angle CAD Computer Aided Design CCS Combined Charging System CFD Computational Fluid Dynamics CO Carbon Monoxide CTC Characteristic– Time Combustion