Proposals 091112
- 1. Proposals Your Next Assignment
- 2. Today’s Agenda • Persuasive Strategies • Beginning and Ending a Communication • Creating a Proposal • Your Proposals in Depth
- 3. Persuasion • Focusing on your reader • Reverse • Reinforce • Shape • Be flexible • Reasoning
- 4. Reasoning • Evidence • Connected by line of reasoning • Leads to claim
- 5. Evidence • Data • Testimony • Examples
- 6. Arrangement • Organizing your argument • Direct pattern o Begins with the writer’s main point o Afterwards provides evidence o Effective when offering an analysis o Less effective when conveying information that may be “bad” • Indirect pattern o Presents evidence o Postpones on main point o Allows author to prepare the reader.
- 7. Building a Relationship • Taking Authority o Power o Expertise • Building trustworthiness o Personal advantages vs. objectivity • Group membership o Build authority • Dynamic appeal o Show enthusiasm
- 8. Beginning • Compelling introduction • Give readers a reason to pay attention • Refer to specific requests • Problem solving
- 9. Writing Assignment • Pick a social issue currently plaguing the United States. Write a compelling proposal introduction that would address this issue. • If you’re having trouble thinking of a subject, here are a few: o Childhood obesity o The Drug War o Illiteracy Rates o Poverty o Hunger
- 10. Announcements • Preview the arrangement • Explain the scope of the document • Summarize
- 11. Basic Information • The reason they should read • The main point • Arrangement and scope • Background information
- 12. Ending • End on your last point • Repeat your main point • Summarize key points • Follow up o What to do next o Identify further work
- 13. Writing a Proposal • Introduction • Problem Assessment • Objective • Solution • Method • Resources • Schedule • Qualifications • Management • Costs
- 14. Introduction • Your abstract • Can be one sentence to a few paragraphs • Sums up where you are going in the piece
- 15. Problem • Issues that needs to be addressed • Come from multiple sources o RFP o Explicit o Implicit o Yourself
- 16. Objective • Explicit goals to solve the problem • Measurable • Concrete
- 17. Solution • Address each of the objectives • A desirable way to achieve objectives • Plan for achieving objectives
- 18. Method • Exact means by which you plan to solve the problem • Plan of action
- 19. Resources • Optional section • Special materials to be used in the project • Depends on if your proposal needs equipment
- 20. Schedule • Very important • Provide a chart • Calendar of deliverables
- 21. Qualifications • Experience and skills of the personnel • Instills confidence in the reader • Approach this ethically
- 22. Management • For projects with more personnel • Organizational chart • Coordination of work
- 23. Costs • Investment of resources • Budget statement
- 24. Group Assignment • In groups of 3, write a short proposal addressing a social problem in the United States. How would you go about solving this problem? What costs would you incur?