QUANTITATIVE-AND-QUALITATIVE-METHOD.pdf

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
PULONG BUHANGIN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SESSION OBJECTIVES:
❑ define the similarities and
differences of Qualitative and
Quantitative Research;
❑ characterize the different
uses of Qualitative and
Quantitative Research across
different fields; and
❑ response to different
problems through right
research approach .

CONTENT:
CONTENT:
✓ What is Qualitative Research?
✓ What is Quantitative Research?
✓ Similarities of Quantitative and Qualitative Research
✓ Differences of Quantitative and Qualitative Research

What is Qualitative Research?
Qualitative Research is based on
an approach which sees the
individual and the world around
him/her as interconnected.

✓ It is primarily an exploratory
research;
✓ It is used to give an
understanding of underlying
reasons, opinions, and
motivations;

✓ It is also used to uncover trends
in thought and opinions and dig
deeper into the problem;
✓ The sample size is typically
small;

✓ It is more flexible allowing more
naturalness and acclimatization for
interaction and collaboration between
the researcher and participant; and
✓ It seeks to collect, integrate, and
present data from a variety of sources of
evidence as part of a given study.

What is Quantitative Research?
Quantitative research is the process of
collecting and analyzing numerical
data. It can be used to find patterns
and averages, make predictions, test
causal relationships, and generalize
results to wider populations.
(Bhandari, 2020)

✓ It is more often associated with
hard data;
✓ It is used to quantify– that is to
put numerical equivalent to
findings;

✓ It is used to quantify the problem by
way of generating mathematical
data or data that can be
transformed into usable statistics;

✓ It quantifies attitudes, opinions,
behaviors and other defined
variables and generalize results
from large sample of population;
and

✓ It discusses the quantitative relation
between the participant/s and the
researcher.

Similarities of Quantitative and
Qualitative Research
1. Empirical research is aimed at
creating new knowledge.
Bachman (2009) identifies the following commonalities:
2. Research creates knowledge by
observing phenomena.

3. All the entities of interest like
attitudes, motives, and learning can
be inferred from observing what
people do or say in a given setting.

4. All researchers are concerned
about the universality of ideas or
expressing an idea in a general
statement; that is, they desire to find
meaning for research results beyond
a particular study.

Differences of Quantitative and Qualitative Research
CRITERIA: PURPOSE
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
✓ To understand and interpret social interactions
✓ To test hypotheses, look at cause and effect,
and make predictions.

CRITERIA: GROUP STUDIED
✓ Smaller and not randomly selected.
✓ Larger and randomly selected

CRITERIA: VARIABLES
✓ Study of the whole, not variables
✓ Specific variables studied

CRITERIA: TYPE OF DATA COLLECTED
✓ Words, images, or objects
✓ Numbers and statistics

CRITERIA: FORM OF DATA COLLECTED
✓ Qualitative data such as open-ended responses, interviews,
participant observation, field notes, and reflections.
✓ Quantitative data based on precise measurements using
structured and validated data-collection instruments.

CRITERIA: TYPES OF DATA ANALYSIS
✓ Identify patterns, features, themes
✓ Identify statistical relationships

CRITERIA: OBJECTIVITY AND SUBJECTIVITY
✓ Subjectivity is expected
✓ Objectivity is critical

CRITERIA: RESULTS
✓ Particular or specialized findings that is less
generalizable.
✓ Generalizable findings that can be applied to
other populations.

TYPES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
✓ Case Study
✓ Ethnography
✓ Content Analysis
✓ Phenomenological Study
✓ Grounded Theory

✓ Case Study
The case study studies a person, program or event in a
defined time frame (Leedy and Omrod, 2021).
Example:
An Exploratory Multiple Case Study about Using Game-
Based Learning in STEM Classrooms

✓ Ethnography
Macmillan (1993) defines this type of research as
interactive and which requires relatively extensive time in a
site to systematically observe, interview, and record
process as they occur naturally at the selected location.
Example:
The Educated Citizen: Cultural and Gender Capital in the
Schooling of Aetas’ Children in the Municipality of Janiuay

✓ Content Analysis
This research design calls for “a detailed and systematic
examination of the contents of particular body of materials
for the purpose of identifying patterns, themes, or biases
(Leedy and Ormod, 2001).
Example:
Online Democracy: A Content Analysis of Facebook Pages
of 2016 Philippine Presidential Candidates

✓ Phenomenological Study
Creswell (1998) points out that the essence of this study is
the search for “ central underlying meaning of the research
participant’s experience.”
Example:
A Phenomenological Analysis of Filipino Students'
Experiences of Bullying In State Universities and Colleges

✓ Grounded Theory
In this kind of approach, the theory or general pattern of
understanding will emerge as it begins with initial codes,
develops into broad themes, or domain and redounds, into
a grounded theory or broad interpretation.
Example:
Becoming Selfless for Others: A Grounded Theory of
Commitment to Service

TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN
✓ Experimental Research
✓ Survey Research

✓Experimental Research
The researcher manipulates variable to one
group and none to another group and then
examines the differences between the
outcomes.

✓Survey Research
It provides numerical description of
trends, attitudes or opinions of a
certain population.

REFERENCES
Prieto, N.G., Naval, V.C., & Carey, T.G. (2017). Practical Research 1.
Lorimar Publishing, Inc. Quezon City, Philippines.
SurveyMonkey. (n.d.). The difference between quantitative vs. qualitative research.
https://www.surveymonkey.com/mp/quantitative-vs-qualitative-research/
S. Oflazoglu. (2017). Qualitative Versus Quantitative Research. Croatia: IntechOpen.
https.//dx.doi.org/10.5772/65619

THANK YOU
For listening and cooperation
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division of Bulacan
PULONG BUHANGIN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

QUANTITATIVE-AND-QUALITATIVE-METHOD.pdf

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