Quantum computers
- 1. Quantum computer Presentation by Jay Patel BCA(sem-6) Year 2016-17 DUIAS,VALSAD
- 2. What is quantum computer? • A quantum computer is a machine that performs calculations based on the laws of quantum mechanics
- 3. Introduction • Processor is an important part of computer it helps the computer to perform various tasks • Processor is made up of numerous transistors
- 4. Introduction • The work of transistors is simple it acts like switch which allows to pass current • It is basically like a switch
- 5. Introduction • The size of a transistors have gradually decreased through years and is predicted that it will become a size of an atom
- 6. Quantum tunnelling • Tunnelling is a quantum mechanical effect. A tunnelling current occurs when electrons move through a barrier that they classically shouldn't be able to move through. In classical terms, if you don't have enough energy to move "over" a barrier, you won't.
- 7. Qubit • In normal computers , bits are smallest unit of information which is either 0 or 1 • Whereas quantum computers use quantum bit which is also know as qubit • it can take on two value simultaneously, 0 and 1. this characteristic expands of producing parallel calculation
- 8. Quantum superposition • An electron has dual nature • It can exhibit as a particle and also as wave • Wave exhibits a phenomenon known as superposition of waves • This phenomenon allows the addition of waves numerically • Superposition occur all the time at the quantum level • i.e. any quantum object like a electron or photons is in superposition.
- 9. Decoherence • As the number of qubit the increases the influence of external environment disturb the system • This cause the states in the computer to change in a way that is completely unintended and is unpredictable rendering the computer useless
- 10. Quantum entanglement • In quantum mechanics it sometimes occurs that a measurement of one particle will effect the state of another particle even though classically there is no direct interactions • When this happens the state of the two particles is said to be entangled
- 11. Quantum parrellism • It is a method in which a quantum computer is able to perform two or more computations simultaneously • In classical computers parallel computing is performed by having several processors linked together • In a quantum computer a single quantum processor is able to perform computation on its own
- 12. Quantum parrellism • Parallelism allows a quantum computer to work on many compulation at once
- 13. Quantum networking • One possible use of quantum computers is that of networking both intranet and internet • Quantum teleportation using light beams may be able to carry a great deal of information • But the issue in this is creating large enough of light in both locations sending and receiving to send all the data in reasonable time
- 14. Encryption • Current encryption methods work by factoring small numbers which is easy • Current encryption numbers use over 400 digits in size which today's computer will take billions years to process • A quantum computers will take seconds to calculate these numbers
- 15. Need for quantum computers • That is roughly 200 times smaller than Intel's brand new architecture • Would be very useful in research and algorithm computation • Database searching : to find something in a database, a normal computer may have to test every single one of its entries. Quantum algorithms need only square root of that time
- 16. Future prospects • When processor components reach atomic scale Moore's law breaks down • Quantum effects become important whether we want them or not • But huge obstacle in building a practical quantum computer
- 17. Conclusion • Quantum computing could provide a radical change in the way computation is performed • Classical computer will be larger than quantum computers for the future
- 18. References • https://en.wikipedia.org • http://www.nova.org.au • https://www.slideshare.net