Quantum computing and its Impact to ICT industry
- 1. 1 The Future of Quantum Computing and Quantum Networking Shuvo Chowdhury June 2018
- 2. 2 Quantum Computing in the Hype Cycle 2017 Source: gartner.com “Quantum computing is heavily hyped and evolving at different rates, but it should not be ignored,” “It holds great promise, especially in the areas of ML, AI and cryptography. Today’s data scientists, focused on ML, AI and big data analytics, simply cannot address some difficult and complex problems because of the compute limitations of classic computer architectures”. “Some of these problems may take today’s fastest supercomputers months or even years to run through a series of permutations, making it impractical to attempt. Quantum computers have the potential to run massive amounts of calculations in parallel in seconds. ICT OperatorsTechnology OpportunityIndustry
- 3. 3 What is Quantum Computing? Classical Bit Vs Qubit in Quantum computing A Quantum Computer Quantum computing is computing using quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement. They are different from binary digital electronic computers based on transistors. One of the greatest challenges of quantum computing is controlling or removing quantum decoherence. Quantum particles defy the laws of physics as we understand them. They can move in time, exist and not exist, and seemingly go from one area to another without a discernible path. Qubits, the calculation elements of quantum computing, allows for a third state of being with numbers. Instead of just 0 or 1, there can exist both Source: google.com ICT OperatorsIndustry OpportunityTechnology
- 4. 4 Source: intel.comBlueprint of a Quantum Computer Physicists from the UK have created a blueprint for a soccer-field-sized machine. Researchers outline designs for modules containing roughly 2,500 qubits and suggest interlinking thousands of them together to create a machine containing two billion qubits. Tangle Lake”; a quantum-processor chip that operates at extremely low temperatures. Tangle Lake is designed to store and process quantum information in qubits that are superconducting circuits.49 Qubit intel chip Blueprint of a Quantum Computer ICT OperatorsIndustry OpportunityTechnology
- 5. 5 Quantum computing Market and Key players Source: Markets and Markets Quantum computing market is expected to be valued at USD 495.3 Million by 2023, at a CAGR of 29.04% between 2017 and 2023. The major factors driving the growth of this market include rising incidences of cybercrimes, early adoption of quantum computing in the defense and automotive industry, and increasing investment by government entities in the market. North America accounted for the largest share of the overall quantum computing market in 2016. On the other hand, Asia Pacific (APAC) would be the fastest growing region for quantum computing during the forecast period The key players in this market are D Wave Systems Inc. (Canada), 1QB Information Technologies Inc. (Canada), QC Ware Corp. (US), Google Inc. (US), and QxBranch LLC (US),IBM(US),Intel(US),Microsoft (US). ICT OperatorsIndustry Technology Opportunity
- 6. 6 Quantum computing supremacy Source: Ipwatchdog.com • China invested heavily in Quantum Computing • Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent jockey for position in the development of quantum computing • Chinese government last year set out to build what will be the world’s biggest quantum computing research complex(11.0 Billion) • 2014 the quantum computing patent application Jumped • Since 2014 the count of patent is projected to increase by 430% by the end of 2017 ICT OperatorsIndustry Technology Opportunity
- 7. 7 Quantum Computing impact on Applications and Industries Machine learning: Improved ML through faster structured prediction. Examples include Boltzmann machines, quantum Boltzmann machines, semi-supervised learning, unsupervised learning and deep learning. Healthcare: DNA gene sequencing, such as radiotherapy treatment optimization/brain tumor detection, could be performed in seconds instead of hours or weeks. Computer science: Faster multidimensional search functions, for example, query optimization, mathematics and simulations Finance: Quantum computing could enable faster, more complex Monte Carlo simulations, for example, trading, trajectory optimization, market instability, price optimization and hedging strategies Artificial intelligence: Faster calculations could improve perception, comprehension, self-awareness and circuit fault diagnosis/binary classifiers. ICT OperatorsIndustry Technology Opportunity
- 8. 8 Quantum Computing Use Cases Source: gartner.com • Quantum Communications • Security • Compute power • Network • Quantum Simulation • Big data • Traffic planning • Capacity • Disaster Planning • Quantum Machine learning • Route planning • Scheduling • AI • Optimization • SON • Pattern Matching • Robotics ICT OperatorsIndustry Technology Opportunity For ICT Industry
- 9. 9 Challenges To Quantum Computing? One of the biggest challenges is to remove quantum decoherence. The decoherence of the qubits occurs when the system interacts with the surrounding in a thermodynamically irreversible manner. So, the system needs to be carefully isolated. Freezing the qubits is one of the ways to prevent decoherence A quantum computer must be totally isolated from all external interference during the computation phase Qubits are not digital bits of data thus cannot use conventional error correction. So truly isolating quantum system is very difficult Output Observance is challenging in Quantum computing. For 500qubits, 1 in 2^500 chance of observing right output Source: www.equity.media ICT OperatorsIndustry Technology Opportunity
- 10. 10 Quantum Technologies timeline Source: time.tno.nl • 1. Quantum Communications • A- Core technology of quantum repeaters • B- Secure point-to-point quantum links • C- Quantum networks between distant cities • F- Secure quantum internet and ICT network • 2. Quantum Simulation • A- Simulator of motion of electrons in materials • B- New algorithms for quantum • simulators and networks • 3. Quantum sensors • A- Quantum sensors for niche App • B- More precise atomic clocks • F- Integrate quantum sensors • with consumer applications • 4. Quantum Computers • A- Operation of a logical qubit protected by error correction or topologically • B-New algorithms for quantum computers • F- General purpose Q Computer OpportunityIndustry Technology ICT Operators
- 11. 11 Quantum ICT Networking and future deployment Quantum networking is the process of linking quantum computers and devices together. This creates fast and secure networks beyond anything possible today with traditional processors • Quantum Networks and Quantum Internet • Quantum key distribution (QKD) • Universal Quantum Network • Make QC accusable via Cloud ,bill usage by minutes and lease QC time rather buy Source: www.nict.go.jp OpportunityIndustry Technology ICT Operators