Questions & interviews j1 stratton 2014 fall
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This document provides guidance on conducting effective interviews. It discusses the six basic questions reporters should ask (who, what, when, where, why, how) and emphasizes using open-ended questions to obtain detailed answers. Common interviewing mistakes are outlined, such as lack of preparation, vague questions, and failure to listen. Throughout, tips are given for proper interview etiquette and techniques to get high-quality responses from subjects. The overall message is that thorough research, clear questioning, and active listening are keys to successful interviews.
Questions & interviews j1 stratton 2014 fall
- 1. + Questions & Interviews What you should know
- 2. + Types of Questions 6 Basic 2
- 3. + The Basic Questions There are six basic questions You know them 5W’s + H 3
- 4. + Who Who is involved? Who does/did the situation affect? Who said so? 4
- 5. + What What is happening? What did happen? What are the consequences? What is different about this? What are the choices? 5
- 6. + When When did or will this happen? When was this discovered? 6
- 7. + Where Where did or will this happen? Where is someone? 7
- 8. + Why Why did this happen or will it happen? 8
- 9. + How How did it or will it happen? How much does it cost? How many people does this affect? How do you feel about this? 9
- 10. + How How did it or will it happen? How much does it cost? How many people does this affect? How do you feel about this? 10
- 11. +Write your own You are going to interview a student on Homecoming (fall)/Diversity Month/Week (spring). 1. Write three questions on different sticky notes. 2. Think about how much information each question will get. 3. Place the question under the correct “sticky” sign. 11
- 12. + Write your own Create 3 questions You are going to interview a student on Homecoming (fall)/Diversity Month/Week (spring). 12
- 13. +Write your own You are going to interview an administrator on the changes to the school budget. 1. Write three questions on different sticky notes. 2. State who you are asking 3. Think about how much information each question will get. 4. Place the question under the correct “sticky” sign. 13
- 14. +Write your own Create 3 questions You are going to interview an administrator on the changes to the school budget. 14
- 15. + Write your own 1. Which questions were written the most often? 2. Which questions will gather the most information? 15
- 16. + Remember: 16
- 17. + Question Basics Things to be aware 17
- 18. + Questions to Avoid Close-ended Questions These can be answered with a single word or a short phrase. They’re often yes/no questions. Limit the information obtained Use only to verify what is already known 18
- 19. + Best questions to ask EVER Open-ended These questions will always give you the best answers. These are questions that cannot be simply answered yes or no. This forces the respondent to give you better, longer answers. 19
- 20. + Follow-up Questions Remember to ask open-ended questions Ask questions like: 1. How long have you been playing (insert sport here)? a) What has been the hardest (easiest) part of playing so long (short)? b) What other sports do you play? 2. Where have you played? (could be music, sports, video games) a) What is the most interesting place you have played? 3. What was your hardest (easiest) homework assignment or project? a) Why was it hard (easy)? b) How did you overcome the difficult part? c) What was your final grade on the homework / project? 20
- 21. + Write your own Remember: These are the 6 basic questions. 21
- 22. + Basic Question Strategies Things to always do 22
- 23. + Questions to always ask when interviewing 1. Name & it’s spelling 2. Age, Class standing (if appropriate) 3. Title / Position 4. Address (in real world) 5. How to get a hold of them for follow-up (phone number, e-mail) 6. 5 W’s & H of situation 23
- 24. + Basic Questioning Strategies 1. Meet the respondent: icebreaker conversation 2. Ask first serious question 3. Proceed to the heart of the interview 4. Ask "bomb" question if necessary Bomb questions are those that are potentially sensitive or embarrassing. 1. Recovery from bomb question 2. Conclude interview 24
- 25. + Optional General Questions: 1. Hobbies 2. Sports 3. Likes/dislikes 4. Musical interests 5. Find out interesting fact that others don’t know 6. Make person interesting, someone others want to read about 25
- 26. + The Interview What to do How to act 26
- 27. +Interviewing 1 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: I. Prepare A. Define a purpose of the interview B. Research story (person) background 1. Look in the morgue 2. Check the library 3. Ask other sources (consult family, friends, co-workers) C. Make a list of questions (based on research) and plan your strategy D. Set up an interview with appropriate person and to their advantage E. Dress appropriately 27
- 28. + Interviewing 2 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: II. During the interview A. Be on time! B. Be polite C. Listen non-judgmentally D. Ask open-ended questions E. Take notes using their phrases and words F. Make the person feel relaxed G. Ask for clarification 28
- 29. + Interviewing 3 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: 29
- 30. + Interviewing 4 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: II. During the interview K. Be careful with off-the-record comments. Try to avoid them, but sometimes they can lead to questions in another interview. L. Listen to the responses. Your ability to ask good follow-up questions will usually determine how good your interview will be. 30
- 31. + Interviewing 5 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: III. Ending and after the interview A. Ask if there is anything they would like to add B. Look over your notes for any additional questions & clarification. C. Go over all quotes with the respondent to check for accuracy GG 31
- 32. + Interviewing 6 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: III. Ending and after the interview D. Obtain all the information you think you will need before concluding the interview, but be sure to ask if you can contact your respondent again if necessary. E. Ask for phone number in case you need further clarification, but do not promise to let subject check story. F. Thank the interviewee for his/her time. 32
- 33. + Interviewing 7 Good reporters always do the following before, during, and after an interview: IV. After the interview A. Write story immediately after interview (within hour) B. Double check facts (call source if needed) 33
- 34. + Interviewing Problems From Rob Milton 34
- 35. + Common Interviewing Problems 1 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 1. Failure to define and state the purpose of the interview. 35
- 36. + Common Interviewing Problems 2 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 2. Lack of preparation. 36
- 37. + Common Interviewing Problems 3 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 3. Failure to probe behind the answers. 37
- 38. + Common Interviewing Problems 4 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 4. Vagueness Lack of concrete details. A word or phrase is said to be vague if its meaning is not clear in context. 38
- 39. + Common Interviewing Problems 5 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 5. Carelessness in appearance. 39
- 40. + Common Interviewing Problems 6 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 6. Going into the interview with a preconceived notion versus… Not listening to respondent is saying Not doing background preparation. 40
- 41. + Common Interviewing Problems 7 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 7. Convoluted or over-defined questions. Instead ask precise, probing questions. 41
- 42. + Common Interviewing Problems 8 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 9. Insensitivity 42
- 43. + Common Interviewing Problems 9 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 9. Failure to listen. 43
- 44. +Common Interviewing Problems 10 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 10. Laziness — the “what’s new” 44
- 45. +Common Interviewing Problems 11 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 11. Filibustering This is when you talk too much, and the experiences of the reporter, not the respondent, predominate. 45
- 46. + Common Interviewing Problems 12 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 12. Aimlessness Keep the interview on track. 46
- 47. + Common Interviewing Problems 13 What are some of the problems beginning reporters — and even experienced reporters, at times — have? 12. Too many abstract instead of concrete questions. Ideas or concepts with no physical reference. Don’t try to “get inside their head.” 47
- 48. + Final Tips Thing to remember 48
- 49. + Final Interviewing Tips 1 1. Write from the heart Go out among subjects Don’t write as after thought 1. Take a variety of types of quotes 2. Take a majority of quotes direct quotes Personal stories Quotes are the story Get quotes live (be there or be square) 49
- 50. + Final Interviewing Tips 2 4. The Interview Ask open ended questions Engage respondent in icebreaking questions to start Take time Regard personal space Listen for details 50
- 51. + Don’t Forget! 51
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