Reading skill & writing skill
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Reading is a cognitive process involving three components: decoding, comprehension, and retention. Decoding involves translating printed words to sounds. Comprehension refers to understanding a text through interaction between its words and outside knowledge. Retention is keeping information in short-term or long-term memory. There are two types of reading: intensive reading focuses on details, while extensive reading aims for general understanding. Reading is important for career, mental and creative development, and expanding vocabulary. Effective reading strategies include playing word games, reading aloud, engaging senses, and using marginal notes. The teacher's role is to diagnose skills, highlight demands, and provide instruction.
Reading skill & writing skill
- 2. It is a cognitive process of decoding symbols to deriveIt is a cognitive process of decoding symbols to derive meaning from text (as in reading a book or reading music).meaning from text (as in reading a book or reading music). Three Components of ReadingThree Components of Reading 1.1.DecodingDecoding 2.2.ComprehensionComprehension 3.3.RetentionRetention
- 3. Decoding refers to the process of translating a printed word into aDecoding refers to the process of translating a printed word into a soundsound.. Comprehension It is defined as the level of understanding of a text/message. ThisIt is defined as the level of understanding of a text/message. This understanding comes from the interaction between the words that areunderstanding comes from the interaction between the words that are written and how they trigger knowledge outside the text/message.written and how they trigger knowledge outside the text/message. Retention The condition of retaining (keeping) something. It could be inThe condition of retaining (keeping) something. It could be in the Short term memory or Long term Memory.the Short term memory or Long term Memory.
- 4. There are two types of reading. Intensive Extensive
- 5. Extensive Reading Extensive reading is carried out "to achieve a general understanding of a text." The aims of extensive reading are to build reader confidence and enjoyment. Intensive Reading - careful or in-depth reading - you read for details and extract specific info on particular topics - has several techniques or sub-types: scanning, skimming, exploratory reading, study reading, critical reading, and analytical reading
- 6. Why is reading Important ? 1. Reading is a vital skill in finding a good job. 2. Reading is important because it develops the mind. 3. It is how we discover new things. 4. Reading develops the imagination. 5. Reading develops the creative side of people. 6. Reading helps to expand the vocabulary
- 7. Reading strategies 1. Play word games. 2. Read aloud every day 3. Model reading as an enjoyable activity. 4. Listen to books. 5. Read to your child every night 6. Engage children’s senses while learning.
- 8. 1. Mumbling 2. Underlining key words/rereading 3. Start the conclusion 4. The Special Reading Place 5. Reading aloud to someone 6. Someone reading aloud to you 7. Skimming/Reading 8. Marginal Notes: Talking with the text 9. annotate a text 10. A reward 11. Hearing the text inside your head
- 9. Reading Teacher’s RoleReading Teacher’s Role 1. Diagnose each student’s reading skills to ascertain the grade level of the material that the student can read. 2. Be aware of the reading demands and teaching strategies of the content areas so that these skills can be highlighted and reinforced. 3. Provide instruction in these skills at the appropriate level of difficulty.
- 10. Writing can be said to be the act of forming the symbols: making marks on flat surface of some kind. Writing is a process where symbols have to be arranged according to a certain conventions to form words and words have to be arranged to form sentences.
- 11. Writing aims to capture a thought or idea, to transfer it to a permanent format, making it tangible. If communication is the ultimate goal, write for your audience, not for personal style. Writing has to be much clearer than spoken language because it lacks these assisting cues Students’ performance is assessed through written work. Documentation is mostly done in written form.
- 12. Free writing Independent Writing Process writing Easy writing Narrative writing Expository writing Persuasive writing
- 13. Teach students how to hold pen or pencil Encourage students to write with pencil at early stages Scribbling, and drawing lines, shapes, and pictures are the first steps towards writing. Dictation frequently at earlier stage. Drawing should be encouraged by providing time and materials as soon as children are old enough to hold a crayon. Focus grammar
- 14. Write every day it’s better to practice for fifteen minutes every day than to practice for two hours three times a week Establish time for daily writing at school as well as at home Display students good writing pieces
- 15. Scribbling Drawing lines Construct and de construct words Dot writing Dictation Copying
Editor's Notes
- #13: Persuasive writing is writing that tries to convince a reader to do something or to believe what you believe about a certain topic. It takes a position for or against something.