Reading strategies (before, during, after)
- 1. Before, During, and After Reading Strategies Samantha Morales
- 2. Before Reading The reader establishes a plan and his/her purpose for reading Strategy 1: KWL Chart • The reader creates a three-column chart • Helps set purpose for reading and focuses on key ideas • Left column: K – What I already know • Middle column: W – What I think I will learn or what I want to know • Right column: L – What I learned
- 3. Before Reading cont. Strategy 2: Vocabulary Frames • Useful for learning new vocabulary words that introduce new concepts • Divide paper into four boxes with a circle in the center • Center circle: vocabulary word • Upper right box: dictionary or student-generated definition of the word • Upper left box: antonym and cross it out • Lower right box: include a graphic to visualize the concept • Lower left box: write a sentence that includes the definition of the word
- 4. Before Reading cont. Strategy 3: 30-15-10 List • Students know the meaning of the following and can decode words independently during reading Meaning of the 30 most used prefixes Meaning of the15 most popular roots Meaning of the 10 most used suffixes
- 5. Before Reading cont. Strategy 4: K.I.M. • Students synthesize and interpret new information, making it their own • Students can reference drawings for quizzes, tests, or other assessments • Similar to KWL chart template • K: term or key idea • I: information that goes with it • M: draw a picture/memory clue
- 6. Before Reading cont. Strategy 5: Anticipation Guide • Statements should include big ideas/main principles of the lesson or unit • Statements must incite students to agree or disagree with and must pull on prior knowledge • Include one foil statement to provoke critical thinking and discussions • Reading must provide answers to statements in the anticipation guide • Students complete anticipation guide independently but work with a partner or in groups of two to share knowledge after
- 7. During Reading Reader thinks about his/her purpose for reading and about his/her prior knowledge Strategy 1: Sticky notes and highlighting • Used to find a part in a text, mark confusing parts, hold thinking to share after reading • Also to summarize questions/thoughts/ideas to share in class later, answer questions, and use as study guide
- 8. During Reading cont. Strategy 2: Vocabulary Blocks • Similar to vocabulary frames but includes several blocks on the same paper • Upper left: vocabulary word • Lower left: definition of the word • Upper right: Antonym • Lower right: drawing of definition
- 9. During Reading cont. Strategy 3: T-Notes • Used for reviewing and note-taking • Divide paper into two columns • Left column: write words/key points • Right column: write definition of the word or explanation of key point
- 10. During Reading cont. Strategy 4: Most Important Word • Used to identify author’s intent in carefully choosing words to craft a message • As a class, discuss two words found in the selected text’s title • Brainstorm definition of both words and record them on the overhead • Identify passages containing the two words and explain significances • Assign chapters to examine and look for other words they think are important to support the theme of the text
- 11. During Reading cont. Strategy 5: Descriptive Frame • Provides information about a topic by describing and attributing • Usually used for people, places, objects, and events • Prompt students by asking questions such as “What can you tell me about the topic?” and “What do you think the topic is about?”
- 12. After Reading Reader thinks about prior knowledge and what he/she learned, connections made during reading, and links information to build new knowledge Strategy 1: Compare and Contrast • Determine how 2 ideas, things, people, places, etc. are similar and different
- 13. After Reading cont. Strategy 2: Circle Story • Identify main parts of a story • Divide circle into number of events students must identify (usually 3 but can be more) • As a class, read, discuss, and place events in corresponding part • Students independently draw pictures to represent events in the story and retell the story using pictures
- 14. After Reading cont. Strategy 4: Venn Diagram • Another way to compare and contrast • Compare/contrast 3 or more ideas, concepts, people, events, etc. • Students must complete diagram independently without the teacher’s help • Can also be used as an outline to write a summary
- 15. After Reading cont. Strategy 4: Exit Slips • Provide feedback about the lesson to the teacher and prompt students to reflect on what they learned • Questions/prompts ask students to write what they understood and what needs more explaining from the lesson • Not a grade but must be honest • Anonymous • Make changes or accommodations next time based on what students shared
- 16. After Reading cont. Strategy 5: Summarizing • Taking the key ideas and main points, as well as what is truly necessary to understand them • Repeatedly model strategy • Students read the text, take notes (graphic organizers) on key points and main idea, key words, etc. • Students can also shorten by writing their understanding of the concept, idea, etc. • Once outline is done, students write the summary
- 17. Reference Before, During, and After: Helping Your Students Understand the Content. (n.d.). Retrieved November 15, 2018 from http://images.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/AL/MadisonCity/DiscoveryMid/ Uploads/Forms/Before__During__and_After_New_Strategies.pdf