Real comm2e ch7
- 2. • Explain key aspects of interpersonal relationships • Describe how and why we form relationships • List the advantages and disadvantages of relationships Chapter Outcomes
- 3. • Describe the factors that influence self-disclosure • Outline the predictable stages of most relationships Chapter Outcomes (cont.)
- 4. The interconnections and interdependence between two individuals Interpersonal Relationships
- 5. Interpersonal communication: the exchange of verbal and nonverbal messages between two people who have a relationship and are influenced by their partner’s messages Interpersonal Relationships (cont.)
- 6. A web of relationships that connect individuals to one another Relational Network
- 7. • Family: A small social group bound by ties of blood, civil contract, and a commitment to care for one another Types of Interpersonal Relationships
- 8. • Friendship: – Close and caring relationship between two people – Perceived as mutually satisfying and beneficial – Offers support, companionship Types of Interpersonal Relationships (cont.)
- 9. • Romantic Relationships: – Include love, or deep affection for and attachment to another person • Love includes eros, ludus, storge, pragma, mania, agape – Include intimacy, or closeness and understanding of a relational partner Types of Interpersonal Relationships (cont.)
- 10. • Online Relationships – Social Information Processing Theory argues that virtual relationships are as close as face-to-face relationships. – Hyperpersonal communication: online communication that is even more intimate than face-to-face – Include friendships, romances, business relationships, group memberships Types of Interpersonal Relationships (cont.)
- 11. • Functions of relationships – Companionship (inclusion) – Stimulation – Goal achievement • Interpersonal attraction – Proximity (nearness) – Physical attraction – Similarity Why We Form Relationships
- 12. • Costs and rewards – Social exchange theory balances advantages and disadvantages – Rewards • Extrinsic (external advantages) • Instrumental (shared resources) • Intrinsic (personal satisfaction) – Costs • Cause stress or annoyance Managing Relationship Dynamics
- 13. • Reducing uncertainty – Uncertainty reduction theory: People need information to become closer or separate. • Passive strategies include observing and monitoring. • Active strategies involve checking with a third party. • Interactive strategies involve asking the person for information. Managing Relationship Dynamics (cont.)
- 14. • Dialectical tensions: contradictory feelings that tug at every relationship – Relational dialectics theory • Autonomy vs. Connection • Openness vs. Closedness • Predictability vs. Novelty Managing Relationship Dynamics (cont.)
- 15. • Social penetration theory (SPT): How relationships move from superficial levels to levels of intimacy Self-Disclosure and Relationships
- 16. • Communication privacy management theory (CPM): – We own private information. – We control that information. – Boundary turbulence is a threat to privacy boundaries. Self-Disclosure and Relationships (cont.)
- 17. • Strategic topic avoidance: – Maneuvering the conversation away from undesirable topics because of potential for embarrassment, vulnerability, or relational decline Self-Disclosure and Relationships (cont.)
- 19. • Initiating stage: – Make contact with another person. – Many relationships don’t move beyond this stage. Stages of a Relationship (cont.)
- 20. • Exploratory stage: – Small talk to obtain superficial information – Uncertainty reduction Stages of a Relationship (cont.)
- 21. • Intensification stage: – Personal self- disclosure – Share affection verbally – Pet names Stages of a Relationship (cont.)
- 22. • Stable stage: – Integrating or becoming one – Bonding by sharing public messages about the relationship Stages of a Relationship (cont.)
- 23. • Declining stage: – Uncertainty events • Interference • Unmet expectations – Relationship Repair • Repair tactics Stages of a Relationship (cont.)
- 24. • Termination stage: – Passing away • Relationship gradually fades – Sudden death • Unexpected termination for one partner Stages of a Relationship (cont.)
- 25. • Reconciliation: – Spontaneous development – Third-party mediation – High affect – Tacit persistence – Mutual interaction – Avoidance Stages of a Relationship (cont.)