Report on foundation of education

EDUCATION AND
PHILIPPINE
CULTURAL VALUES
 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPROVEMENT
 UTANG NA LOOB
 PERSONALISM
 OTHER CHARACTERISTIC OF FILIPINO VALUES AND ORIENTATION
* INDOLENCE
* NINGAS COGON
* MAŃANA HABIT (BAHALA NA ATTITUDE)
* HOSPITALITY
* FIESTA SYNDROME

OBJECTIVES:
 TO RECOGNIZE AND HAVE DEEPER UNDERSTANDING ON
THE DIFFERENT CULTURAL VALUES OF FILIPINO PEOPLE.
 TO IDENTIFY THE DESIRABLE CULTURAL VALUES TO BE
DEVELOPED AND STRENGTHENED IN SCHOOL.

Introduction
As we know, it is imperative that we obtain a deep
awareness of our native history and society/culture; our
society which embed in the subconscious Filipino mind
within each of us --through our home, church and
school, workplace.-- A culture, our native society's
worldview: the source of our values, attitudes and
behaviors- which has been formed by a complex mix of
geography, still primitive/traditional economic relations,
religion, and long, divisive colonial history.

Economic and Social Improvement
Value
-every family in the Philippines would like to
raise its standard of living and that of his
community
 Political bigwig aims to improve his hometown
above all others.
 The desire for personal success is achieved
through Education
 When a member of a family find success in
business ventures, He finds ways to involve or
employ his kin/relative to share his good fortune
so that they can raise the life standard of their
families and relatives.

Intervention of School/Teachers:
 Teachers should emphasize development of capabilities and merit as
paramount to kinship or influence patronage.
 Teachers should emphasize competence is more desirable than only passing
grades.
 The school should offer training in the needed occupations of the community
to capitalize on the Filipino desire to upgrade their economic conditions.
 School should provide incentives and opportunities.

Utang na Loob: Infinite Responsibility
-- sense of gratitude/reciprocity
Pagtanaw is the unending gratitude but this is not enough because
the responsibility to others does not end since pagpapakatao has
no limits, same with pakikipagkapwa-tao.
=Certain Utang na loob which cannot be repaid in
kind and must remain outstanding throughout life:
 We owe our lives to our parents
 If a man saved the life of another
 If someone is responsible for providing a much needed job
 If someone saved ones reputation from being tarnish

Two aspects of Utang na Loob:
Positive Aspect
 it can strengthen cooperation and
loyalty
Negative Aspect
 During Election, it can hamper the
process of democracy and thwart
the true will of the people.
 Can cause of graft and corruption.
In Classroom situation, teachers should encourage the positive aspects and through
given Activities and program in school thru dramatization of its negative aspect, students
Have the right perspective and reference in their adult relationship.

Personalism
-- emphasizes the importance of the person with whom
one has immediate face to face contact over the abstract
rule of law or the common good.
--Filipinos view the world in terms of personal
relationships; no separation between an objective task
and emotional involvement
Personalism is manifested in practice
such as:
 pakiusap (request)
 lagay o areglo (fixing)
 palakasan (use of power and influence)
 nepotism
 favoritism

Nepotism- is the employment of relatives to
share an individual’s good fortune.

Indolence
-inclination to laziness and lacking of ambition and initiative.
a casual and relaxed attitude towards time and space which
manifests itself in lack of precision and compulsiveness, in poor
time management
Jose Rizal refuted this charge and explained that
this perception came about because:
1.To work hard in the hot Philippines climate is unhealthy.
2.The flourishing precolonial Filipino industries proved that
they are not lazy ; rather the Spanish forced labor closed
down these industries.
3.The Filipino learned gambling mostly from Spaniards.
4. The Spaniards kept the Filipino down in educational
ladder, a way of discouraging Filipino ambition(Pilar, 1981:
148)

Gelia Castillo and other social researchers debunked the
idea of laziness among Filipinos because:
1. The farmers start work long before daybreak and rest during siesta hours to
avoid the noonday heat of the sun.
2. The farmer is discouraged from planting secondary crops and undertaking
backyard gardening because the landlord s take the produce, leaving almost
nothing for the farmer to enjoy.
3. The farmer are accused of resistant to change because they do not easily
innovate. This is not true, they just wait and see and evaluate if the amount
of money and labor is commensurate with the increase in the yield if they
follow the new techniques; otherwise, they would stick to the age-old
methods used by their fathers and grandfathers before them.

Ningas Cogon
starting out projects
with full vigor and
interest which
abruptly die down
leaving things
unfinished

Underlying Cause involve:
1. The desire to please and be socially accepted.
2. The charisma and Personality of the Leader
3. Personalism- where the group approved the project because of personal
relationship with the proponents.
4. To avoid confrontation and open disagreement which might produce rift in the
relationship of the people in the group.

Report on foundation of education

MAŇANA HABIT- is a term of Spanish origin which
means procrastination, to put off for tomorrow
what can be done today. It has an element of
fatalism and its linked to bahala na attitude.
Fatalism- - expresses the bahala na attitude which
means leaving matters as they are because nature
will take its course.
It is believing that life depend on:
 Swerte or buenas (good luck)
 Tadhana (decried by fate)
 Malas (bad luck)
 BAHALA

“BAHALA NA” attitude
is an expression which expresses that fatalistic outlook of
the Filipino. It happens when one simply resigns to the
consequences of life’s difficulties
Expression which reflected Bahala na Attitude:
 iginuhit ng tadhana (decried by fate)
 malas (bad luck)
 swerte (good luck)
 gulong ng palad (life’s ups and downs)
 tsamba (undeserved success brought about by luck)
“In every positive way, bahala na is what makes people
move, take risks and plan for the future” (Panopio & Rolda,
2000).

Hospitality= a welcome attitude(bukas loob
na pagtanggap)
- Filipinos welcome their visitors with warmth and
enthusiasm often inviting themto their homes to share
whatever they have to offer, sometimes to the extent of
depriving themselves of necessities just to please the guests.
- To most Filipinos, this means to promote goodwill(
“pakikisama”) and cooperation especially if the guests are of
high status, whose presence raises the social status of the
host.

Fiesta Syndrome
important occasions celebrated by Filipino
families such as baptism, confirmation of a
child, marriage, birthday and feast of the
Patron of Saint
Important Purpose of
Celebrations:
 Strengthen family loyalty and solidarity
 Serve to acquire new friends and allies.
 Heal individual animosities and
misunderstanding.
 Serve to re-establish and strengthen the
power structure
 Serve as new affluence for status of host
group.

Achieving Cultural Synthesis:
Philippine culture is in transition and the traditional values are
continually challenged by modernization and the complexity of
life today.
Factors in synthesizing Cultural Norms and values:
1. Society
2. Business and Industry
3. Family
4. School

Culture change can achieved through
Accident and Diffusion Direction
• Larger group
• Whole of society
• School
• Teachers can do a lot to direct the
trend of culture change by teaching
the right value to the student whose
minds are still malleable and
teachable.

Conclusion:
 Every nation has its own various values, and the Philippines is no
exception. Even if we were colonized by several colonizers, many
values from our ancestors remained essential up to this moment.
Majority of the Philippine population is bound together by common
values.
 Values give purpose and direction to the lives of people within the
society. It gives meaning and significance to their life and to the
totality of the society. These are standards on how one actually acts
or behaves according to what is being conform him to do so
 In the context of education, the negative impacts that are brought by
those values can slowly corrected by the teachers in order to preserve
those standards and for the benefits of the young ones. Teachers are
set to be good exemplars on how to showcase our cultural values with
positive impacts to ourselves and to other people.

References:
Bustos, A.S.& Espiritu, S.C. (1996) Psychological, anthropological and
sociological foundations of education(revised edition II). Quezon City. Katha
Publishing Co. Inc.

Report on foundation of education

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