Reporting section 2 unit 4
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White collar crime, a term coined by Edwin Sutherland in 1939, refers to crimes committed by respectable individuals in their professional capacity, categorized into occupational and organizational crimes. In India, it is prevalent among politicians, bureaucrats, and businessmen, involving activities like tax evasion and food adulteration, which pose significant threats to economic stability. Despite the existence of various laws and measures to combat these crimes, offenders often escape punishment due to their connections and the ineffectiveness of enforcement agencies.
Reporting section 2 unit 4
- 1. SECTION -2 UNIT 4 WHITE COLLAR CRIME-TERM COINED-EDWIN SUTHERLAND 1939 SHATTERED STEREO TYPE IMAGE OF CRIMINALS CRIME COMMITED BY RESPECTABLES HIGH SOCIAL CLASS VIOLATES LAW IN COURSE OF PROFESSION
- 2. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • TWO CATEGORIES- • OCCUPATIONAL CRIME • ORGANISATIONAL CRIME • BLUE COLLAR CRIME-VANDALISM/ SHOPLIFTING • USE OF PHYSICAL FORCE
- 3. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • POPULAR TYPES- • BANK FRAUD • BLACK MAIL • BRIBERY • EMBEZZLEMENT-APPROPRIATES MONEY • COUNTERFEIT-COPIES • FORGERY • TAX EVASION
- 4. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • POPULAR TYPES • ADULTERATION • PROFFESIONAL CRIME • WHITE COLLAR CRIME-IN INDIA • LOWER STRATA-INTHEIR OCCUPATIONAL CAPACITY • ADULTERATION OF MILK • ADULTERATION OF FOOD
- 5. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • IN INDIA- • TRIO-POLITICIANS, BUREAUCRATS,BUSSINESSMEN • ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM –CORRUPTED • BUSINESSMEN-TAX EVASION • TAX AVOIDANCE • VIOLATION OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE
- 6. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • IN INDIA- • TRADERS- • ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES- • HOARDING,PROFITEERING,BLACKMARKETING • FOOD ADULTERATION • SELLING EXPIRED MEDICINES
- 7. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • IN INDIA- • MORE DANGEROUSTHAN STREET CRIME • HAMPERS ECONOMIC WELFARE • THEFT &BUGLARY AVERAGE RS 5000/- • EMBEZZLEMENT &FRAUDS OF CRORES • NO ECONOMIC STABILITY • DEVASTATE COUNTRY • IMPACT FOR YEARS
- 8. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • LARGE NO. OF SCAMS UNEARTHED- • SECURITY SCAM • HAWALA CASE • STAMP SCAM • TELE COMMUNICATION SCAM • FODDER SCAM • SUGAR SCAM
- 9. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • MEASURES TAKEN- • ESSENTIAL COMMODITY ACT,1955 • INDUSTRIAL (DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION) ACT,1957 • IMPORT &EXPORT CONTRL ACT,1947 • FOREIGN EXCHANGE REGULATION ACT,1973 • INCOME TAX ACT,1961 • CUSTOMS ACT,1962 • ANTICORRUPTION LAWS ACT,1964
- 10. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • WHY OFFENDERS GO UNPUNISHED- • LEGISLATORS & LAW IMPLEMENTORS IN SAME GROUP • LESS POLICE EFFORTS • FAVOURABLE LAWS • LESS IMPACT ON INDIVISUALS
- 11. WHITE COLLAR CRIME • STRENGTHNING OF ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES- • CBI • ENFORCEMENT DIRECTORATE • INCOME TAX DEPT. • CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT • THE DIRECTORATE OF REVENUE INTELLIGENCE • SPEEDY TRIAL • VIGIL ON TOP RANKING OFFICERS