Research Methodology for learning concepts
- 1. Research Methodology DR. NAVODITA JAMWAL ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY
- 2. Contents Definition Purpose Categories
- 3. Definition Research “is the continual search for truth using the scientific method”
- 4. Problem in need of solution Collection of data Organization, classification and analysis Use of reasoning and statistical analysis Conclusion or solution
- 5. Purpose of Oral Health To promote the oral health of the public by improving education, service, practice and delivery To contribute new knowledge or reevaluate current knowledge to improve all phases of oral health care To improve the techniques and practices of identifying, preventing and treating oral diseases in individuals and in groups
- 6. To develop and test theories related to oral health care and oral disease processes To identify and solve problems indigenous to advancement, decision making and change in oral health care delivery.
- 7. Categories of Research 1. BASIC AND APPLIED - Basic:- usually considered to involve a search for knowledge without a defined goal of utility or specific purpose - Information that adds to the already existing knowledge - Applied research:- problem- oriented, directed towards solution of existing problem
- 8. 2. EMPIRICAL AND THEORECTICAL RESEARCH Empirical: Relies on experience or observation alone. It is data based research, which comes up with conclusions capable of being verified by observation or experiment. E.g. depends upon systematic collection of observations on the health-related phenomena of interest in defined populations Theoretical: system of beliefs and assumptions, inspired by real-world phenomena, in the prevention of events harmful to the general welfare of the population of interest
- 9. 3. Quantitative or Qualitative – complementary to each other Quantitative- numeric, counting and calculation of numbers in the relation to subjects under study Qualitative- interviews, to elicit facts and opinions which cannot be measured quantitively, problem statement or hypothesis
- 10. 4. Health Research Triangle A. Biomedical research – process at cellular level B. Health services research – issues in the environment surrounding man C. Behavioural research – interaction of man and the environment in manner reflecting beliefs, attitudes and practices in the society
- 11. 5. Other categories a. Conceptual Research- abstract idea or theory, used to developed new concepts or to reinterpret the existing one b. Field-setting research or laboratory research- field & laboratory c. Multidisciplinary – more than one discipline d. Big science – large-scale scientific research funded by government bodies