RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-2.ppt
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The document discusses the mechanics of respiration, including the roles of primary and accessory muscles in the respiratory process. It explains gas exchange in the lungs, detailing how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported between the atmosphere, alveoli, blood, and tissues. Additionally, the document covers various forms of gases as they are carried in the blood, emphasizing the significance of hemoglobin.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-2.ppt
- 1. 1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Dr. ANIKET A. SHILWANT Associate Professor Dept. of Sharir Kriya Noble Ayurved College & Research Institute Junagadh, Gujarat
- 2. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 2 Table of Contents Mechanics of Respiration Exchange of Gases Transport of Gases
- 3. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 3 Mechanics of Respiration Respiration process is assisted by muscles Muscles involved-2types 1) Primary 2) Accessory 1) Primary muscles- Which actually involve in change of shape of thoracic cage 2) Accessory muscles-Which assist or support the primary muscles in their function Muscles involved -2types a) Inspiratory b) Expiratory i. Inspiratory Primary M ii. Inspiratory Accessory M iii. Expiratory Primary M iv. Expiratory Accessory M
- 4. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 4 Lungs expands with expansion of thoracic cage. This is supported by – 1) Thoracic lid 2) Upper coastal series 3) Lower coastal series 4) Diaphragm Thoracic cage expands in – 1) Anteroposterior diameter 2) Transverse diameter 3) Vertical diameter Mechanics of Respiration
- 5. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 5 1) Thoracic lid a) Formed by manubrium and Ist pair of ribs b) Also known as Thoracic Operculum c) Movement direction-Forward, Upward d) Thoracic cage expansion – Anteroposterior diameter 2) Upper coastal series a) Formed by IInd to VIth pair of ribs b) Movement direction- Pump handle movement Forward, Upward Thoracic cage expansion-Antero-posterior diameter Mechanics of Respiration
- 6. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 6 Bucket handle movement Upward, Outward Thoracic cage expansion-Transverse diameter 3) Lower coastal series a) Formed by-VIIth to Xth pair of ribs b) Movement direction-Upward, Outward c) Thoracic cage expansion-Transverse diameter 4) Diaphragm a) Initially dome shaped b) Inspiration-gets flattened c) Thoracic cage expansion-Vertical diameter d) Expiration-gets curved, convex shape Mechanics of Respiration
- 7. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 7 Exchange of gases Exchange of gases- O2 -----IN CO2----OUT Method-Bulk diffusion ATMOSPHERE ALVEOLI BLOOD TISSUES TISSUES BLOOD ALVEOLI ATMOSPHERE CO2 O2
- 8. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 8 Exchange of gases at alveolar level Circulation of oxygenated blood throughout body Exchange of gases
- 9. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 9 Exchange of gases
- 10. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 10 Exchange of gases= Oxygen pO2=159mm of Hg ATM pO2=104mm of Hg ALVEOLI pO2=95mm of Hg SYS.ARTERY Po2=40mm of Hg TISSUES pO2=40mm of Hg PUL.CAPILLARY
- 11. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 11 Exchange of gases=Carbon Dioxide pCO2=46mm of Hg TISSUES pCO2=40mm of Hg SYS.CAPILLARY pCO2=40mm of Hg ALVEOLI pCO2=0.3mm of Hg ATM pCO2=46mm of Hg VEINS
- 12. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 12 Transport of gases Oxygen 1) Simple physical form 2) Oxyhemoglobin Simple physical form Freely suspended in blood Travels through plasma Very minimal amount 0.3ml/100ml accounts to only 3% of total oxygen
- 13. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 13 Oxy- hemoglobin form Readily combines with hemoglobin in RBC Specific affinity of hemoglobin towards oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide Studied via oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve Transport of gases
- 14. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 14 Carbon dioxide 1) Simple physical form 2) Carbonic acid form 3) Bicarbonate form 4) Carbamino compounds Simple physical form Freely suspended in blood Travels through plasma Very small amount 3ml/100ml accounts to only 7% of total oxygen Transport of gases
- 15. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 15 Carbonic acid form Very negligible amount Highly unstable Easily dissociated Bicarbonate form Carbonic acid almost 200times more in RBC than other cells or plasma Chloride shift / Hamburger phenomenon Reverse chloride shift CO2+H20-----H2CO3---H+ + HCO3- H+ + Hb----HHb NaCl----Na + Cl Cl(ECF) Chloride Shift HCO3(RBC) Na+ HCO3- ----- NaHCO3 Transport of gases
- 16. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 16 Carbamino compounds Hemoglobin readily attaches with carbon dioxide, plasma proteins Forms Carbamino hemoglobin and Carbamino proteins Transport of gases
- 17. Dr.Aniket A Shilwant 17 Dr. ANIKET A. SHILWANT Associate Professor Dept. of Sharir Kriya Noble Ayurved College & Research Institute Junagadh, Gujarat ayuraniket18@gmail.com aniket.shilwant@ngivbt.edu.in THANK YOU !!!
Editor's Notes
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