Rethinking Multi-Agent Systems for the World-Wide Web
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The document discusses rethinking multi-agent systems (MAS) in relation to the World Wide Web, emphasizing the need to design autonomous clients that can navigate hypermedia effectively. It argues for the alignment of MAS with web architecture to enhance transparency and accountability in socio-technical systems. The research aims to develop a new class of hypermedia MAS that leverage the web's properties for better interaction and goal achievement.
![aDecentWeb
17.01.2020
Page 7 MAS – More Than Just Agents
Environment dimension [Weyns et al., 2007]
– workshop series: Environment for Multiagent
Systems (E4MAS)
Organization dimension [Boissier et al., 2006]
– workshop series: Coordination, Organizations,
Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems (COIN)
Environment
Dimension
External
Environment
Agent
Dimension
Organization
Dimension
JaCaMo meta-model [Boissier et al., 2013]
D. Weyns et al. Environment as a first class abstraction in multiagent systems. Autonomous Agents Multi-Agent Systems 14, 5–30, 2007.
O. Boissier et al., eds. Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Multi-Agent Systems. Vol. 3913. Springer, 2006.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/andreiciorteaadecentwebclean-200119111108/85/Rethinking-Multi-Agent-Systems-for-the-World-Wide-Web-7-320.jpg)
![aDecentWeb
17.01.2020
Page 10 Hypermedia Multi-Agent Systems
Distributed hypermedia environment
PUT [lightbulb_IRI]
[intended state]
200 Ok
Socio-technical systems composed of people and autonomous agents situated and interacting in a
shared hypermedia environment that is distributed across the open Web.
– agents navigate and use the distributed hypermedia environment in pursuit of their goals
Ciortea et al: A Decade in Hindsight: The Missing Bridge Between Multi-Agent Systems and the World Wide Web, AAMAS 2019](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/andreiciorteaadecentwebclean-200119111108/85/Rethinking-Multi-Agent-Systems-for-the-World-Wide-Web-10-320.jpg)
Rethinking Multi-Agent Systems for the World-Wide Web
- 1. Rethinking Multi-Agent Systems for the World Wide Web Andrei Ciortea Interaction- and Communication-based Systems, University of St. Gallen Wimmics, Inria, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, I3S aDecentWeb | Jan 17, 2020
- 2. “(...) in fact documents on the web describe real objects and imaginary concepts, and give particular relationships between them. (...) This means that machines, as well as operating on the web information, can do real things.” Sir Tim Berners-Lee, WWW 1994 https://www.w3.org/Talks/WWW94Tim/
- 3. Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, Ora Lassila. Scientific American, 2001 “The rest of the ideas in that article are now seeing widespread deployment, but I ask again: where are all the agents?” James Hendler, IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2007 “Once dynamic and open systems become the norm, they’ll need to adopt agent technologies as fundamental.” Peter McBurney and Michael Luck, IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2007
- 4. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 4 How can we design autonomous clients able to achieve their tasks by navigating the hypermedia and deciding among the various options presented to them at run time? - research on Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) already provides solutions to design, program, debug, monitor, regulate, and coordinate such autonomous clients Example: The W3C Web of Things Ideally: arrive-and-operate Matthias Kovatsch et al. (eds.), Web of Things (WoT) Architecture, W3C Candidate Recommendation, 2019
- 5. AAMAS 2019
- 6. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 6 MAS – More Than Just Agents What about the Web? The Web as a transport layer in MAS - WS-* standards (SOAP, WSDL, etc.) - FIPA Agent Message Transport Protocol for HTTP (http://www.fipa.org/specs/fipa00084/SC00084F.html) MAS remain outside of the Web and are misaligned with the Web architecture.
- 7. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 7 MAS – More Than Just Agents Environment dimension [Weyns et al., 2007] – workshop series: Environment for Multiagent Systems (E4MAS) Organization dimension [Boissier et al., 2006] – workshop series: Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Agent Systems (COIN) Environment Dimension External Environment Agent Dimension Organization Dimension JaCaMo meta-model [Boissier et al., 2013] D. Weyns et al. Environment as a first class abstraction in multiagent systems. Autonomous Agents Multi-Agent Systems 14, 5–30, 2007. O. Boissier et al., eds. Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, and Norms in Multi-Agent Systems. Vol. 3913. Springer, 2006.
- 8. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 8 Rethinking Multi-Agent Systems for the Web To define a new class of MAS designed for the Web that are: • aligned with the Web architecture to inherit the properties of the Web as an Internet-scale, open, and long-lived system; • transparent and accountable to support acceptance by people. Research Objective
- 9. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 9 May 13, San Francisco, CA Andrei Ciortea, Simon Mayer, Fabien Gandon, Olivier Boissier First Workshop on Hypermedia Multi-Agent Systems in conjunction with @hyperagents Weaving a Web for People and Artificial Agentshttp://hyperagents.org/
- 10. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 10 Hypermedia Multi-Agent Systems Distributed hypermedia environment PUT [lightbulb_IRI] [intended state] 200 Ok Socio-technical systems composed of people and autonomous agents situated and interacting in a shared hypermedia environment that is distributed across the open Web. – agents navigate and use the distributed hypermedia environment in pursuit of their goals Ciortea et al: A Decade in Hindsight: The Missing Bridge Between Multi-Agent Systems and the World Wide Web, AAMAS 2019
- 11. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 11 Hypermedia Multi-Agent Systems Affordances: Turn On / Off Change color Org. Spec. Init. propose reject Part. Interaction Prot. Spec. Policies Distributed hypermedia environment Ciortea et al.: Engineering World-Wide Multi-Agent Systems with Hypermedia, EMAS 2018 Socio-technical systems composed of people and autonomous agents situated and interacting in a shared hypermedia environment that is distributed across the open Web. – agents navigate and use the distributed hypermedia environment in pursuit of their goals – core idea: the environment uses hypermedia to drive interaction in the MAS
- 12. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 12 Architectural style for Hypermedia MAS Interaction as a first-class abstraction on the Web Regulation as a first-class abstraction on the Web Research Challenges Simon Andrei Danai
- 13. aDecentWeb 17.01.2020 Page 13 Simon Mayer (University of St. Gallen) Olivier Boissier, Antoine Zimmermann (MINES Saint-Étienne) Fabien Gandon (Inria, Université Côte d‘Azur, CNRS, I3S) Alessandro Ricci (University of Bologna) Literature A. Ciortea, S. Mayer, F. Gandon, O. Boissier, A. Ricci, A. Zimmermann: A Decade in Hindsight: The Missing Bridge Between Multi-Agent Systems and the World Wide Web, AAMAS 2019 A. Ciortea, O. Boissier, A. Ricci: Engineering World-Wide Multi-Agent Systems with Hypermedia, EMAS 2018 A. Ciortea, S. Mayer, F. Michahelles: Repurposing Manufacturing Lines On-the-fly with MAS for the WoT, AAMAS 2018 A. Ciortea, S. Mayer, F. Gandon, O. Boissier, A. Ricci, A. Zimmermann: Exploiting Interaction Affordances: On Engineering Autonomous Systems for the Web of Things, Second W3C WoT Workshop, 2019 Credits Thank you! andrei.ciortea@unisg.ch http://andreiciortea.ro @andreiciortea