Retractable systems
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The document discusses retractable systems in contemporary architecture, highlighting their use in various buildings like residences, stadiums, and restaurants to enhance open-air experiences. It details materials, mechanisms, and benefits such as protection from weather and improved ventilation, as well as examples of notable retractable roofs and seating systems in sports venues. The document concludes with the advantages of these systems in maximizing space utilization and maintaining comfortable environments.
Retractable systems
- 1. RETRACTABLE SYSTEMS CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE Presented by: Sahabaz, Shadab & Nihal Recreational Architecture Ist Semester
- 2. RETRACTABLE SYSTEMS RETRACTABLE means something able to be pulled backwards or inwards. It can also be referred as MOVABLE or SLIDING. APPLICATIONS It is used in different type of buildings like residences, sport stadiums, swim centre, restaurants etc. Places where we wish to provide an open-air experience at the push of a button. Retractable Roof in pool Folding Roof in restaurant Retractable Seating Retractable Walls Office Space
- 3. RETRACTABLE SYSTEMS IN RESIDENCE • The material used is aluminum (light weight, strong, non-rustic) • Polycarbonate (PC) sheets. • tempered glass • silent motors. • rain sensors, wind sensors & timers • Creates Desirable Outdoor • Used to cover the patios, decks, swimming pools etc. • Protects furnishings from fading outdoors and indoors. • Block sunlight entering the room • Retractable Skylights open up for maximum fresh air, circulation, and unmatched views.
- 4. RETRACTABLE SYSTEMS IN STADIUMS RETRACTABLE PARTS OF STADIUMS: Retractable Field The retractable field is also known as a mobile pitch and movable grass pitch. The introduction of a sliding pitch to the stadium design is a key element in accommodating both sports within the venue. A Retractable grass field • When the pitch is rolled outside, a clean, flat surface is exposed, which can be utilized for trade shows, motor sporting events, concerts etc . • Turning a sports stadium into an event center can involve a long, complex process of removing pieces of a playing field or covering up the field entirely. A retractable field not only stores the field in an ideal location, but turns a lengthy process into a simple and cost-effective automated motion.
- 5. A natural grass playing field requires high-energy light and water to grow attractively. An indoor, closed-atmosphere stadium can certainly house a natural field, but the benefits of an outdoor atmosphere are still unbeatable. With the capability to move an entire field outside, a facility owner can take even greater pride in the look of the natural field. COMPONENTS: FOR RETRACTABLE MECHANIZED PART: • Rail erection stool • Tracks • Concrete bed • Girders • Wheel box • Motor • Corrugated steel • Concrete slab FOR NATURAL GRASS PITCH: • Plastic drainage mat • Geotextile fabric • Soil • Irrigation pipes • Natural turf
- 7. RETRACTABLE ROOF operable roofs or retractable skylights. Used in buildings •Residences •Sport stadiums •Restaurants •Swim centres In this method whole roof can be moved or drawn back within a short time. Roofing Materials of Retractable Roof Structures - •Glass •Polycarbonate •EthyleneTetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) •Photovoltaic Pittsburgh civic arena was the first stadium with retractable roof structure which inaugurated in 1961 in United States. Implementation of such structures is costly,it can be inferred that United Statesis the first country that achieved these difficult and complicated structural systems Dallas cowboy Stadium Atlanta Stadium
- 8. Roof designed with tracks so as to convert any interior space into outdoor space. These roof can be used in residences , bars, swim centres, etc. to provide open air experience. Some specifications such as flexibility, beautification, and authentication have made suitable this kind of construction for the wide span roof stadiums. According to this, the most important view point in these special projects is how to cover the wide span open roofs. Therefore, identification of structural systems used in these stadiums is important. Singapore National Stadium
- 10. TYPES OF RETRACTABLE ROOFS IN STADIUMS: • Sliding and over lapping • Umbrella • Fan Shapes • Accordion Sky Dome Toronto (Sliding & Overlapping) Millers Park (Fan Shaped) Wimbledon Central Court (Accordian)BC Place Canada (Umbrella) Retractable roofs are normally composed of rigid, steel moving panels. Panels consist of large steel trusses and are powered by large, mechanical drive systems. Retractable roofs can move in a variety of directions, including vertical, horizontal, parallel, fan-shaped revolving and central revolving. There also different types of retractions, including overlapping, stacking and folding, and roofs can be divided into any number of sections.
- 11. SLIDING - RETRACTABLE ROOFS : Steel lattice of the movable roof structure slides along two main transverse beams by means of wheels and electric motors. With movement of the roof elements the entire playing field opens up, while stands remain under the fixed part of the roof. The stadium or industrial buildings commonly use 2-D panels roofs composed of steel frames with a covering material as the structural system for their retractable roof. Atlanta stadium (with 8-sided retractable roof) Source: www.designboom.com/architecture/new-atlanta-stadium Source: www.designboom.com/architecture/new-atlanta-stadium The roof of the covered stadium is composed of two or more movable elements, which are moved horizontally in the transverse direction of the building.
- 12. Bank One Ballpark, Phoenix, Arizona The structure was designed to allow for large open concourses to increase fan comfort. Generally, roofs for stadiums and industrial buildings have some curvature, either arch like or dome shaped. The roof has eight panels-two being fixed and six able to move. Each half of the roof can move independently and is cable- driven using gantry crane technology. The six telescoping panels consist of trusses fitted with multi- wheeled bogies at each end, and can be retracted in 4 1/2 minutes, revealing a 5.3-acre opening to the sky. Each panel is supported by the panel beneath it and moves on a steel wheel guide roller arrangement. SLIDING & OVERLAPPING - RETRACTABLE ROOFS : Source: www.ballparks.com Source: www.pinterest.com
- 13. SLIDING & OVERLAPPING - RETRACTABLE ROOFS : Conceptual 3D Form: The computer control system adjusts the roof opening in a fashion similar to that of a camera aperture for the angle of the sun, allowing the maximum amount of light on the field and the least on the seats to reduce heat gain. The six, 800-ton panels are pulled by four miles of steel cable attached to two gear boxes and two 200 horsepower electric motors. To reduce the weight of the roof and its effect on the drive mechanism, high-strength steel (65ksi) was used in the roof trusses. This type of Panel systems are commonly used for large roof areas, typically in the range of 5,000 m2 to as much as 50,000 m2
- 14. Source: “Clark Construction” - www.clarkconstruction.com/our-work Source: “The Chicago Curve” - http://www.cmrp.com/blog/ Miller Park in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, with its fan-shaped retraction and unique geometry, required a great deal of wind load studies. Roof also had to be designed with particular attention paid to snow loading and the various patterns it could take FAN SHAPED – RETRACTABLE ROOFS : Miller Park, with a fan style roof The total roof span is covered using 8 panels, where 2 panels are fixed on the either side and other 6 panels are movable or sliding. The steel panels rotate around a hinge located at the front of the stadium, behind home plate. The result is a dynamic, fan-shaped retraction that opens up from center field out until all panels are stacked above seating areas along the baselines.
- 15. WORKING-Common concept on which almost all retractable roof work Roofing Panels are adjusted over carriers (steel trusses) and these carriers roll over the steel rails which are powered by DC motors. Thrust releasing mechanism is integrated into retractable roof stadiums or we can say that it works on thrust releasing mechanism. Thrust is a force which drags the machine. The best example of thrust is the movement of aircraft. Minute Maid Park, Houston:
- 17. RETRACTABLE SEATING SYSTEMS Retractable seating systems are tiers of seating that fold away in to a space the depth of a single row. They are most commonly used in multipurpose spaces wheres eating is not always required, and can be designed to be stored in situ or in a separate location. Retractable Seating in Basketball court Retractable Seats
- 18. Applications: Materials used • Seat framesare manufactured from steel, which is then galvanized or thermoplastic- coated to provide protection against corrosion and wear • To many existing venues are evolving into multipurpose environments. Its no longer financially viable for a venue to cater to one event type, and they must be to accommodate concerts, conventions and seminars, as well as different types of sporting events through out the year.
- 19. FUNCTIONAL OPTIONS Opening, AND closing functions • Manual opening, which is ideal for smaller units • Integral power operation, which uses a friction drive operated by an attached pendant or wire less fob • External power trucks, which are used for very large venues with multiple retractable units. Retracted SeatsUnretracted Seats Retracted SeatsUnretracted Seats
- 20. ROGERS CENTRE • Location: Toronto ,Canada. • Previously known as The Toronto Sky Dome. • Used for baseball and has the capacity for as many as 54,000 fans. • The roof opens in 21 minutes and the stadium is 91% exposed. • The roof structure area is 32,374 m2. • Roof is composed of four steel-framed dome shaped shells, which rest on a reinforced concrete base. • Roof is covered by 1.2 mm woven polyester reinforced white PVC membrane. ROGERS CENTRE
- 21. Plenary Hall of Hyderabad international Convention Center Some example in India : Retractable system used in Indian Residences
- 22. Why limited use in India? Retractable roof that can cover the stadium and protect it from rainfall so that precious time can be saved and along with it but… • it is not economical. • there wont be any impact of Moisture and weather on the Pitch and henceforth impact of bowlers will be lost • Stadium is not always completely filled with a full crowd. CONCLUSION: •An entire playing field moved to enhance the utilization of a stadium as well as the life of the field itself. •Retractable roof system are very useful in maintaining comfortable temperature in buildings. •A retractable roof system protects outdoor areas and help the owners to enjoy the outdoors all year without worrying about the weather
- 23. SOME MAJOR MANUFACTORING COMPANIES UNI-SYSTEMS, Minneapolis,United States Bosch Rexroth, USA VAHLE Moog Industrial Group Avant, china
- 25. THANK YOU