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Research	for	Environmental	Agencies	and	Organizations

A	class	that	connects	students	to	work	on	real	world	problems		

Rick	Reibstein,	Dept.	of	Earth	and	Environment,	Boston	University

Graphic	from	http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2019/07/Community-Scale-
Greenhouse-Gas-Accounting-Methodologies-1.pptx	
a	report	to	the	Cape	(Cod)	and	Vineyard	Electric	Cooperative	on	

Carbon	Accounting	Methodologies
A	few	things	students	have	done
• Presented	to	the	staff	of	the	joint	legislative	committee	at	the	
State	House	concerned	with	energy	on	the	potential	to	provide	
thousands	of	homes	with	energy	using	community	solar	at	
contaminated	sites.		With	legislative	changes	1,742	Gigawatt	
hours	per	year	could	be	developed.
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2009/11/What-Community-Solar-Can-Do-BU-April-2018-1.pdf	
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2009/11/Community-Solar-on-Waste-Sites-in-EJ-Communities-Presentation-1.pdf
Subsequent	students	expanded	on	the	idea
• For	a	composting	cooperative	contemplating	operations	at	a	brownfield	(and	using	
community	solar

as	well)	students

explained	the	process,	

options	for	proceeding,

available	services	and	

subsidies.	
	
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/
2019/01/Comm-Solar_Brownfield-
Writeup-1.pdf
Environmental	Justice
Students	drafted	a	sample	ordinance	for	a	
municipality	to	use,	emphasizing	
– Improving	engagement	with	the	community	
– Institutionalizing	reporting	and	accountability	
– Stepping	up	environmental	evaluations	of	existing	
conditions	to	enable	assessing	cumulative	impacts	
– They	presented	at	EPA	and	their	work	was	presented	to	a	
meeting	of	the	National	Environmental	Justice	Advisory	
Council.
A	team	prepared	for	the	City	of	Boston	a	report	on	Transforming	
Environmental	Justice	Neighborhoods	into	Green	Communities
• Not	Just	De-Browning	but	Greening
www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2019/01/Transforming-EJ-Neighborhoods-into-Green-Communities.pdf

http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2018/12/Environmental-Justice-Neighborhoods-1.pptx
Subsequent	students	followed	up	by	thinking	about	what	to	do	if	the	city

succeeded	in	improving	blighted	areas:	what	do	you	do	about	Eco	Gentrification?
They	reported	that	tax	subsidies	to	promote	development	in	
poorer	areas	might	worsen	this	problem	and	described	
neighborhood-led	development	that	would	work	better.
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/
files/2019/06/
EJ_Full_Report-1.docx
Subsequent	student	work	explored	ways	to	
prevent	resident	displacement	
• Community	benefits	agreements	
• Community	land	trusts	
• Local	and	Equitable	Hiring	
• Zoning	and	Permitting	for	Sustainable	
Affordable	Housing	
• Rental	Assistance	Programs	and	Policies	
• Community	Engagement	in	Planning
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2019/07/Empowering-Community-Based-Development.docx
Students	hosted	a	discussion	on	RESIDENT-DRIVEN	
ENVIRONMENTAL	REDEVELOPMENT	and	the	Flow	of	
Tax-Incentivized	Funding	(Spring,	2019)
Many	students	have	analyzed	water	data	-	for	
DEP,	EPA,	a	watershed	coalition
Figure 7 Phosphorus Levels in Dry/Wet Weather Conditions (2007-2017)
The average phosphorus levels of both the ponds and the streams have exceeded the environmental limits.
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2018/12/Water-Quality-Data-Analysis-NRWA.docx
Showing	how	public	data	can	be	put	into	Pivot		
charts	to	see	water	quality	trends
Chloride	at	W0680
Chloride	(mg/L)
0
150
300
450
600
12/23/08 1/30/11 3/8/13 4/15/15 5/22/17
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2018/01/Sample-Count-Pivot-Tool.docx
Finding	problems
http://www.bu.edu/rccp/files/2017/07/Wastewater-Discharge-Presentation-2017.pdf
Several	projects	have	involved	clean	energy
• EVs	-	for	the	STATE		OF	MASS	(Spring,	2018)	
• 	 ● Charging	demand	
- Traffic	convenience	vs	expanding	network	
- Emphasis	on	flow	rather	than	destination	
● Impact	on	transmission	and	distribution	network	strength	
- Real	time	balance	between	power	generation	and	consumption		
● Education	
- Advertisement	
- Sign	consistency	
● Advanced	planning	
- Regulation	and	permitting	
- Communication	with	property	owners	and	city	planners	
- Underground	conduit	and	wiring	inspections		
● Utilize	economic	models	to	help	predict	conditions	(e.g.	ISM,	Bayesian,	
FMICMAC)	
● Analyze	traffic	patterns	and	heat	map	of	traffic	flow
Solar	Canopies
For	the	Leading	by	Example	program	of	the	Massachusetts	Department	of	Energy	
Resources,	students	got	data	and	advice	from	places	and	companies	that	did	it.		
(Fall,	2016)
Recycling	electrical	batteries,	for	a	nonprofit	organization	and	
the	State’s	Environmentally	Preferable	Purchasing	program.
Contract Recycling	Status
Boston	Lawnmower	Company,	
Inc.
Yes	-	Processed	through	Interstate	Batteries,	who	recycles	all	types	of	prominently	used	electric	batteries	
through	Rechargeable	Battery	Recycling	Corp.	Lithium	Ion	batteries	are	converted	into	stainless	steel	and	
material	for	new	batteries[5].
Cason	Equipment Partial	-	"Offer	take	back	through	safe	disposal,	but	not	recycle”	Batteries	are	returned	through	their	battery	
vendor	Northeast	Battery.	Northeast	Battery	recycles	lead,	but	not	lithium	batteries.	
Mean	Green	Products,	LLC No	-	“We	will	take	back	any	batteries,	but	we	do	not	have	a	written	program	[to	recycle]”	
Orlando’s	Garage Yes	-	Processed	through	Interstate	Batteries,	who	recycles	all	types	of	prominently	used	electric	batteries	
through	Rechargeable	Battery	Recycling	Corp.	Lithium	Ion	batteries	are	converted	into	stainless	steel	and	
material	for	new	batteries[5].
Table 1: Contracts of four state vendors for electric batteries
within the Commonwealth of MA [2].
On	sequestering	carbon,	for	the	Executive	
Office	of	Energy	and	Environmental	Affairs
• Tree	retention	(Fall,	2017)	
• Guidebook	(Spring,	2018)
For	Boston	City	Officials
• Urban	greening	
• Energy	efficient	housing	for	low-income	
residences	
• Community	choice	aggregation	–	presented	to	
the	Municipal	Sustainability	and	Energy	Forum	
• Lead	information	sheets	
• Toxicity	comparisons	of	hair	products	
• Needle	management
Along	with	a	literature	search	on	pesticide	toxicity	
students	examined	policy	options	for	the	state
A	continuing	focus	on	LEAD
• 2013	survey	to	states	on	implementation	of	
the	Renovation	Rule	http://www.bu.edu/rccp/lead-project/	
• 2018	survey	of	cities	in	MA	on	lead	in	water	pipes
S	955	in	the	191st	MA	General	Court:	An	Act	
Enhancing	Justice	for	Families	Harmed	by	Lead
• Students	provided	legislative	support,	wrote	
fact	sheet	and	presented	at	a	public	meeting	at	
the	State	House	
• Video:	https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=AxronhtudPU&feature=youtu.be	
• Also	presented	at	MA	Fair	Housing	and	Civil	
Rights	Conference
AND
• 	What	we	know	and	don’t	about	
Nanomaterials
• How	to	improve	town	recycling		
• Mapping	contaminated sites and	chemical
storage	vulnerable to flooding:
	 	 	 CHEMICAL RESILIENCE
CLIENTS	HAVE	INCLUDED:	State,	Local	and	Federal	Government,	
nonprofits	concerned	with	environmental	and	public	health
This	Semester!
• Community	farms,	sustainable	agriculture	
• How	to	help	indigenous	peoples	protect	their	
land	
• Coastal	community	preparedness	for	climate-
change	consequences	
• Increasing	composting	in	Boston	area	
• Lead	in	water	and	products	
• Waste	needle	management
A	student	wrote	to	medical	experts	to	find	out	if	medical	providers	were	being	
taught	in	school	or	on	their	jobs	how	to	identify	when	the	symptoms	they	
reviewed	might	be	caused	by	toxic	exposures.
She	learned	that	there	is	much	to	be	done	about	this.	
There	many	problems	about	which	much	needs	to	be	
done.			
School	is	one	place	where	work	can	take	place.			
It	is	not	the	only	place!		Good	work	can	take	place	
anywhere.		May	you	find	it!

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