SDD Symposium - Bringing Design to Dialogic Design
8 likes4,602 views
This document discusses the intersection of systems thinking and design. It proposes 10 shared design principles derived from systems theories that can guide design practices for complex social systems. These principles include idealization, appreciating complexity, purpose finding, boundary framing, requisite variety, feedback coordination, system ordering, generative emergence, continuous adaptation, and self-organizing. The document maps these principles to both general design methodologies and specific methods used in Dialogic Design. It concludes that these principles can serve to integrate practices across design projects for complex social domains and address some gaps in current approaches.
SDD Symposium - Bringing Design to Dialogic Design
- 1. Bringing Design to Dialogic Design Peter Jones, PhD OCAD University, Toronto Dialogic Design International 2015 International Conference on the Science of Dialogic Design
- 2. 2 Hugh Dubberly & Harold Nelson argue that design processes are embodiments of systems thinking. Banathy (& Gharajedaghi) advocate a designing orientation to social systems as designing.
- 3. 3 Where do design & systems thinking intersect? Based on R. Horn, 2004, Adapted with permission.
- 4. Some context. • Systems science has preferred theories for system description (explanation), prediction (control), & intervention (change). • Contributions of modern design disciplines - industrial, information, service design – to systems are marginal, so far. • “Design” seen as problem solving, or system design. • Social systems design can connect design thinking to complex social domains – healthcare, urban planning, governance. • Which are (now) everything – social, services, networks.
- 5. Peter Jones, PhD OCAD University, Toronto Institute for 21st Century Agoras ISSS 2014 July 31, 2014 Systemic Design Principles for Complex Social Systems
- 6. Design thinking deals well with complexity. Design must become more systemic – for complex concerns. Complex domains have > stakeholders Design 1.0 Craft design, Advertising Design 2.0 Industrial, Products, Web Design 3.0 Organizational & institutional Design 4.0 Distributed social systems Mixed stakeholders
- 7. Compatible philosophies, different generations. Generation: First Second Third Fourth Philosophy Rational 1960’s Pragmatic 1970’s Phenomenological 1980’s Generative 2000’s Methods Movement from craft to standardized methods Instrumentality, Methods customized to context Design research and stakeholder methods Design cognition User-centered Generative, empathic & transdisciplinary Human-centered Authors & trends Simon, Fuller Design Science, Planning Rittel, Jones Wicked problems, Evolution Schon, Don Norman User-centered & Participatory Design Reflective action Dubberly, Sanders Generative Design Service Design Systemic design Systems influences Sciences, OR Cybernetics Natural systems System dynamics Systems engineering System dynamics Social systems Soft systems Complexity Socio-ecological Dialogic Participatory
- 8. 8
- 9. Training New System Designers. MDes STRATEGIC FORESIGHT & INNOVATION • Business & Design Thinking • Human Factors • Systemic Design / Systems Thinking • Innovation Research Methods • Strategic Foresight • Innovation Strategy • Business Model Innovation • Strategic research with faculty & students + MDes DESIGN FOR HEALTH (2016)
- 11. 10 Shared Design Principles Systemic Design Principle Design Methodologies 1. Idealization Iteration 2. Appreciating Complexity Sensemaking 3. Purpose finding Saliency - Meaning-making 4. Boundary framing Provocation and strange-making 5. Requisite variety Multiple perspectives 6. Feedback coordination Modeling 7. System ordering Structuring 8. Generative emergence Future projection 9. Continuous adaptation Multiple reasoning modes 10. Self-organizing Co-creation Guidance for complex systems design from systems, cybernetic & complexity principles. Foundation for practitioners to enhance engagement and evolve better practices. Elicited from systems theories, but not new. Lead to net new frameworks for design in: Patient-centred healthcare systems Sustainable business models Organizational governance “The primary aim the two systems of thought share today is enabling organized high- leverage action in increasingly complex and systemic problems as design situations.”
- 12. Design methods associated with principles Systemic Design Principle Design Methods 1. Idealization Framing, Iteration, Backcasting 2. Appreciating Complexity Sensemaking, System sketching 3. Purpose finding Inquiry (5 Whys), Prototyping 4. Boundary framing Critical probes, Strange-making 5. Requisite variety Co-creation, Function analysis 6. Feedback coordination Modeling, Interactive Testing 7. System ordering Structuring, Pattern making 8. Generative emergence Future creation, 9. Continuous adaptation Multiple reasoning modes 10. Self-organizing Co-creation, Facilitated design modes We might also observe design of: Time (4), Space (3), Information (3)
- 13. Design methods associated with principles Systemic Design Principle Dialogic Design Methods 1. Idealization Futures Creative, Values discovery 2. Appreciating Complexity Influence Map 3. Purpose finding Defining Triggering Question 4. Boundary framing TQ, Application design 5. Requisite variety Stakeholder discovery & selection 6. Feedback coordination Structured facilitation, Print sheets 7. System ordering Structuring, Clustering 8. Generative emergence Shared Language, Interpreting ISM 9. Continuous adaptation Interpretive Systems Design, Action Planning 10. Self-organizing Stakeholder coalition forming We might also observe design of: Time (4), Space (3), Information (3)
- 14. Mapping Systems Principles to Design Models • Discovery and orientation • Definition and concept formation • Optimization and planning • Evaluation and measurement Model drawn in part from Evenson and Dubberly, 2010 Four universal patterns across 50 innovation processes van Patter and Pastor (2013)
- 15. Mapping Systems Principles to Design
- 16. 10 Shared Design Principles Principle Design Methodologies 1. Idealization (time) Framing, Iteration clarifies toward a shared goal SDD: Futures Creative, Values discovery
- 17. Design Principle Design Methodologies 2. Appreciating Complexity Sensemaking, System sketching SDD: Influence Map
- 18. 3. Purpose finding Saliency - Meaning-making SDD: Defining Triggering Question
- 19. 4. Boundary framing Provocation and strange-making SDD: Triggering Question, Application design All people are health-seekers A health-seeking journey occurs over a lifetime, a continuity that proceeds through youth, adulthood, & older age.
- 20. 5. Requisite variety Multiple perspectives SDD: Stakeholder discovery & selection
- 21. Design Principle Design Methodologies 6. Feedback coordination Modeling, Mapping SDD: Structured facilitation, Print sheets
- 22. 7. System ordering Structuring information SDD: Structuring, Clustering
- 23. 8. Generative emergence Future projection SDD: Shared Language, Interpreting ISM
- 24. Design Principle Design Methodologies 9. Continuous adaptation Multiple reasoning modes Interpretive Systems Design, Action Planning
- 25. 10. Self-organizing Co-creation, Local Facilitation Modes Stakeholder coalition forming
- 27. Conclusions & Questions • Ten general relationships across systems & design disciplines • Robust with respect to theory & praxis • Serve an integrative function across design projects for complex social contexts. • Design competencies address gaps in current SDD practice: - Lack of methods defined for Discovery - Contested ways of enacting Action from planning - Creative approaches to Coalition formation - Ability to better adapt & stage practices to differing cultures