Sec 1 geog unit 4 lesson 4
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There are two main categories of factors that can cause water shortages: demand factors and supply factors. Demand factors that lead to increased water usage include population growth, as more people need water, and affluence, as wealthier populations consume more water through their lifestyles. Supply factors that affect water availability include seasonal rainfall patterns, which can cause dry seasons in some areas, as well as climate change impacts like changing rain intensities and timing. Water pollution also reduces total water supply by contaminating sources so they can no longer be used by humans.
Sec 1 geog unit 4 lesson 4
- 1. Chong Boon Secondary Geography Department Sec 1 Geography Unit 4 Lesson 4 Water Supply: Causes of water shortage
- 2. Thinking questions •What causes water shortage? What are the big uses of water?
- 3. Lesson Objectives • In this lesson, you will –Identify the reasons for global water shortage.
- 4. Factors that cause water shortage • There are two main categories of factors –Demand Factors • Factors that lead to man seeking more water. –Supply Factors • Factors that affect the availability of water to meet the demands by man.
- 6. Demand Factors • Population Growth – As global population increases, the total amount of water demanded increases. – Global Population has increased from 1.6 billion in 1900 to 3.1 billion in 1960 and to 7 billion in 2014. – Most of the population increase is in Less Developed Countries (LDCs) – These are where there is also the largest water shortage.
- 7. Affluence
- 8. Demand Factors • Affluence –Having wealth and being able to live comfortably. –Developed countries tend to be affluent. –Affluent countries consume more water due to the lifestyle of the people there. –With more money, people consume goods that are produced using more water and live a lifestyle that consumes more water.
- 10. Supply Factor • Seasonal rainfall –Countries with variation in rainfall will face water supply issues. –Seasonal rains (monsoons) bring large rainfall in small pockets of the year. –Seasonal rains also lead to dry seasons where there is minimal rain. –Singapore does not have such problems.
- 11. Climate Change
- 12. Global Climate Change • Global climate change will result in change in seasonal rain. • Intensity and timing of seasonal rains are affected by global climate change. • With Global warming, some areas have less water while others suffer floods.
- 13. Water Pollution
- 14. Supply Factors • Water Pollution –Pollution is the introduction of substances into the natural environment (air, water, land). –With pollution, water quality will drop. If it becomes unusable for humans, total water source will be reduced.
- 15. The Ganges River • Largest river in India • Used by over 400 million people • Used for drinking, bathing and irrigation, spiritual significance. • Industrial waste dumpsite.
- 16. The Ganges River
- 17. Summary Are you now able to • Identify the factors that affect demand and supply for water?