The document discusses the concept of proliferation in media which refers to the increase in available hardware, content, and platforms for both audiences and institutions. It gives the example of how the success of the iPhone led to many similar touchscreen smartphones flooding the market. Proliferation can occur when new technologies enable many companies to enter a market. Technological convergence, where different technologies merge into new combinations, has contributed to proliferation through digital technologies that combine functions like smartphones that play video. This has changed how films are distributed, accessed, and discussed online through various media platforms.