Seizing the IPv6 Advantage: For a Bigger, Faster and Stronger Internet
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The document discusses the transition from IPv4 to IPv6, highlighting the limitations of IPv4, including its exhaustion and high costs associated with address sharing and NAT. It emphasizes the numerous advantages of IPv6, such as its vast address space, lower latency, and cost-effectiveness, especially for businesses and emerging technologies. The document also provides statistics on IPv6 adoption in various countries, signaling a growth trend and urging further deployment efforts.
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Case: Akamai
• All CDN customers receive IPv6
• AbemaTV, Japan (streaming video)
– “…throughput improved by an average of 38% compared to IPv4, and by
67% [during] nighttime”.
• Enterprise adoption is slow but…
– “As Enterprises grow and have acquisitions and different business units,
Private IPv4 space becomes increasingly unwieldy. Using Zero Trust
models with a flat IPv6 global namespace is much easier to manage.” –
Erik Nygren, 2014](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/7-240625231849-029f0182/85/Seizing-the-IPv6-Advantage-For-a-Bigger-Faster-and-Stronger-Internet-25-320.jpg)
Seizing the IPv6 Advantage: For a Bigger, Faster and Stronger Internet
- 1. 1 Seizing the IPv6 Advantage: For a Bigger, Faster, Stronger Internet APAC IPv6 Council Meeting Viet Nam, June 2024
- 2. 2 RIP IPv4 1983 – after a long illness One of these days…
- 3. 3 The long illness… APNIC internal http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4
- 4. 4 4 IPv4 on life support… • IANA pool expired in 2011 – RIR regional supplies followed (2012 to 2017) – Only APNIC has remaining supply (after reclamation in 2023) • Delaying the inevitable… – Address sharing, Network Address Translation (NAT), CGNAT – RIR-registered transfers (sales or leases) • Trading in the remains… – Purchase and leasing – Chaotic white/grey/black markets – Price: 10 to 1,000x the price of registration
- 5. 5 Extn 202 Public Private 02 6262 9898 Address sharing and NAT Phone Network PBX Internet 202.12.29.32 NAT 192.168.1.1
- 6. 6 Internet NAT 192.168.1.1 Carrier Grade NAT (CGN) 1Gb / user per month $40 / user per year +Y ms latency +X ms latency CGN 10.0.0.202 202.12.29.32
- 8. 8 8 IPv6 address space • IPv4: 32-bit address – 232 = 4,294,967,296 – The number of stars in the observable universe • IPv6: 128-bit address – 2128 = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,3 74,607,431,768,211,456 – Each of those stars contains an entire IPv4 Internet
- 10. 10 10 Latency: Global routing IPv4 IPv6
- 11. 11 Latency: Global routing AS Path length – Global average
- 12. 12 12 Latency: IPv4 v IPv6 12ms 1ms 4.3ms - 5.5ms 3.7ms 2.8ms 6.8ms
- 13. 13 13 IPv4 market price https://auctions.ipv4.global/prior-sales Peak: $60 / address Today: ~$30 / address
- 14. 14 The good news
- 15. 15 15 Good news… 43% IPv6 capability in Asia https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6
- 16. 16 16 Better news… 60% IPv6 capability in VN https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6
- 17. 17 17 More good news…. https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html 45% of Google traffic
- 19. 19 19 IPv6 population – Top 20 Rank 2015 % 2024 % 1 Belgium 45% India 79% 2 Switzerland 28% Malaysia 71% 3 United States of America 26% France 69% 4 Germany 25% Belgium 67% 5 Portugal 18% Saudi Arabia 66% 6 Luxembourg 17% Germany 66% 7 Greece 17% Vietnam 60% 8 Estonia 17% Uruguay 59% 9 Japan 16% Taiwan 58% 10 Peru 15% United States of America 57% 11 Czech Republic 11% Greece 56% 12 Norway 10% Sri Lanka 56% 13 Malaysia 10% Israel 56% 14 Romania 10% Japan 55% 15 Singapore 10% Nepal 55% 16 France 6% Mexico 52% 17 Ecuador 6% United Arab Emirates 52% 18 Brazil 6% Hungary 51% 19 Finland 6% Puerto Rico 51% 20 Austria 6% Guatemala 51%
- 20. 20 20 And more… https://www.akamai.com/blog/trends/10-years-since-world-ipv6-launch
- 21. 21 IPv6 Drivers
- 22. 22 22 What drives deployment? • Motivations – Supply of addresses: numbering, management, mergers – Cost of IPv4 (USD $50/address) vs cost of IPv6 (miniscule) – Cost of IPv4 NAT (USD $40/user/year?) vs no cost for native IPv6 – Efficiency of technology and routing -> Lower latency – Competition and the network effect • Doubts – Human capacity – Business risks, security and other FUD… – … natural resistance to change.
- 23. 23 23 Top 5 IN
- 24. 24 24 Top 5 VN
- 25. 25 25 Case: Akamai • All CDN customers receive IPv6 • AbemaTV, Japan (streaming video) – “…throughput improved by an average of 38% compared to IPv4, and by 67% [during] nighttime”. • Enterprise adoption is slow but… – “As Enterprises grow and have acquisitions and different business units, Private IPv4 space becomes increasingly unwieldy. Using Zero Trust models with a flat IPv6 global namespace is much easier to manage.” – Erik Nygren, 2014
- 26. 26 26 Case: AWS • Amazon now charges for public IPv4 space – $0.005/address/hour – x 24 x 356 = $42 / annum – IPv6 is now free of charge • Netflix – Delivery via IPv6 since 2021 • Business case for IPv6 – “If you don’t have IPv6 on your edge, you’re penalizing your customers”. – “What I want is a simple flat network that’s just transport, and NATs have broken that model” – Donavan Fritz, 2021
- 27. 27 27 Latency: IPv4 v IPv6 in Viet Nam 12ms 1ms 4.3ms - 5.5ms 3.7ms 2.8ms 6.8ms -12.5ms
- 28. 28 28 Follow the leaders • USA – DoD and DoC transitions to be completed EOY 2025 • China, Viet Nam – 100% national deployment by EOY 2025 • Czech Republic – 100% government services on IPv6 only from 6/6/2032 • India – All government networks enable IPv6 during 2024
- 29. 29 Finally…
- 30. 30 30 The benefits… • IP Address supply and cost • Latency • Address management – “set and forget” address planning – Ready for merger or acquisition • Future proof – Growth – Innovation – Risk mitigation (IPv4 swamp)
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- 32. 32 3
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- 34. 34 34
- 35. 35 35 Where are we on the IPv6 curve? 3 0% 100% ?
- 36. 36 36 Where are YOU on the IPv6 curve? 3 0% 100% ?
- 37. 37 37 Coming up… APNIC 58 • Wellington, New Zealand, with Pacific IGF – Workshops: 30 August to 2 September – Conference: 4 to 6 September 2024 – Fellowships available! https://conference.apnic.net/58