Selection of Supplier by Using Saw and Vikor Methods

P.Venkateswarlu.Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com
ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 9, (Part -3) September 2016, pp.80-88
www.ijera.com 80 | P a g e
Selection of Supplier by Using Saw and Vikor Methods
1
P.Venkateswarlu, 2
DR. B. Dattatraya Sarma
1
Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Sreevenkateswara College of Engineering Nellore,
2
Principal, Sreevenkateswara College of Engineering, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
ABSTRACT
Now a days, Lean manufacturing becomes a key strategy for global competition. In this environment the most
important process is the efficient selection of suppliers. In any organization various criteria such as quality, cost,
location etc are used for the selection of supplier which plays a vital role in the industry. In the present work
multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are used such as SAW method and VIKOR method. It is used
to select the best supplier for implementing the spring manufacturing industry. Choice of the efficient
supplier could be a complicated and is a complex problem and this draw back associate degreed a key success
for an organization. In this paper linguistic fuzzy data is used to search out the ratings and weights and also the
introduced methodologies employed to pick the efficient supplier.
Keywords: lean manufacturing, supplier selection, fuzzy, VIKOR, SAW method.
I. INTRODUCTION
A system consists of organization, group of
people and their activities, resources like raw
materials, finished goods and information etc. A
system which involves in moving a finished product
or service from supplier to the customer is called the
supply chain. It is a network. It involves the major
three following network functions. Most important
one is supply of materials to manufacturer, second
thing is the manufacturing process and the last one is
the distribution of finished goods. Among the three
the most important thing is the distribution of
finished goods. In this a network of distributors and
retailers are used to distribute the finished goods to a
final customer. Any organization and its function are
marketing, planning, purchasing and finance etc.
Each department has shared their information with
suppliers and customers. This sharing of information
to all the parties enables to plan appropriately for the
current and future needs. In general, a product or
service of an item there are more number of
suppliers are available in the market. Tracing the
right supplier is more complex and becomes much
more burdensome. Hence, need of best supplier for
an organization is a success of the organization.
Through successful supply chain, the organization
can be achieved numerous goals such as inventory
can be minimized, cost can be reduced, delivery time
to market can be improved and flexibility can be
enhanced. In general, selection of best suppliers may
be depends on the several factors.
In any organization the supplier selection
process play a vital role and it follows certain
aspects. One of the important aspects is identifying a
supplier, it is important to gather the information
from the stake holder’s opinions. The list of stake
holders may include members from the departments
of purchasing, marketing, quality, finance and
research and development and other area related to
the organization. During this time, identify the few
suppliers based on their capabilities and compare
pricing. The selected supplier team can shared their
information to all the department members. Another
important aspect is measuring supplier performance;
another important aspect is developing the audit and
assessment program. The purpose of the audit and
assessment program me is to understand the
suppliers strength and weakness. It can minimize the
compliance from the customer and it can improve
the quality of the product or service.
In olden day’s Manufacturing Company,
they have selected supplier based on the price,
supplier location and preference. Now day’s
government and industry have introduced safety and
minimum standards and quality on manufacturing
company. Hence, in this regard evaluating and
selecting the right supplier has become much more
critical and complex.
In several manufacturing plants across the
world, lean manufacturing techniques are
implemented. They have to meet increasing demands
and stand up to within the world market. They
have expedited them to dramatically increase their
competitive edge. Implementing the lean
manufacturing techniques reduces the wastes and
improves the quality of the product in an
organization. Therefore, the product or service is
available in the market with low cost.
Several companies have enforced lean manufacturing
techniques to make a lot of economical work
flows. In a lean manufacturing setting the role of
supplier selection is significant as a result of they
play the role of implementing lean on the processing
line.
Several studies have reported for supplier
selection based on multi criteria decision making
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

methods. A case study is conducted in cement
manufacturing industry by Rajeswara Reddy et.al. [1]
for supplier selection problem. It is chosen several
criteria like cost, quality, lead time, and serviceability
and payment terms with the recommendation of the
decision makers in their departments. The decision
makers involved in each departmental heads like
material, finance and commercial and operational
head. The choice is taken from recommendation of
the experts. Based on their recommendation further
investigation is carried out through Multi criteria
decision making methods such as AHP and TOPSIS
to evaluate the best supplier. Murali et.al [2] a case
study is conducted in Lanco industry at srikalahasthi
for selection of best suppliers by using TOPSIS and
PROMETHEE methods. It is conducted assessment
program me with each department in the organization
for evaluating the best suppliers. It is collected the
pool of suppliers selection criteria information from
the decision making team. Experts are recommended
the selected criteria, based on their opinions further
investigation is carried out through multi criteria
decision making methods. Finally, from the obtained
results and the rank has given to the best suppliers.
Parthiban et al. [3] a case study is conducted in
automotive component manufacturing industry in
southern part of the India. Interpretive structural
modeling and AHP methods are used for ranking of
the best supplier from the group of the supplier. It is
conducted the survey in each department. Data is
collected from the company and prepared the data
sheet in terms of linguistic variables. Finally, from
the obtained results and the rank has given to the
efficient suppliers.
In general, successful organization role is
improving the quality and reduce the cost and reduce
the waste. In addition, raw material procurement and
manufacturing process plays a key role in any
organization. Procurement of raw material plays in
several stages in the organization such as identify,
evaluate and contract with supplier. Financial
stability of the industry is also depends on the
procurement of raw material. Continuous supply of
raw material to the firm it effects the financial
stability of the firm. Moreover, it takes more time to
process. Therefore, selection of lean supplier is
critical task for manufacturing industry. With the
help of efficient lean supplier, it is possible to
improve the quality and reduce the cost of the
products. And it is also possible by continuous
improvement of the product value or services over a
period. And it is also able to meet the demands of the
customer.
One of the most important factors is
selection of lean supplier. Because it is a complex
multi criteria decision making problem to choose
among various suppliers. In the present study
suppliers is selected by using multi criteria decision
making methods such as SAW and VIKOR methods.
Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)
consigns to screening, prioritizing, ranking,
or choosing agroup of choicesunderneath sometimes
freelance, unequal or conflicting attributes [4]. Over
some years, the Multi-criteria decision-making
ways are featured. The ways take issue in several
areas theoretical surroundings , type of quarries
asked and therefore the type of results known. Some
ways are crafted significantly for one specific
drawback, and aren’t helpful for alternative issues.
Alternative ways are additional universal, and lots of
them have earned quality in numerous areas. The
foremost necessary plan for all the ways is to form a
additional formalized and better-informed decision-
making method. There are several attainable ways
that to classify the present MCDM ways.
Belton and Steward [5] classified them in
three broad classes, value measuring model like
multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT)and analytical
hierarchy method (AHP), outranking models like
Elimination and choice Translating Reality
(ELECTRE) and Preference Ranking Organization
technique for Enrichment analysis (PROMETHEE)
and at last, goal aspiration and reference level
models like Technique for Order Preference by
Similarity to Ideal solution (TOPSIS). The
elemental assumption in utility theory is that the
choice maker chooses the choice that the expected
utility price could be a most [6]. However,
it’s troublesome in several problems to get a
mathematical illustration of the choice maker’s
utility perform [7]. The analytic hierarchy method
(AHP) is wide used for endeavor multi attribute
decision-making issues in real things. In spite of
its quality and ease in concept, this technique
will cause by the choice maker’s inability to
translate his/her preferences for a few alternatives to
another into a completely consistent preference
structure.
The VIKOR methodology was developed
for multi-criteria optimization of advanced systems
[7]. This methodology focuses on ranking and
choosing from a collection of alternatives, and
determines compromise solutions for a retardant
with conflicting criteria, which may facilitate the
choice manufacturers to achieve a judgment. Here,
the compromise resolution could be a possible
resolution that is that the nearest to the perfect, and a
compromise means that an agreement established by
mutual concessions. It introduces the multi-criteria
ranking index supported the actual live of Closeness
to the ideal resolution. The VIKOR method uses
linear normalization, and the normalized value in the
VIKOR method does not depend on the evaluation
unit of criterion function.

Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) which is
also known as weighted linear combination or
scoring methods is a simple and most often used
multi attribute decision technique. The method is
based on the weighted average. An evaluation score
is calculated for each alternative by multiplying the
scaled value given to the alternative of that attribute
with the weights of relative importance directly
assigned by decision maker followed by summing of
the products for all criteria. The advantage of this
method is that it is a proportional linear
transformation of the raw data which means that the
relative order of magnitude of the standardized scores
remains equal.
In the decision making method, the
decision maker is often faced with doubts, issues and
doubts. In different words usual language to specific
observation or judgment is often subjective,
unsure or unclear. To work out the unclearness,
ambiguity and judgment of human judgment,
fuzzy set theory [8] was introduced to specific the
linguistic terms in decision making process
(DM). Bellman and Zadesh [9] developed fuzzy
multi criteria decision methodology (FMCDM) to
resolve the lack of precision in distribution
importance weights of criteria and therefore
the ratings of alternatives concerning analysis
criteria. This logical tool that people can depend
on are generally measured the outcome of a bivalent
logic (yes/no, true/false), however the issues
expose by real-life things and human thought
processes and approaches to problem-solving are by
number means that bivalent. even as standard,
bivalent logic relies on classic sets, formal
logic relies on fuzzy sets. A fuzzy set could be a set
of objects during which there's no clear-cut or
predefined the boundary between the objects
that are or don't seem to be members of the set. The
key conception behind this definition is that of
membership any object could also be a member of a
collection to some degree, and a logical
proposition may hold true to some degree.
Every component during a set is related to a
worth indicating to what degree element is a member
of the set. This value comes inside the vary (0,
1), wherever zero and one, severally, indicate the
minimum and most degree of membership, whereas
all the intermediate values indicate degrees of partial
membership [10]. This approach helps decision
making solve advanced deciding issues during
a systematic, consistent and productive approach
[11] and has been wide applied to tackle
DM issues with multiple criteria and alternatives. In
short, fuzzy set theory offers a mathematically
precise approach Of modeling obscure preferences
asan example once it involves setting the weights of
performances scores on criteria.
The five point method proposed by Chen
and Hwang [12] first converts linquistic terms into
fuzzy numbers and then the fuzzy numbers into crisp
scores. The method is described below: This method
systematically converts linquistic terms into their
corresponding fuzzy numbers. It contains eight
conversion scales. To demonstrate the method, a 5-
point scale having the linquistic terms low, fairly
low, medium, fairly high, and high [12], is
considered. These linguistic terms can be equated to
other terms like low, below average, average, above
average and high.
The linguistic evaluations are converted
into fuzzy numbers by using Chan and Hwang Five
point scale as specified below.
Table.1.1 Five point conversion Scale
Linguistic term Fuzzy number Crisp score
Low M1 0.115
Below average M2 0.295
Average M3 0.495
Above average M4 0.695
High M5 0.895
II. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY- SAW
A case study is conducted in spring
manufacturing unit at Anatapuram. The data is
collected for the current industry with the
recommendation of decision makers. In the
present study three decision makers are from
various departments.
In this section a methodical approach of the
SAW to solve the supplier selection problem under a
fuzzy environment. The magnitude weights of
various criteria and the ratings of qualitative criteria
measured as linguistic variables. Because linguistic
assessments merely about the good judgment of
decision makers.
Process of SAW consist of these steps:
Step 1:
1) Construct a pair-wise comparison matrix (n x n)
for criteria with respect to objective by using
Saaty’s 1-9 scale of pair-wise comparisons
shown in Table 2.1. In other words, it is used to
compare each criterion with each other criterion,
one-by-one.
Table2.1. Saaty’s [13] 1-9 Scale of Pair-wise
comparisons
Scale
points
Definition Explanation
1 Equal
Importance
Two activities contribute
Equally to the Objective
2 Weak or
Slight
3 Moderate
Importance
Experience and judgment
slightly favour one
activity over another

4 Moderate
Plus
5 Strong
Importance
Experience and judgment
strongly
favour one activity over
another
6 Strong
Plus
7 Very
Strong
An activity is favored
very strongly over
another
8 Very, very
strong
9 Extreme
Importance
The evidence favoring
one activity over another
is of the highest possible
order of affirmation
2) For each comparison, we will decide which of
the two criteria is most important, and then
assign a score to show how much more
important it is.
3) Compute each element of the comparison
matrix by its column total and calculate the
priority vector by finding the row averages.
4) Weighted sum matrix is found by multiplying
the pair-wise comparison matrix and priority
vector.
5) Dividing all the elements of the weighted sum
matrix by their respective priority vector
element.
6) Compute the average of this value to obtain max
7) Find the consistency Index, CI, as follows:
CI = ( ʎmax –n)/(n-1) (2.1)
Where n is the matrix size.
8) Calculate the consistency ratio, CR, as follows:
CR = CI/RI (2.2)
9) Judgment consistency can be checked by taking
the consistency ratio (CR) of CI with the
appropriate value in Table 2.2. The CR is
acceptable, if it does not exceed 0.10. If it is
more, the judgment matrix is inconsistent. To
obtain a consistent matrix, judgments should be
reviewed and improved.
Table 2.2 Average Random Consistency (RI)
Size of matrix Random Consistency
1 0
2 0
3 0.58
4 0.9
5 1.12
6 1.24
7 1.32
8 1.41
9 1.45
10 1.49
Step 2: Construct a decision matrix (m x n) that
includes m personnel and n criteria. Calculate the
normalized decision matrix for positive criteria:
/ ; i=1,2,3..m;j=1,2,3……n (2.3)
The normalized decision matrix for negative criteria
= / ;i=1,2,3……m;j=1,2,3……n.. (2.4)
Where =maximum number of r in the column
of j.
=minimum number of r in the column of j
Step 3: Evaluate each alternative, A by the
following formula:
(2.5)
Where xij is the score of the ith
alternative
with respect to the jth
criteria, wj is the weighted
criteria.
The way of data collection that is applied
for this phase is questionnaire. By using comparison
matrix the weights of criteria will be computed.
After computing weights of criteria, specifying of
consistency rate will be executed. If consistency of
data is more than 0.1, revision of pair-wise
comparison must be done. So we will continue it
until consistency Rate reach to less than 0.1. After
CR is less than 0.1, it indicates sufficient
consistency. In that time, we use SAW method for
ranking personnel. The procedure of methodology
has been shown in Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1. Flow chart of the research frame work
By using the same set of criteria which has
chosen for supplier selection using VIKOR method
is applied in the present study. And the weights of
criteria have been computed by using comparison
matrix. The table 2.3 is shown as name of the
criteria.
Table 2.3 Criteria’s name.
C1 performance
C2 Financial position
C3 Management organization
C4 Just in time
C5 Technical capability
The weights of the criteria have been
computed by using comparison matrix mean while
data was gathered from three experts of the opinion
with questioner in one of the spring manufacturing
unit by using saaty[11] scale values as shown in the
table.2.4
Table 2.4 specifying the scale values of 1-5
Intensity of
importance
Definition
1 Equal Importance
2 Moderate Importance
3 Strong Importance
4 Very Strong
5 Extreme Importance
The comparison matrix is shown in table
2.5. it indicating the relative importance of the
criterion in the columns compared to the criterion in
the rows.
2.1 Test of consistency for selected set of
criteria
The consistency Rate calculated was 0.010
that is less than 0.1, indicating sufficient consistency.
The following steps will show how the test of
consistency will be done.
Step 1: In order to calculate computing
Weighted Sum Vector (WSM):
CI C2 C3 C4 C5 Weights
C1 1 1 2 2 2 0.276
C2 1 1 2 2 2 0.276
C3 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 0.16
C4 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 0.16
C5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 0.10
Total 3.5 3.5 6.5 6.5 9 1
Table 2.5 Weights of criteria by Comparison matrix.
Table 2.6 computing weighted sum vector
By rounding off the number to three
decimal places, we will get Consistency vector
(CV). In following division, each corresponding
cell must be divided each other.
Table 2.7 consistency vector values (CV)
Consistency Index (CI) and consistency ratio are
calculated using equations 2.1 and 2.2.
CI = 5.109-5/(5-1) = 0.012
Consistency rate will be computed as
follows as the amount of Random Index (RI) could
be got by looking at Table 2.8, according to the value
of n (n is size of matrix).
1 1 2 2 2
X
0.27
6
=
1.392
1 1 2 2 2
0.27
6
1.392
0.5 0.5 1 1 2
0.16 0.790
0.5 0.5 1 1 2
0.16 0.790
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.
5
1
0.10 0.530
1.392
/
0.276
=
5.04
1.392 0.276 5.04
0.790 0.16 4.93
0.790 0.16 4.93
0.530 0.10 5.30
1.392
/
0.276
=
5.04
1.392 0.276 5.04
0.790 0.16 4.93
0.790 0.16 4.93
0.530 0.10 5.30
λ max = (5.04 + 5.04 + 4.93 + 4.93
+ 5.30)/5=5.048

CR = CI/RI = 0.012 /1.12 = 0.010
Table 2.8 Average stochastic uniformity index
target value of judgment matrix
So the Consistency Index is indicating
that the opinion of experts is sufficient. After
preparing collected data from experts, based on scale
values 1-9 in Table 2.4 and computing weights of
criteria in Table 2.5, following steps shows the
procedure of SAW method:
Table 2.9 Collected data based on scale values (1-9)
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
S1 7 6 6 6 6
S2 7 7 6 6 7
S3 6 7 6 5 6
S4 6 5 7 6 6
S5 7 6 7 7 6
C means Criteria and S means Supplier
Step 2: In this case study, criteria has been
taken as positive and normalized decision matrix for
positive criteria are calculated using equations 2.3
The results are as shown in Table 2.11
Table 2.10 Weighted Criteria
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
0.276 0.276 0.16 0.16 0.10
Table 2.11 Normalized decision matrix
Step 3: By using the equation 2.5, the
simple additive weighting method evaluates each
alternative, Ai and is presented in Table2.12
Table 2.12 Weighted Normalized Decision Matrix
Table 2.13 Ranked Personnel
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5.
0.867 0.924 0.840 0.810 0.915
Finally in SAW method, the best supplier is
S2 and then S3, S4, S5 and S1 will be respectively for
the selected first set of criteria. The rating of
suppliers using first set of criteria is shown in Fig.
5.1.
Fig: 2.1 Ratings of suppliers by SAW method
III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY-
VIKOR METHOD
In this section a methodical approach of the
VIKOR to solve the supplier selection problem
under a fuzzy environment. The magnitude weights
of various criteria and the ratings of qualitative
criteria measured as linguistic variables. Because
linguistic assessments merely about the good
judgment of decision makers. Supplier
selection in lean manufacturing system first requires
the identification of decision attributes (criteria). For
this purpose, it is consider as group mulitple criteria
decision making problem. This is illustrated the
following set of terms.
Among various sets, two sets containing 5
criteria’s, C = (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5),S=(
S1,S2,S3,S4,S5), and another set containing 3
criteria’s DM= (D1,D2,D3).
Where DM- A set of decision makers, S-A
Set of possible supplier, C- A set of criteria’s.
The main aspects of the work are described;
the proposed model has been applied to a lean
supplier selection process of a firm working in the
field of spring manufacturing unit.
The following steps are
Step1: The company desires to select a
good supplier. After preliminary screening, five
suppliers (S1,S2,S3,S4,S5), remains further
evaluation.
n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
R
I
0 0 .8
5
.
9
1.
12
1.
24
1.3
2
1.
41
1.
45
1.
51
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
S1 0.276 0.234 0.136 0.136 0.085
S2 0.276 0.276 0.136 0.136 0.10
S3 0.234 0.276 0.136 0.11 0.085
S4 0.234 0.195 0.16 0.136 0.085
S5 0.276 0.234 0.16 0.16 0.085
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
S1 1 0.85 0.16 0.85 0.85
S2 1 1 0.85 0.85 1
S3 0.85 1 0.85 0.71 0.85
S4 0.85 0.71 1 0.85 0.85
S5 1 0.85 1 1 0.85

Step 2: Committee of three decision makers
(D1,D2,D3) have been formed to select the most
suitable supplier. The following first set of criteria
have been defined.
Table 3.1 Set of criteria’s
C1 performance
C2 Financial position
C3 Management organization
C4 Just in time
C5 Technical capability
Step3: Three decision makers use the
linguistic weighting variables to asses the
importance of the criteria. The importance weights
of the criteria determined by these three decision
makers are shown in table 3.2. Because to calculate
the weights of criteria, it requires the first weight
assessments from the experts of decision makers.
Table 3.2 Importance weight of criteria
Criteria DM1 DM2 DM3
C1 H H H
C2 H H AA
C3 AA A AA
C4 A AA A
C5 A A BA
The decision makers is also used the
linguistic rating variables to evaluate the ratings of
candidates with respect to each criterion. The ratings
of the five supplier by the decision makers under the
various criteria are illustrated in table 3.3 of each
decision makers opinion.
Table 3.3 Rating of suppliers of five suppliers under
each criterion in terms of linguistic variables
determined by DMs
Step 4: The linguistic evaluations shown
in Tables 3.2 and 3.3 are converted into fuzzy
numbers. Then the aggregated weight of criteria and
aggregated fuzzy rating of alternatives is calculated
to construct the fuzzy decision matrix and
determine the fuzzy weight of each
criterion, as shown in Tables 3.4.
Table 3.4 Decision Matrix in Crisp score for suppliers
Step 5: The values of S, R and Q are
calculated by using the equations, for all the
suppliers.
)]/
)]/
min)/(Si max –Si min))+(1-v)((Ri-
Rmin)/(Rimax-Rimin))
Where S=utility measure, R=Regret measure,
Q=Vikor index
Table 3.5 Maximum criterion function of facilitators
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
0.83 0.83 0.90 0.76 0.76
Table 3.6 Minimum criterion function of facilitators
C1 C2 C4 C5
0.56 0.63 0.63 0.56 0.56
Table 3.7 Utility Measure (s) value of facilitators
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
0.67 0.726 0.84 0.099 0.268
Table 3.8 Regret Measure (R) value of facilitators
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
0.248 0.198 0.267 0.0504 0.161
Table 3.9 VIKOR Index (Q) value of facilitators
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5
0.835 0.753 1 0 0.368
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Weights 0.267 0.248 0.189 0.168 0.128
S1 0.70 0.63 0.83 0.56 0.63
S2 0.63 0.70 0.63 0.70 0.56
S3 0.56 0.63 0.70 0.63 0.63
S4 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.70 0.76
S5 0.76 0.70 0.90 0.76 0.70
Criteria C1 C2 C3 C4 Cs
Supplier D1 D2 D3 D1 D2 D3 D1 D2 D3 D1 D2 D3 D1 D2 D3
S1 VG G F G G F G VG G G F F G G F
S2 G G F VG G F VG G F G G G G F F
S3 G F F G G F G G F G G F G G F
S4 VG VG G VG VG G VG VG G VG G F VG G G
S5 VG G G G G G VG VG VG VG G G G G G

Table 3.10 Ranking of the suppliers by S, R and Q
in order
Ranking of Lean Facilitators
By S S4 S5 S1 S2 S3
By R S4 S5 S2 S1 S3
By Q S4 S5 S2 S1 S3
C1 : Q (S5) – Q (S4) > 1/ (m-1)
(0.268-0.099) < (1/4)
Condition C1 is not satisfied.
C2 : Supplier S4 has been ranked as best in S and R.
Condition C2 is satisfied.
The ranking of the lean supplier by S, R
and Q in decreasing order is shown in Table 3.11,
the compromise solution for the decision for set-1 is
the supplier S4.
The advantage rate of facilitators by S, R
and Q are shown in the Figs. 3.1 to 3.3 respectively.
Figs. 3.1Advantage rate of facilitators by Utility
Measure (S)
Fig. 3.2. Advantage rate of facilitators by Regret
measure (R)
Fig. 3.3. Advantage rate of facilitators by VIKOR
INDEX (Q)
IV. CONCLUSIONS
The present study explores the use of
SAW method and VIKOR methods in solving a
supplier selection problem and the results
obtained can be valuable to the decision maker in
framing the supplier selection strategies. For the
selected criteria, S2, S5, Sl, S3, S4 and S4, S5, S2,
S1, S3 are the ranking sequence according to SAW
and VIKOR method respectively. The best ranked
suppliers S4 have 36.8%, 75.3%, 83.5%, 100%
advantage rate over the alternatives S5
S2, S1, S3 as shown in figure 3.3. Thus,
these popular MCDM methods can be successfully
employed by the decision makers for the process of
supplier selection in the spring manufacturing
domain.
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