SIMULATION MODEL OF 3 PHASE TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT ANALYSIS

VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280
SIMULATION MODEL OF 3 PHASE TRANSMISSION LINE
FAULT ANALYSIS
Khushali Ladhava 1
, Charmy Bhatt 2
, Nikita Sirsat 3
, Prof. Chitralekha Vangala4
1
(Electrical Viva Institute of Technology /Mumbai University, India)
2
3
4
Abstract: Today the demand for electricity or power is accelerating day by day these results to transmits more
power by boosting the transmission line capacity from one place to the other place. But during the transmission,
some faults come in the system, like as L- L fault (line to line), 1L- G fault (single line to base), and 2L- G fault
(double line to bottom). These faults affect the power system outfit which is connected to it. The main object of
this project is to study or analysis of various faults and also identify the effect of the fault in the transmission
line along with the bus system which is connected to the transmission line. This project approaches the MATLAB
software in which the transmission line model is designed and various faults will be passed by using the fault
toolbox which has been discussed above. After that, various effects on the bus system due to different faults are
shown similar as voltage, current, and power along with the positive, negative, and zero sequence elements of
voltage and current result in terms of graph.
Keywords - Transmission Line, Power System, L-L Fault (Line to Line), 1L-G Fault (Single Line to Ground),
2L-G Fault (Double Line to Base), MATLAB Software
I. INTRODUCTION
Power system failure could result in loss of stability and serious damage to the affected devices as well
as to nearby healthy equipment. Additionally, the stability premise is
charged as a crucial element in the management of energy and the design of power systems.
Additionally, when a motor is starting, it pulls an excessive amount of current from the system, which causes a
system drop and interferes with the normal operation of other loads. Numerous investigations have revealed that
most overhead wires have transient faults in the range of 70% to as high as 90%. A transitory fault, such as an
insulator flashover, is one that is immediately isolated by the trip of one or more circuit breakers and does not
recur after the road is energized. At lower distribution voltages, faults are typically less transient, but at higher
sub-transmission and transmission voltages, faults are typically more transient. Lightning is the most frequent
cause of flash faults, partially causing insulator flashover due to the high transient voltages the lightning created.
Swinging lines and transient interaction with external objects are further potential reasons.
So that the fault can clear, transient faults are frequently addressed by briefly de energizing the line.
Auto reclosing can also bring the road back online. The remaining 10- to 30-percent of defects have an unending
or semi-permanent nature. A semi-permanent problem can be brought on by a small branch slipping onto the
road.
In this instance, however, the problem is not resolved by immediately de-energizing the road and then
auto-reclosing it. Instead, a planned, time-delayed trip would enable the branch to be burned down without
causing system harm. These kinds of semi-permanent faults are probably most common in heavily forested areas
and can be significantly reduced by extensive line clearance efforts. Auto reclosing can also bring the road back
online. The remaining 10- to 30-percent of defects have an unending or semi-permanent nature. A
semi-permanent problem can be brought on by a small branch slipping onto the road.
In this instance, however, the problem is not resolved by immediately de-energizing the road and then
auto-reclosing it. Instead, a planned, time-delayed trip would enable the branch to be burned down without
causing system harm. These kinds of semi-permanent faults are probably most common in heavily forested areas
and can be significantly reduced by extensive line clearance efforts.
1
www.viva-technology.org/New/IJRI
Volume 1, Issue 6 (2023)

II.
Fig 1.1 Block Diagram Of 3 Phase Fault Analysis
The fault analysis system mainly consists of following blocks. Three phase source blocks, V&I
measurement block, scope Block, Display Values blocks, Data Pi section blocks, Load Block and 3 phase fault
Block.
Three Phases Parallel RLC Load (1)
Nominal Frequency In (Hz)– 50hz Nominal Phase to Phase Voltage Vin (Vrms)= 1000
Active Power P(W)= 10e3 Inductive Reactive Power Ql=100
Capacitive Reactive Power Qc = 0
Three Phase Sources (2)
Phase To Phase Rms Voltage (V) = 25e3 Frequency = 50hz
Internal Connection = Yg 3 Phase Short Circuit Level at Base Voltage = 100e6
Base Voltage = 25e3 X/R Ratio = 7
Three Phase VI Measurement (3)
Voltage Measurement = Phase to Ground Current Measurement = Yes
Frequency = 50 Hz Inductance = [0.9337e-3 4.1264 e-3]
Capacitance = [12.74e-9 7.51e-9] Line Length (Km)= 100
Three Phase Faults (4)
Parameter = Phase A Fault
Phase B Fault
Phase C Fault
2
METHODOLOGY

Fig 1.2 Circuit Diagram Of 3 Phase Fault Analysis
The circuit diagram of the protection system is shown below.in this circuit diagram all connections of
shown with Black coded wires.in this circuit we use three phase sources for give the supply to transmission line,
then V&I measurement component is used for measuring input voltage and current. Then Demux components is
nothing but multiplexer is used for multiple connections. Then RMS and display are used for measuring the
output and faulty current. Then Pi section components is used for distance measuring between two transmission
line and 3 phase fault components used to create the fault in transmission line. And in last load component is
connected for output
III. FIGURES AND TABLES
Figure No. Name Of Figure
Fig. 1.1 Block Diagram
Fig. 1.2 Circuit Diagram
IV. CONCLUSION
Studies and investigations of 3 phase transmission line failures and potential preventative measures
may
overcome significant power system damage. It is possible to fix these flaws using these techniques and lengthen
the lifespan of the transmission line-connected equipment. Additionally, there are fewer interruptions in the
consumer's power supply.
Acknowledgements
We shall be failing in our duty, if we will not express our sincere gratitude to all those distinguished personalities with the help of whom we
have successfully completed our project. My deep gratitude to Dr. Arun Kumar, PRINCIPAL, VIVA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, who
always been playing a great role in all round development of the student. My deep gratitude to Prof. Bhushan Save, THE HEAD OF
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT and also our project guide and our project coordinator Prof. Rahul Abhyankar for her valuable guidance,
advice and constant aspiration to our work, teaching and non-teaching staff for their kind support, help and assistance, which they extended
as and when required. Last but not the least we wish to thank my friends for providing technical and moral support. We hope that this project
report would meet the high standards of all concerned people and for their continuous co-operation during the whole period of period of
project that helped us in enhancement of this project.
REFERENCES
Journal Papers:
[1] Mr. Pramod Vilas Tekale , Prof. Vaishali Malekar, “Transmission line Three-PhaseFault Analysis Using Matlab Simulink” PG
Student Integrated Power System, Assistant Professor Department of Electrical Engineering Tulsiramji Gaikwad Patil College of
Engineering 2022.
[2] C.Vijaya Tharani, M.Nandhini, R.Sundar and Dr K.Nithiyananthan , " MATLAB based Simulations model for Three phase Power
System Network," Karpagam College of Engineering Coimbatore ,TamilNadu ,India,2016.
[3] Swapnil C. Naghate* , Saurabh M. Dhuldhar, Ashvini B. Nagdewate “TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT ANALYSIS BY USING
MATLAB SIMULATION ”, Electrical Engineering, DESCOET, Dhmangaon Railway, Maharashtra, India, 2015.
[4] M.S. Morey, A. Ghodmare, V. Khomane, A. Singh, J. Dawande, and S. Ali Iqbal Shaikh, “Microcontroller Based Three Phase Fault
Analysis for Temporary and Permanent Fault”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 02, No.
01, March (2015).
[5] T. Mushiri and C. Mbohwa, “Research on the Use of Matlab in the Modeling of 3-phase Power Systems”, Proceedings of the World
Congress on Engineering (WCE 2015), London, U.K, Vol. 1, July 1-3, (2015).
[6] Jhon P. Nelson, fellow," System grounding and ground fault protection in the petrochemical industry application vol. 38, p.p.
1640-1540, Nov./Dec.2002
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