SLideshow: Popliteal Fossa
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The popliteal fossa is a diamond-shaped area behind the knee, bounded by muscles including semimembranosus and biceps femoris, with compartments for various nerves and blood vessels. It contains the sciatic nerve, popliteal artery, and vein, which give rise to terminal branches and interact with surrounding structures. The roof of the fossa is formed by the popliteal fascia, and several muscles such as the gastrocnemius, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris are detailed in terms of origin, insertion, action, nerve supply, and blood supply.
SLideshow: Popliteal Fossa
- 2. The Popliteal Fossa is a diamond-shaped intermuscular area found on the posterior aspect of the knee joint
- 3. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa
- 4. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Upper Medial Boundary Comprises two muscles ā¢Semimembranosus ā¢Semitendinosus
- 5. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Upper Medial Boundary ā¢Semimembranosus Posterior view, right thigh and knee
- 6. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Upper Medial Boundary ā¢Semitendinosus Posterior view, right thigh and knee
- 7. Proximal Thigh Semimembranosus Knee joint line Cadaver specimen of posterior thigh Upper Medial Border Posterior view, right thigh and knee
- 8. Proximal Thigh Semitendinosus Cadaver specimen of posterior thigh Upper Medial Border Knee joint line Posterior view, right thigh and knee
- 9. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Upper Lateral Boundary Tendon of Biceps Femoris
- 10. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Upper Lateral Boundary Tendon of Biceps Femoris Posterior view, right thigh
- 11. Biceps Femoris Cadaver specimen of posterior thigh Upper Lateral Border Posterior view, right thigh
- 12. The upper angle of the Popliteal Fossa is where Biceps Femoris meets Semimembranosus and Semitendinosus Posterior view, right thigh
- 13. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Lower Lateral Boundary Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius
- 14. Lateral Head Gastrocnemius Posterior view, right thigh and knee
- 15. Boundaries of the Popliteal Fossa Lower Medial Boundary Medial Head of Gastrocnemius
- 16. Medial Head of Gastrocnemius Posterior view, right thigh and knee
- 17. Lateral Head Gastrocnemius Medial Head of Gastrocnemius Distal or Inferior angle of Popliteal Fossa
- 18. Gastrocnemius arises by two heads: One from the Medial Femoral Condyle and one from the Lateral Femoral Condyle Distally the two heads converge to form the Distal or Inferior angle of the Popliteal Fossa Lateral Head Gastrocnemius Medial Head of Gastrocnemius Distal or Inferior angle of Popliteal Fossa
- 19. Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius Medial Head of Gastrocnemius Cadaver specimen of posterior thigh Lower Medial and Lateral Borders
- 20. Upper Medial Boundary Lower Medial Boundary Upper Lateral Boundary Lower Lateral Boundary Upper Medial Boundary Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Upper Lateral Boundary Tendon of Biceps Femoris Lower Medial Boundary Medial Head of Gastrocnemius Lower Lateral Boundary Lateral Head of Gastrocnemius
- 21. Upper Medial Boundary Lower Medial Boundary Upper Lateral Boundary Lower Lateral Boundary The roof of the Popliteal Fossa is a fibrous structure called the Popliteal Fascia The popliteal fascia is continuous ā¢Proximally with the deep fascia of the thigh ā Fascia Lata ā¢Distally with the deep fascia of the leg - Crural Fascia
- 22. Contents of the Popliteal Fossa From Superficial to Deep are ā¢Sciatic Nerve ā¢Popliteal Vein ā¢Popliteal Artery
- 23. Tibial Component of Sciatic Nerve The Sciatic Nerve divides into two terminal branches near the Upper Angle of the Popliteal Fossa Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus Medial Head Gastrocnemius Lateral Head Gastrocnemius
- 24. Common Peroneal Component of Sciatic Nerve The Sciatic Nerve divides into two terminal branches near the Upper Angle of the Popliteal Fossa Biceps Femoris Semimembranosus Medial Head Gastrocnemius Lateral Head Gastrocnemius
- 25. Popliteal Vein The Popliteal Vein changes name to the Femoral Vein at the Adductor Hiatus
- 26. Popliteal Vein The Popliteal Vein changes name to the Femoral Vein at the Adductor Hiatus It receives numerous tributaries but in the context of varicose vein disease the Short Saphenous Vein is particularly important
- 27. The Popliteal Artery lies in front of the Popliteal Vein and immediately behind the capsule of the Knee Joint
- 28. The Popliteal Artery lies in front of the Popliteal Vein and immediately behind the capsule of the Knee Joint
- 29. The Popliteal Artery lies in front of the Popliteal Vein and immediately behind the capsule of the Knee Joint In the distal part of the popliteal fossa the Popliteal Artery divides into its two terminal branches ā¢Anterior Tibial Artery ā¢Posterior Tibial Artery
- 31. Semimembranosus Origin Superior lateral quadrant of posterior surface ischial tuberosity Insertion Posterior surface of the medial tibial condyle. Sends fascial extension over popliteus, and gives rise to oblique popliteal ligament Action Extends hip, flexes and medially rotates the knee Nerve Supply Tibial component of sciatic nerve (L5, S1) Blood Supply Perforating branches of profunda femoris artery, inferior gluteal artery, and the superior muscular branches of popliteal artery Posterior thigh
- 32. Semitendinosus Origin Superior medial quadrant, posterior surface ischial tuberosity Insertion Superior part, medial tibial shaft Action Extends hip, flexes and medially rotates knee Nerve Supply Tibial component of sciatic nerve (L5, S1) Blood Supply Perforating branches of profunda femoris artery, inferior gluteal artery, superior muscular branches of popliteal artery Posterior thigh
- 33. Posterior Thigh Biceps Femoris Origin Long Head: Superior medial quadrant of the posterior surface of the ischial tuberosity Short Head: Middle third linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of femur Insertion Fibular head, with extensions to lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle Action Flexes the knee, rotates tibia laterally, extends the hip joint Nerve Supply Long head: tibial component of sciatic nerve, Short head: common peroneal component of sciatic nerve (L5, S1) Blood Supply Perforating branches of profunda femoris artery, inferior gluteal artery, superior muscular branches of popliteal artery
- 34. Gastrocnemius Origin Medial head: posterior surface of medial femoral condyle Lateral head: posterior surface of lateral femoral condyle Insertion The two heads unite and with soleus form the Achilles tendon, which inserts onto the posterior and upper surface of calcaneum Action Powerful plantar flexor of ankle Nerve Supply Tibial nerve ( S1, S2) Blood Supply Sural branches of the popliteal artery Posterior Leg