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Smart Grid & Integration  of  Renewable Energy Resources
The Smart Grid is a combination of  hardware, management and reporting software,  built atop an  intelligent communications  infrastructure.  In the world of the Smart Grid,  consumers and utility  companies alike have  tools to manage, monitor and respond to energy issues .  The flow of electricity from  utility to consumer  becomes a  two-way conversation ,  saving  consumers  money ,  energy , delivering more  transparency  in terms of end-user use, and reducing carbon emissions. What is Smart Grid ?
Modernization of the  electricity delivery  system so that it  monitors, protects  and automatically  optimizes  the  operation  of its  interconnected elements  – from the  central  and  distributed generator  through the  high-voltage  network and  distribution  system, to  industrial users  and  building automation  systems, to  energy storage  installations and to  end-use consumers  and their  thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances  and other  household devices .  The Smart Grid in large,  sits at the intersection of Energy, IT and Telecommunication Technologies .   What is Smart Grid ?
Pillars  of Smart Grid Transmission Optimization  Demand Side Management Distribution Optimization Asset Optimization
Smart grid iit-jodhpur-apr10
Need  for development of Smart Grid having features like- Phasor Measurement Technique Wide Area Measurement (WAM) Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Adoptive Islanding Self healing Grids Probabilistic and Dynamic Stability Assessment Distributed and autonomous Control Technology Integration & Grid Management
Time synchronized sub-second data Dynamic behavior observing Directly provides the phase angles  (State  Estimation  to State  Measurement ) Improve post disturbance assessment High data rates and low latency due to computation Benefits of PMU
LD&C_SCADA STATE ESTIMATION Traditionally developed for accommodating old information technology regime (Slow communication, data without time stamp)   Made possible for all round development in technologies   SCADA Vs PMU Network model State Estimator SCADA Telemetry V KV P MW Q MVAR Hz Hz ~ Open Close Close Close SCADA Telemetry Several Seconds to a Minute milli secs  to sec STATE MEASUREMENT
Overview of Smart Grid
Transmission Distribution System Operations Advance Metering Infrastructures Asset Management etc. Asset Management HVDC and UHVAC etc. Self Healing Grids WAMS Adaptive Islanding etc. Smart Grid in Power Sector
Smart Grid in Distribution
Smart Grid in  Distribution Distribution Automization Demand Optimaization - Selective Load Control Operation –Islanding of Micro-grids
Distribution Automization/Optimization Managing Distribution Network Model Outage management and AMI Integration DMS & Advanced Switching Applications Integrated Voltage / VAR Control
Demand Optimization Demand Response – Utility Demand Response – Consumer Demand Response Management System In Home Technology enabling
Demand Optimization Smart Metering –  Automatic, Time of Use, Consumer Communication & Load Control Communications : Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI) – LAN, WAN, HAN DRMS (Demand Response Management) In Home enabling technology Demand in three category:  Immediate, Deferrable, Storable Customer aggregation & De-aggregation required for Peak shifting
Demand Optimization:  Advanced Web Portal Energy Usage Information Utility Communication Consumer Enrollment in DR programs In Home Technology- Availability & Purchase , Device Provisioning
Control Center  with Service Oriented Architecture (BUS) Having  GIS (geo-spatial Information Systems),  AMI,  SAP (ERP),  OMS (Outage management System),  DMS (Distribution Management System),  EMS (Energy Management System),  DRMS (Demand Response management System). Model manager synchronizes GIS data with OMS, DMS & EMS.
Expectation of Technology & Solution Partners To associate and collaborate with Smart Grid players in other parts of globe Develop local expertise to manufacture and provide support services Development of CIM Application Development in India Power Sector Context.
Why Smart Grid? Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid enables better energy management. Proactive management of electrical network during emergency situations. Better demand supply / demand response management. Better power quality Reduce carbon emissions.  Increasing demand for energy : requires more complex and critical solution with better energy management
 
Drivers of Smart Grid Increasing demand:  High Aggregate Technical & Non Technical, Losses:18%-62% Ageing assets…transformers, feeders etc., Grid to carry more power: Need for, Reliability and greater Security Billing and collections: Profitability of distribution companies Energy mix: Need for Renewable to reduce carbon footprint
Implementation leads to ….. Deliver sustainable  energy Increased efficiency Empower consumers Improve reliability Smart Grid
New Technologies for….. Energy Storage to support a Resilient Smart Grid  (Comparing & evaluating cost competitiveness of: Compressed air, pumped hydro, ultra capacitors, flywheels, battery tech, fuel cells.) Smart Grid & Electric Vehicle Integration (How can electric Vehicle optimize the use of renewable energy resources, improve efficiency)
Wind Generation Potential in  INDIA
Wind Speed: 6.0 m/s Wind Speed: 6.4 m/s Wind Speed: 7.0 m/s Wind Speed: 7.5 m/s Wind Speed: 8.0m/s The wind power potential on a national level, base data collected from 10 states considering only 1% of land availability, is around 46,092 MW. Wind Power Potential
Estimated Wind Power Potential India State Gross Potential (MW) Andhra Pradesh 9063 Gujrat 7362 Karnatka 7161 Kerala 1026 Madhya Pradesh 4978 Maharashtra 4519 Orissa 1520 Rajasthan 6672 Tamil nadu 4159 West Bengal 32 Total 46092
Map showing the solar radiation across India
Solar Power Potential  If tropical India were to convert just 1% of the 5,000 trillion kilowatt-hour of solar radiation (or, simply, sunlight) it receives a year into energy, the country will have enough to meet its energy needs.  In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is experienced 250 to 300 days a year. The annual global radiation varies from 1600 to 2200 kWh/sq.m. The equivalent energy potential is about 6,000 million GWh of energy per year.  The highest annual global radiation is received in Rajasthan and northern Gujarat.
Challenges Faced by Smart Grid Present Infrastructure is inadequate and requires augmentation to support the growth of Smart Grids. Most renewable resources are  intermittent and can not be relied on (in its present form)for secure energy supply Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of Smart Grid; like off peak, peak tariffs and other related matters.  Grid Operation : Monitoring & control
Smart grid iit-jodhpur-apr10
POWERGRID’s Initiative towards  Smart Grid Pilot Project in Northern Region Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAM) for Western Region
NR Pilot Project PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units ) with GPS system to be installed at four substations of Northern Region and PDC at NRLDC, Delhi. (PMU Locations:  Moga- 400 KV, Kanpur- 400 KV S/s, Vindhyachal- HVDC, Dadri- HVDC   ) To use Phasor Measurements data for better situational awareness and technology evaluation using minimal hardware & software  Use of existing fibre communication link Project implementation plan:   4 Month from date of award
Status of Project The Project is awarded to M/s SEL on 11/01/10 The completion is likely by May’2010
Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) for Western Region
Intelligent Monitoring & Control of WR Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs)   The Project is approved by CSIR & Funded by CSIR (Council of  Scientific and Industrial Research) under  New Millennium India Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI) Along with POWERGRID other members of the consortium are:- TCS-Leader IIT Mumbai Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power)
Wide Area Measurements (WAM)  Project Highlights Project Duration – 3 Years Implementation Completion 2 Years and testing in last one year.
Thank You!
Integration of Renewables Net Zero – Energy / Water / Waste Green Community – Self Sufficient & Reliant Judicial Mix of various Technologies and Options for different use Use or Supply Draw or Store Storage Options Type of Use Heating /Cooling Illumination / Ventilation Machine Operations Appliance Powering ( Computers / Printers / Copiers / Faxes) Domestic Appliances
Integration of Renewables Chioce of Current AC or Dc AC – DC DC – AC DC – DC Switches  and Disconnectors Availability of Domestic DC Appliances -  Power Packs Connectivity to Grid – Size of Plant, Distance to Consumers Control Strategy and Methodology – availability of softwares

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Smart grid iit-jodhpur-apr10

  • 1. Smart Grid & Integration of Renewable Energy Resources
  • 2. The Smart Grid is a combination of hardware, management and reporting software, built atop an intelligent communications infrastructure. In the world of the Smart Grid, consumers and utility companies alike have tools to manage, monitor and respond to energy issues . The flow of electricity from utility to consumer becomes a two-way conversation , saving consumers money , energy , delivering more transparency in terms of end-user use, and reducing carbon emissions. What is Smart Grid ?
  • 3. Modernization of the electricity delivery system so that it monitors, protects and automatically optimizes the operation of its interconnected elements – from the central and distributed generator through the high-voltage network and distribution system, to industrial users and building automation systems, to energy storage installations and to end-use consumers and their thermostats, electric vehicles, appliances and other household devices . The Smart Grid in large, sits at the intersection of Energy, IT and Telecommunication Technologies . What is Smart Grid ?
  • 4. Pillars of Smart Grid Transmission Optimization Demand Side Management Distribution Optimization Asset Optimization
  • 6. Need for development of Smart Grid having features like- Phasor Measurement Technique Wide Area Measurement (WAM) Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Adoptive Islanding Self healing Grids Probabilistic and Dynamic Stability Assessment Distributed and autonomous Control Technology Integration & Grid Management
  • 7. Time synchronized sub-second data Dynamic behavior observing Directly provides the phase angles (State Estimation to State Measurement ) Improve post disturbance assessment High data rates and low latency due to computation Benefits of PMU
  • 8. LD&C_SCADA STATE ESTIMATION Traditionally developed for accommodating old information technology regime (Slow communication, data without time stamp) Made possible for all round development in technologies SCADA Vs PMU Network model State Estimator SCADA Telemetry V KV P MW Q MVAR Hz Hz ~ Open Close Close Close SCADA Telemetry Several Seconds to a Minute milli secs to sec STATE MEASUREMENT
  • 10. Transmission Distribution System Operations Advance Metering Infrastructures Asset Management etc. Asset Management HVDC and UHVAC etc. Self Healing Grids WAMS Adaptive Islanding etc. Smart Grid in Power Sector
  • 11. Smart Grid in Distribution
  • 12. Smart Grid in Distribution Distribution Automization Demand Optimaization - Selective Load Control Operation –Islanding of Micro-grids
  • 13. Distribution Automization/Optimization Managing Distribution Network Model Outage management and AMI Integration DMS & Advanced Switching Applications Integrated Voltage / VAR Control
  • 14. Demand Optimization Demand Response – Utility Demand Response – Consumer Demand Response Management System In Home Technology enabling
  • 15. Demand Optimization Smart Metering – Automatic, Time of Use, Consumer Communication & Load Control Communications : Automated Metering Infrastructure (AMI) – LAN, WAN, HAN DRMS (Demand Response Management) In Home enabling technology Demand in three category: Immediate, Deferrable, Storable Customer aggregation & De-aggregation required for Peak shifting
  • 16. Demand Optimization: Advanced Web Portal Energy Usage Information Utility Communication Consumer Enrollment in DR programs In Home Technology- Availability & Purchase , Device Provisioning
  • 17. Control Center with Service Oriented Architecture (BUS) Having GIS (geo-spatial Information Systems), AMI, SAP (ERP), OMS (Outage management System), DMS (Distribution Management System), EMS (Energy Management System), DRMS (Demand Response management System). Model manager synchronizes GIS data with OMS, DMS & EMS.
  • 18. Expectation of Technology & Solution Partners To associate and collaborate with Smart Grid players in other parts of globe Develop local expertise to manufacture and provide support services Development of CIM Application Development in India Power Sector Context.
  • 19. Why Smart Grid? Integrate isolated technologies : Smart Grid enables better energy management. Proactive management of electrical network during emergency situations. Better demand supply / demand response management. Better power quality Reduce carbon emissions. Increasing demand for energy : requires more complex and critical solution with better energy management
  • 20.  
  • 21. Drivers of Smart Grid Increasing demand: High Aggregate Technical & Non Technical, Losses:18%-62% Ageing assets…transformers, feeders etc., Grid to carry more power: Need for, Reliability and greater Security Billing and collections: Profitability of distribution companies Energy mix: Need for Renewable to reduce carbon footprint
  • 22. Implementation leads to ….. Deliver sustainable energy Increased efficiency Empower consumers Improve reliability Smart Grid
  • 23. New Technologies for….. Energy Storage to support a Resilient Smart Grid (Comparing & evaluating cost competitiveness of: Compressed air, pumped hydro, ultra capacitors, flywheels, battery tech, fuel cells.) Smart Grid & Electric Vehicle Integration (How can electric Vehicle optimize the use of renewable energy resources, improve efficiency)
  • 25. Wind Speed: 6.0 m/s Wind Speed: 6.4 m/s Wind Speed: 7.0 m/s Wind Speed: 7.5 m/s Wind Speed: 8.0m/s The wind power potential on a national level, base data collected from 10 states considering only 1% of land availability, is around 46,092 MW. Wind Power Potential
  • 26. Estimated Wind Power Potential India State Gross Potential (MW) Andhra Pradesh 9063 Gujrat 7362 Karnatka 7161 Kerala 1026 Madhya Pradesh 4978 Maharashtra 4519 Orissa 1520 Rajasthan 6672 Tamil nadu 4159 West Bengal 32 Total 46092
  • 27. Map showing the solar radiation across India
  • 28. Solar Power Potential If tropical India were to convert just 1% of the 5,000 trillion kilowatt-hour of solar radiation (or, simply, sunlight) it receives a year into energy, the country will have enough to meet its energy needs. In most parts of India, clear sunny weather is experienced 250 to 300 days a year. The annual global radiation varies from 1600 to 2200 kWh/sq.m. The equivalent energy potential is about 6,000 million GWh of energy per year. The highest annual global radiation is received in Rajasthan and northern Gujarat.
  • 29. Challenges Faced by Smart Grid Present Infrastructure is inadequate and requires augmentation to support the growth of Smart Grids. Most renewable resources are intermittent and can not be relied on (in its present form)for secure energy supply Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of Smart Grid; like off peak, peak tariffs and other related matters. Grid Operation : Monitoring & control
  • 31. POWERGRID’s Initiative towards Smart Grid Pilot Project in Northern Region Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAM) for Western Region
  • 32. NR Pilot Project PMUs (Phasor Measurement Units ) with GPS system to be installed at four substations of Northern Region and PDC at NRLDC, Delhi. (PMU Locations: Moga- 400 KV, Kanpur- 400 KV S/s, Vindhyachal- HVDC, Dadri- HVDC ) To use Phasor Measurements data for better situational awareness and technology evaluation using minimal hardware & software Use of existing fibre communication link Project implementation plan: 4 Month from date of award
  • 33. Status of Project The Project is awarded to M/s SEL on 11/01/10 The completion is likely by May’2010
  • 34. Intelligent Monitoring & Control of the Interconnected Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) for Western Region
  • 35. Intelligent Monitoring & Control of WR Electric Power Grid Using Wide Area Measurements (WAMs) The Project is approved by CSIR & Funded by CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) under New Millennium India Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI) Along with POWERGRID other members of the consortium are:- TCS-Leader IIT Mumbai Tata Power Company Limited (Tata Power)
  • 36. Wide Area Measurements (WAM) Project Highlights Project Duration – 3 Years Implementation Completion 2 Years and testing in last one year.
  • 38. Integration of Renewables Net Zero – Energy / Water / Waste Green Community – Self Sufficient & Reliant Judicial Mix of various Technologies and Options for different use Use or Supply Draw or Store Storage Options Type of Use Heating /Cooling Illumination / Ventilation Machine Operations Appliance Powering ( Computers / Printers / Copiers / Faxes) Domestic Appliances
  • 39. Integration of Renewables Chioce of Current AC or Dc AC – DC DC – AC DC – DC Switches and Disconnectors Availability of Domestic DC Appliances - Power Packs Connectivity to Grid – Size of Plant, Distance to Consumers Control Strategy and Methodology – availability of softwares

Editor's Notes