smart grid:the future grid
- 1. SMART GRID: THE FUTURE GRID
- 2. SUPERVISED BY- Mr. SUNEEL KUMAR (HOD) Mr. ABHISHEK CHAUHAN PRESENTED BY- PRAVEEN KUMAR SINGH (1673520034) RAJKIYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE BIJNOR DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PRESENTATION ON SMART GRID
- 3. WHAT IS GRID? IDEA BEHIND SMART GRID WHAT IS SMART GRID? CONCEPT BEHIND SMART GRID SMART GRID IMPLEMENTATION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES SMART GRID IMPLEMENTATION IN INDIA FUTURE SCOPE REFERENCES CONTENTS
- 4. HOW ENERGY WE CONSUME IS PRODUCED?
- 5. WHAT IS GRID? An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers which consists of- Generating stations that produce electrical power High voltage transmission lines that carry power from distance sources to demand centers Distribution lines that connect individual customers.
- 6. IDEA BEHIND SMART GRID- BALANCING SUPPLY AND DEMAND STABILITY AND SAFETY USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
- 7. UNFORTUNATELY, Much of the grid was designed and constructed with technology developed in 1950’s and 1960’s where latest technologies like power electronics, software tools were in thoughts. It was never intended to carry the amazing amount of power that todays electricity-hungry indian’s consume. In short grid is out of date.
- 8. WHAT IS SMART GRID? It is a modern,updated and smart transmission system It is a generic label for application of computer, intelligence and networking abilities to the existing dumb electricity distribution system It listens,processes and even responds In short – its all about adding intelligence to our aging electric power infrastructure and delivery systems, from the power plant to the application in your home.
- 9. CONCEPT BEHIND SMART GRID The basic concept of smart grid is to add monitoring,analysis,control and communication capabilities to the national electricity delivery system. This in turn can maximize the output of equipment,help utilities lower cost,improve reliability,decrease interruptions and reduce energy consumption.
- 10. TRADITIONAL POWER GRID- SMART GRID- Smart grid basic concept- TWO WAY FLOW OF ELECTRICITY-ONE WAY FLOW OF ELECTRICITY-
- 11. Smart grid concept can be implemented in power system- Generation Transmission Distribution CONSUMPTION
- 12. Smart generation system Centralized power generation Distributed power generation
- 14. SMART POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM- TRADITIONAL TRANSMISSION SMART TRANSMISSION
- 15. SMART TRANSMISSION SYSTEM COMPONENTS PMU FACTS WAMS
- 16. PMU- A PMU MEASURES THE ELECTRICAL WAVES USING GPS FOR TIME SYNCHRONISATION. THE DEVICES ARE INSTALLED AT THE BEGIN AS WELL AS THE END OF A LINE AND SEND BOTH SIGNALS TO A WIDE AREA MEASUREMENT SYSTEM (WAMS). THE WAMS COMPARES THE SIGNALS AND DETERMINES THE PHASE DIFFERENCE. SO IT IS POSSIBLE TO DETERMINE THE COMPLEX VOLTAGE VECTOR RESPECTIVELY THE STATE. FACTS- FACTS IS THE ACRONYM FOR “FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS” AND REFERS TO A GROUP OF RESOURCES USED TO OVERCOME CERTAIN LIMITATIONS IN THE STATIC AND DYNAMIC TRANSMISSION CAPACITY OF ELECTRICAL NETWORKS.IT IS ALTERNATING CURRENT TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS INCORPORATING POWER- ELECTRONICS BASED AND OTHER STATIC CONTROLLERS TO ENHANCE CONTROL ABILITY AND POWER TRANSFER ABILITY. THE MAIN PURPOSE OF THESE SYSTEMS IS TO SUPPLY THE NETWORK AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE WITH INDUCTIVE OR CAPACITIVE REACTIVE POWER THAT IS ADAPTED TO ITS PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS, WHILE ALSO IMPROVING TRANSMISSION QUALITY AND THE EFFICIENCY OF THE POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM. WAMS- WAMS TRANSFORM INSTANTANEOUS SYNCHROPHASOR MEASUREMENTS INTO VALUABLE INFORMATION THROUGH REAL-TIME “MEASUREMENT-BASED” ANALYTICS, AND COMBINES THEM WITH “MODEL-BASED” PREDICTIVE VISIBILITY, PROVIDING ADVANCED DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS TO BETTER ASSESS GRID RELIABILITY AND MAXIMIZE TRANSFER CAPACITY. THIS GIVES GRID OPERATORS AN HOLISTIC AND ACCURATE VIEW OF CURRENT GRID STATUS, BETTER INTELLIGENCE TO UNDERSTAND, PREDICT AND MITIGATE POTENTIAL DEVELOPING EVENTS.
- 17. SMART DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM SMART DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM MEANS IT EQUIPPED WITH SMART METERS AND DEVICES. SMART METERS IS REPLACEMENT OF ANALOG METERS AT POINTS OF CONSUMPTION WITH DIGITAL METERS WHICH CAN TRANSMIT THEIR READINGS MUCH MORE REGULARLY WITHOUT MANUAL INTERVENTION. IT HELPS IN UNDERSTANDING THE PATTERNS OF CONSUMPTION SO THAT GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY IS DONE ACCORDING TO CONSUMPTION. THESE SMART SENSORS ARE USED TO PROVIDE DATA BACK TO OPERATIONAL CENTERS WITHOUT MANUAL INTERVENTION. THIS ALLOWS ANALYTICS TO DETERMINE IMBALANCES QUICKLY AND GREATER REFINEMENT OF SETTINGS FOR BEST QUALITY OF ELECTRICITY. IT HELPS IN MAINTAINING PROPER LEVEL OF REACTIVE POWER IN SYSTEM.
- 18. Smart distribution system components FLISR FAULT LOCATION, ISOLATION, AND SERVICE RESTORATION (FLISR) SYSTEM, INTEGRATED INTO THE OUTAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM , CAN RESTORE POWER TO UN FAULTED PORTIONS OF A FAULTED LINE IN SECONDS. ISLANDING ISLANDING IS KNOWN AS A MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE OF THE POWER SYSTEM THAT IS IMPLEMENTED AT THE DISTRIBUTION LEVEL TO PRESERVE SENSIBLE LOADS FROM OUTAGES AND TO GUARANTEE THE CONTINUITY IN ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, WHEN A HIGH AMOUNT OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION OCCURS. SCADA ACRONYM FOR SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION, A COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR GATHERING AND ANALYZING REAL TIME DATA. SCADA SYSTEMS ARE USED TO MONITOR AND CONTROL A PLANT OR EQUIPMENT IN INDUSTRIES SUCH AS TELECOMMUNICATIONS, WATER AND WASTE CONTROL, ENERGY, OIL AND GAS REFINING AND TRANSPORTATION.
- 19. Smart consumer and load SMARTHOME- SMART HOME USES EMERGING GRID TECHNOLOGIES TO SAVE ENERGY,SEEK OUT THE LOWEST RATE,AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE SMOOTH AND EFFICIENT FUNCTIONING OF OUR ELECTRIC GRID. SMARTHOMEDEPENDON- SMART METERS HOME ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM HOME POWER GENERATION
- 20. SMART METER- Provide the smart grid interface between consumer and energy service provider. Operate digitaly Provide information about usage of electricity in different service areas to the energy service providers. Home energy management system- Allow consumers to track energy usage in detail to better save energy Allow consumers to moniter real time information and demand signal Allow to create settings to automatically use power when off peak demand Home power generation- Power generation system Rooftop solar electric system Small wind turbines Home fuel cell system for production of heat and power from natural gas
- 21. Smart consumers engagement- Save energy with proper scheduling of smart home appliances Pay less for consuming energy in off peak hour
- 22. Smart grid communication system
- 23. Advantages- Better energy management Reliability of power supply Better demand supply / demand response management Reduce carbon emissions Protecting the environment
- 24. Disadvantages- PRESENT INFRASTRUCTURE IS INADEQUATE & REQUIRES HIGH COST OF INSTALLATION SMART GRID IS CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEM IT CAN BE HACKED MOST RENEWABLEENERGY SOURCES ARE INTERMITTENT & NOT RELIABLE
- 25. Smart grid implemented in india Pondicherry Smart Grid Pilot Project- POWERGRID has taken a pioneering initiative to develop Smart Grid Pilot Project at Pondecherry through collaborative efforts jointly with Electricity Departments, Govt. of Pondecherry for demonstration of efficacy More than 50 organization has participated with POWERGRID for this unique initative BESCOM Project:Bangalore- Integratation of renewable and distributed energy resources to the grid KEPCO PROJECT IN KERALA
- 26. FUTURE SCOPE The government of India approved the establishment of a national smart grid mission(NSGM) in power sector(March,2015) NSGM to plan and monitor implementation of policies and programmes related to Smart Grid activities in India. NSGM Project management unit (NPMU) housed in POWERGRID. NSGM will have its own resources, authority, functional and financial autonomy The total outlay for NSGM activities for 12 th plan:Rs.980 crore with a budgetary support of Rs.338 crore.
- 27. REFERENCES- “The Green Grid: Energy Savings and Carbon Emissions Reductions Enabled by a Smart Grid,”‘ EPRI Palo Alto, CA: 2008 Frederic Butler, “A Call to order – A regulatory perspective on the smart grid,” IEEE Power & Energy Magazine, April 2009 Sohal, G.S., “Glimpses of Power Sector”, Ist Edition, Confluence International, New Delhi, 2004 Shahi, R V, “Indian Power Sector: Challenge & Response”, Excel, New Delhi, 2006 “Overview of Power Sector in India 2005 (revised edition)”, India Core Publishing, New Delhi, 2005 ‘The Indian Electricity Market: Country Study and Investment Context” P.M. Lamb. , July.2006
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