Smart grid
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The document outlines the concept of smart grids, which are digitally enabled electrical grids that enhance connectivity, automation, and coordination. Key components include demand management, distributed electricity generation, and advanced software and communication systems, which facilitate real-time monitoring and control of the electrical grid. It also discusses the benefits of smart grids, such as enabling consumer participation and improving energy efficiency, while highlighting the challenges in infrastructure and regulatory policies that need addressing for successful implementation.
Smart grid
- 1. TOPIC: Smart Grid SELF STUDY COURSE-1 (An Autonomous institute)
- 2. ABSTRACT • A smart grid is a digitally enabled electrical grid. • It gathers, distributes, and acts on information about the behavior of all participants. • An electrical grid is not a single entity. • Smart grids increase the connectivity, automation and coordination • Perform either long distance transmission or local distribution tasks.
- 3. SMART GRID • The future Grid will be a combination of hardware, management and reporting software. • The flow of electricity from utility to consumer becomes a two-way conversation. • A new, more intelligent electric system, or “Smart Grid,” is required. • A Smart Grid provides utility companies with near-real- time information
- 4. COMPONENTS OF A SMART GRID A Smart Grid comprises three major components: 1) Demand management 2) Distributed electricity generation 3) Transmission and Distribution grid management. 4) Advanced software& hardware, advanced materials 5) Communication systems
- 5. 1) Demand management: Demand management works to reduce electricity consumption in homes, offices, and factories. 1)Demand response 2) Smart meters and Dynamic pricing
- 6. 2) Distributed electricity generation: Distributed generation is the use of small-scale power generation technologies. 1) Renewable energy using micro generation devices. Fig: Renewable energy using micro generation devices
- 7. 3) Transmission and Distribution grid management: Utility companies are turning to IT solutions to monitor and control the electrical grid in real time. 1) Grid monitoring and control 2) Grid security and surveillance
- 8. 4) Advanced software& hardware, advanced materials: 1) Smart buildings with smart appliances 2) Energy dashboards and controllers • Superconducting power cables • Advanced sensors
- 9. 5) Communication systems: • Intelligent Network Agent gathers data, makes decision about local switching of control functions • Communicates with control centers Integrated Enterprise Software will have Custom-built applications • Energy Management System processes Load analysis and forecasting. • Wireless Mesh Networking for the Smart Grid
- 10. SMART GRID BENEFITS A Smart Grid will: • Enable consumers to manage their own energy consumption through dashboards and electronic energy advisories. • Broadcast demand-response alerts to lower peak energy demand • A Smart Grid will encourage home and building owners • Ex: The introduction of PHEVs to act as temporary electricity storage devices, • Utility companies can implement smart electric meters • Underground transmission and distribution lines can control the meter theft
- 11. Benefits Remedial ways: • Increase distributed solar and wind power generation • Use demand management • Monitor and control the energy grid in near-real time Examples: • Rooftop solar panels need to notify backup power generators • Utility companies need to communicate with and control appliances • Factory operators must know the cost of electric power every few minutes
- 12. CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GRID • Intelligent – capable of sensing system overloads and rerouting power • Efficient – capable of meeting increased consumer demand without adding infrastructure • Accommodating – accepting energy from virtually any fuel source including Solar and wind as easily and transparently as coal and natural gas • Motivating – enabling real-time communication between the consumer and utility • Opportunistic – creating new opportunities and markets • Quality-focused – capable of delivering the power quality necessary • Resilient – increasingly resistant to attack and natural disasters • “Green” – slowing the advance of global climate change and offering a genuine path toward significant environmental improvement
- 13. Characteristic Today’s Grid Smart Grid Enables active participation by consumers Consumers are uninformed and non-participative with power system Informed, involved, and active consumers - demand response and Distributed energy resources. Accommodates all generation and storage options Dominated by central generation- many obstacles exist for distributed energy resources interconnection Many distributed energy resources with plug-and-play convenience focus on renewables Enables new products, services and markets Limited wholesale markets, not well integrated - limited opportunities for consumers Mature, well-integrated wholesale markets, growth of new electricity markets for consumers Provides power quality for the digital economy Focus on outages - slow response to power quality issues Power quality is a priority with a variety of quality/price options - rapid resolution of issues
- 14. Characteristic Today’s Grid Smart Grid Optimizes assets & operates efficiently Little integration of operational data with asset management - business process silos Greatly expanded data acquisition of grid parameters - focus on prevention, minimizing impact to consumers Anticipates and responds to system disturbances (self-heals) Responds to prevent further damage- focus is on protecting assets following fault Automatically detects and responds to problems - focus on prevention, minimizing impact to consumer Operates resiliently against attack and natural disaster Vulnerable to malicious acts of terror and natural disasters Resilient to attack and natural disasters with rapid restoration capabilities
- 15. CHALLENGES FACING BY SMART GRID • Present Infrastructure is inadequate and requires augmentation • Most renewable resources are intermittent • Regulatory Policies to deal with consequences of Smart Grid; like off peak, peak tariffs and other related matters. • Grid Operation : Monitoring & control
- 16. CONCLUSION • To make the Smart Grid a Reality, there is a growing consensus in governments, regulators, utility companies, and businesses. • Rising fuel costs, underinvestment in an infrastructure, and climate change are all converging. • The core technology and communications standards required to develop the Smart Grid are currently being developed. • To accelerate development, state, county, and local governments, electric utility companies, public electricity regulators, and IT companies must all come together and work toward a common goal. • Prepare for an electric system that is Cleaner and more efficient, reliable and responsive –A smarter grid.
- 17. THANKYOU