Some and Any
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Some is used in positive sentences, while any is used in negative sentences or questions. Both some and any can be used as compounds like something/anything or someone/anyone. There are a few exceptions: any is used without help or with hardly, and when offering a choice without preference. Some is used when offering or requesting something expected to be accepted. The same rules apply to compounds like something, anywhere, or anything. Negative sentences can also use no and no compounds like nothing, nobody, or nowhere.
Some and Any
- 1. SOMEAND ANY Some = positive sentences Any = negative andquestions I have some time for class I have some students I don’thave any time for class I don’thave any students Do you have any time for class? Do you have any students? Itis important to see that ‘any’ DOES NOTMAKE A SENTENCE NEGATIVE. Itis used when the sentence is already negative (it has negative words like ‘don’t’ or ‘isn’t, etc.) Some and Any Compounds The same rules apply when wemake compounds: Something/Anything Someone/Anyone (somebody/anybody) Somewhere/Anywhere There is something on the table. There wasn’tanyone at the party. Do you know somewhere to stay in New York? Remember someone/anyoneis 3rd personsingular: Doesanyone have my book? Someone is at the door. Like above, the ‘any’ compounds do not make a sentence negative. The sentence is already grammatically negative.
- 2. Exceptions: Positive Sentences: 1. We use ‘some’ in positive sentences EXCEPT after the words ‘never’, ‘without’ and ‘hardly’ when we use‘any’. She did her homework withoutany help There were hardly any people at the footballgame. 2. When we are offered a choice of options and we don’t mind which one we get or we talk about someone having complete freedomto choose: He’s notfussy. He’ll have any drink you buy him. You can have any seat in the restaurant: it’s empty! Questions: 3. In questions we use‘any’ EXCEPT when offering something or requesting something weuse‘some’. Would you like some coffee? Can I have some orange juice please? The exceptions work the same for compounds: Can I get you something to drink? You look upset? Did something happen to you? (expect the answer to be ‘yes’) Where do you wantto go tonight? I don’tcare, we can go anywhere. Whatdo you wantto do this weekend? We can do anything you want. Itis possibleto use ‘no’ and ‘no’ compounds to make a sentence negative: Nothing, no one (nobody), nowhere He hasno time for extra classes. I have no students at the moment. There was nothing left to eat. Nobody came to the party. There is nowhere to stay in New York.