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1© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
What You Make Possible
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2Cisco Confidential 2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Aditya Bayu Putranto – Fresh Graduate & CCNA Certified
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3Cisco Confidential 3© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Aditya Bayu Putranto – Fresh Graduate & CCNA Certified
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4Cisco Confidential 4© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Actually 4 things
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5Cisco Confidential 5© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
At Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta, Indonesia
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6
• WebEx Meeting
• Technical & Non Technical
• Topic for My Thesis
• Only 2960 and 1900
• Spanning Tree Protocol
• My Thesis Supervisor Agree
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7Cisco Confidential 7© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Just technical issue.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8
Business Communication
Reliable Network
Redundant Network
Small Company
Cisco Switch 2960
Spanning Tree Protocol
Legacy protocol
STP timers
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9
Convergence Time 30 – 50 second
Maximum Network Diameter 7
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13
Timers Setting vs Convergence Time.
Timers Setting vs Network Diameter.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14
STP Timers impact for initial convergence, failover convergence,
dan recovery convergence.
Probability, Fail to Convergent.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15
• Literature Review
• Planning
• Implement
• Data Measurement
• Data Analysis
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16Cisco Confidential 16© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Aditya Bayu Putranto - 085314113
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19Cisco Confidential 19© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Let’s zoom in
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20Cisco Confidential 20© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
The legacy protocol
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21Cisco Confidential 21© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 22
Electing a root switch
Determining the root port
Determining the designated port
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23
Hello Time
Forward Delay
Maximum Age
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25Cisco Confidential 25© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
My technical constraint device constraint.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 26
Only 9 Catalyst 2960
Data Measurement
Whole Network
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 27
Network Diameter
Debug Spanning Tree Protocol
Network Time Protocol
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 28
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 29
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 30
Switch>enable
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 hello 2
Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 forward 15
Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 max 20
Switch(config)#
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 31
• Initial Convergence
• Failover Convergence
• Recovery Convergence
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 32
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 34
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35Cisco Confidential 35© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
…
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36Cisco Confidential 36© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*Direct Topology Change
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 37
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 38
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 39
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40Cisco Confidential 40© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 41
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 42
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 43
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44Cisco Confidential 44© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 45
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 46
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 47
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 48
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 49
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 50
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51Cisco Confidential 51© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Aditya Bayu Putranto - 085314113
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 52
• Forward Delay
• Flapping
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 53
• More Maximum Network
Diameter
• Packet Filtering
• How far STP timers default
can accommodate network
diameter?
• How's STP 802.1D, PVST+,
dan Rapid PVST+
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 54
• Hucaby, David (2010), CCNP Switch 642-813 Official Certification Guide,
Chapter 7: “Traditional Spanning Tree Protocol”.
• Cisco System, Inc. (2007), CCNA Exploration 4.0: LAN Switching and
Wireless, Cisco System, Inc., Chapter 1: “Switched LAN Architecture”.
• Cisco System, Inc. (2007), CCNA Exploration 4.0: LAN Switching and
Wireless, Cisco System, Inc., Chapter 3: “VLANs”.
• Cisco System, Inc (2007), CCNA Exploration 4.0: LAN Switching and
Wireless, Cisco System, Inc., Chapter 4: “STP”.
• Sofana, Iwan (2010), Cisco CCNA & Jaringan Komputer, Penerbit Informatika.
• Hucaby, David (2010), CCNP Switch 642-813 Official Certification Guide,
Chapter 4: “VLANs and Trunks”
• Sincoskie, W. D., Cotton, C. J (1988), Extended Bridge Algorithms for Large
Networks, IEEE Network Journal January
• Bryant, Chris (2011), What Are Broadcast Storms?, MC MCSE Certification
Resources (www.mcmse.com/cisco/guides/broadcasts.shtml), Diakses pada
tanggal: 5 Juni 2012.
• Cisco Systems, Inc. (2006), Understanding and Tuning Spanning Tree
Protocol Timers, Document ID: 19120.
• Cisco Systems, Inc. (2005), Data Sheet: Cisco Catalyst 2960 Series Switches.
• The Wireshark Team, “Wireshark FAQ”, (www.wireshark.org/faq.html),
Diakses pada tanggal 9 September 2012.
• IEEE 802.1 Working Group (1998), “802.1D-1998 ANSI/IEEE Standards
802.1D, 1998 Edition Document: Media Access Control Bridges”
• Cisco Systems, Inc., “Cisco Catalyst 2960 Series Switches”
(www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6406/index.html), Diakses pada tanggal 18
November 2012.
• Networkers 2004, “Accurate Time Synchronization on Cisco Routers”, Cisco
Document ID: NMS-1N03.
• Quigley, J Colin (2011), “An Investigation into Spanning Tree Protocol 802.1D
and Convergence Performance”, Honours Final Project Report.
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 55
Thank you.

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Spanning Tree Protocol Thesis - Aditya Bayu Putranto

  • 1. 1© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. What You Make Possible
  • 2. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2Cisco Confidential 2© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Aditya Bayu Putranto – Fresh Graduate & CCNA Certified
  • 3. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3Cisco Confidential 3© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Aditya Bayu Putranto – Fresh Graduate & CCNA Certified
  • 4. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 4Cisco Confidential 4© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Actually 4 things
  • 5. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5Cisco Confidential 5© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. At Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • 6. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6 • WebEx Meeting • Technical & Non Technical • Topic for My Thesis • Only 2960 and 1900 • Spanning Tree Protocol • My Thesis Supervisor Agree
  • 7. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7Cisco Confidential 7© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Just technical issue.
  • 8. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8 Business Communication Reliable Network Redundant Network Small Company Cisco Switch 2960 Spanning Tree Protocol Legacy protocol STP timers
  • 9. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9 Convergence Time 30 – 50 second Maximum Network Diameter 7
  • 10. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10
  • 11. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11
  • 12. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12
  • 13. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13 Timers Setting vs Convergence Time. Timers Setting vs Network Diameter.
  • 14. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14 STP Timers impact for initial convergence, failover convergence, dan recovery convergence. Probability, Fail to Convergent.
  • 15. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15 • Literature Review • Planning • Implement • Data Measurement • Data Analysis
  • 16. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16Cisco Confidential 16© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Aditya Bayu Putranto - 085314113
  • 17. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17
  • 18. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18
  • 19. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19Cisco Confidential 19© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Let’s zoom in
  • 20. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20Cisco Confidential 20© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The legacy protocol
  • 21. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21Cisco Confidential 21© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 22. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 22 Electing a root switch Determining the root port Determining the designated port
  • 23. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23 Hello Time Forward Delay Maximum Age
  • 24. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24
  • 25. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25Cisco Confidential 25© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. My technical constraint device constraint.
  • 26. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 26 Only 9 Catalyst 2960 Data Measurement Whole Network
  • 27. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 27 Network Diameter Debug Spanning Tree Protocol Network Time Protocol
  • 28. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 28
  • 29. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 29
  • 30. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 30 Switch>enable Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 hello 2 Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 forward 15 Switch(config)#spanning-tree vlan 1 max 20 Switch(config)#
  • 31. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 31 • Initial Convergence • Failover Convergence • Recovery Convergence
  • 32. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 32
  • 33. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33
  • 34. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 34
  • 35. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35Cisco Confidential 35© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. …
  • 36. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36Cisco Confidential 36© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. *Direct Topology Change
  • 37. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 37
  • 38. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 38
  • 39. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 39
  • 40. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40Cisco Confidential 40© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 41. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 41
  • 42. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 42
  • 43. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 43
  • 44. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44Cisco Confidential 44© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  • 45. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 45
  • 46. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 46
  • 47. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 47
  • 48. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 48
  • 49. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 49
  • 50. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 50
  • 51. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51Cisco Confidential 51© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Aditya Bayu Putranto - 085314113
  • 52. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 52 • Forward Delay • Flapping
  • 53. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 53 • More Maximum Network Diameter • Packet Filtering • How far STP timers default can accommodate network diameter? • How's STP 802.1D, PVST+, dan Rapid PVST+
  • 54. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 54 • Hucaby, David (2010), CCNP Switch 642-813 Official Certification Guide, Chapter 7: “Traditional Spanning Tree Protocol”. • Cisco System, Inc. (2007), CCNA Exploration 4.0: LAN Switching and Wireless, Cisco System, Inc., Chapter 1: “Switched LAN Architecture”. • Cisco System, Inc. (2007), CCNA Exploration 4.0: LAN Switching and Wireless, Cisco System, Inc., Chapter 3: “VLANs”. • Cisco System, Inc (2007), CCNA Exploration 4.0: LAN Switching and Wireless, Cisco System, Inc., Chapter 4: “STP”. • Sofana, Iwan (2010), Cisco CCNA & Jaringan Komputer, Penerbit Informatika. • Hucaby, David (2010), CCNP Switch 642-813 Official Certification Guide, Chapter 4: “VLANs and Trunks” • Sincoskie, W. D., Cotton, C. J (1988), Extended Bridge Algorithms for Large Networks, IEEE Network Journal January • Bryant, Chris (2011), What Are Broadcast Storms?, MC MCSE Certification Resources (www.mcmse.com/cisco/guides/broadcasts.shtml), Diakses pada tanggal: 5 Juni 2012. • Cisco Systems, Inc. (2006), Understanding and Tuning Spanning Tree Protocol Timers, Document ID: 19120. • Cisco Systems, Inc. (2005), Data Sheet: Cisco Catalyst 2960 Series Switches. • The Wireshark Team, “Wireshark FAQ”, (www.wireshark.org/faq.html), Diakses pada tanggal 9 September 2012. • IEEE 802.1 Working Group (1998), “802.1D-1998 ANSI/IEEE Standards 802.1D, 1998 Edition Document: Media Access Control Bridges” • Cisco Systems, Inc., “Cisco Catalyst 2960 Series Switches” (www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6406/index.html), Diakses pada tanggal 18 November 2012. • Networkers 2004, “Accurate Time Synchronization on Cisco Routers”, Cisco Document ID: NMS-1N03. • Quigley, J Colin (2011), “An Investigation into Spanning Tree Protocol 802.1D and Convergence Performance”, Honours Final Project Report.
  • 55. © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 55