Sqlite perl
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The document discusses how to integrate SQLite with Perl using the DBI module. It provides steps to install DBI and SQLite drivers for Perl and describes important DBI APIs to connect to a SQLite database, execute SQL statements, and perform CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations. Code examples are given to create a database, table, insert, select, update, and delete records.
![my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
$stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 ));
$rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
$stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 ));
$rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
$stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 ););
$rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
print "Records created successfullyn";
$dbh->disconnect();
When above program is executed, it will create given records in COMPANY table and will display
following two line:
Opened database successfully
Records created successfully
SELECT Operation
Following Perl program shows how we can fetch and display records from our COMPANY table
created in above example:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use DBI;
use strict;
my $driver = "SQLite";
my $database = "test.db";
my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database";
my $userid = "";
my $password = "";
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })
or die $DBI::errstr;
print "Opened database successfullyn";
my $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY;);
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt );
my $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr;
if($rv < 0){
print $DBI::errstr;
}
while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
print "ID = ". $row[0] . "n";
print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n";
print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n";
print "SALARY = ". $row[3] ."nn";
}
print "Operation done successfullyn";
$dbh->disconnect();
When above program is executed, it will produce following result:
Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 20000
ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sqliteperl-180620080846/85/Sqlite-perl-4-320.jpg)
![ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000
ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000
Operation done successfully
UPDATE Operation
Following Perl code shows how we can use UPDATE statement to update any record and then
fetch and display updated records from our COMPANY table:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use DBI;
use strict;
my $driver = "SQLite";
my $database = "test.db";
my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database";
my $userid = "";
my $password = "";
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })
or die $DBI::errstr;
print "Opened database successfullyn";
my $stmt = qq(UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;);
my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
if( $rv < 0 ){
print $DBI::errstr;
}else{
print "Total number of rows updated : $rvn";
}
$stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY;);
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt );
$rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr;
if($rv < 0){
print $DBI::errstr;
}
while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
print "ID = ". $row[0] . "n";
print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n";
print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n";
print "SALARY = ". $row[3] ."nn";
}
print "Operation done successfullyn";
$dbh->disconnect();
When above program is executed, it will produce following result:
Opened database successfully
Total number of rows updated : 1
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000
ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sqliteperl-180620080846/85/Sqlite-perl-5-320.jpg)
![SALARY = 20000
ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000
Operation done successfully
DELETE Operation
Following Perl code shows how we can use DELETE statement to delete any record and then fetch
and display remaining records from our COMPANY table:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use DBI;
use strict;
my $driver = "SQLite";
my $database = "test.db";
my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database";
my $userid = "";
my $password = "";
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 })
or die $DBI::errstr;
print "Opened database successfullyn";
my $stmt = qq(DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;);
my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
if( $rv < 0 ){
print $DBI::errstr;
}else{
print "Total number of rows deleted : $rvn";
}
$stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY;);
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt );
$rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr;
if($rv < 0){
print $DBI::errstr;
}
while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) {
print "ID = ". $row[0] . "n";
print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n";
print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n";
print "SALARY = ". $row[3] ."nn";
}
print "Operation done successfullyn";
$dbh->disconnect();
When above program is executed, it will produce following result:
Opened database successfully
Total number of rows deleted : 1
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000
ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000
Operation done successfully](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sqliteperl-180620080846/85/Sqlite-perl-6-320.jpg)
Sqlite perl
- 1. http://www.tutorialspoint.com/sqlite/sqlite_perl.htm Copyright © tutorialspoint.com SQLITE PERL TUTORIAL Installation The SQLite3 can be integrated with Perl using Perl DBI module which is a database access module for the Perl programming language. It defines a set of methods, variables and conventions that provide a standard database interface. Here are simple steps to install DBI module on your Linux/Unix machine: $ wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/T/TI/TIMB/DBI-1.625.tar.gz $ tar xvfz DBI-1.625.tar.gz $ cd DBI-1.625 $ perl Makefile.PL $ make $ make install If you need to install SQLite driver for DBI, then it can be installed as follows: $ wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/M/MS/MSERGEANT/DBD-SQLite-1.11.tar.gz $ tar xvfz DBD-SQLite-1.11.tar.gz $ cd DBD-SQLite-1.11 $ perl Makefile.PL $ make $ make install DBI Interface APIs Following are important DBI routines which can sufice your requirement to work with SQLite database from your Perl program. If you are looking for a more sophisticated application then you can look into Perl DBI official documentation. S.N. API & Description 1 DBI->connect($data_source, "", "", %attr) Establishes a database connection, or session, to the requested $data_source. Returns a database handle object if the connection succeeds. Datasource has the form like : DBI:SQLite:dbname='test.db' SQLite is SQLite driver name and test.db is the name of SQLite database file. If the filename is given as ':memory:', it will create an in-memory database in RAM that lasts only for the duration of the session. If filename is actual device file name, then it attempts to open the database file by using its value. If no file by that name exists then a new database file by that name gets created. You keep second and third paramter as blank strings and last parameter is to pass various attributes as shown below in the example. 2 $dbh->do($sql) This routine prepares and executes a single SQL statement. Returns the number of rows affected or undef on error. A return value of -1 means the number of rows is not known, not applicable, or not available. Here $dbh is a handle returned by DBI->connect() call. 3 $dbh->prepare($sql)
- 2. This routine prepares a statement for later execution by the database engine and returns a reference to a statement handle object. 4 $sth->execute() This routine performs whatever processing is necessary to execute the prepared statement. An undef is returned if an error occurs. A successful execute always returns true regardless of the number of rows affected. Here $sth is a statement handle returned by $dbh->prepare($sql) call. 5 $sth->fetchrow_array() This routine fetches the next row of data and returns it as a list containing the field values. Null fields are returned as undef values in the list. 6 $DBI::err This is equivalent to $h->err, where $h is any of the handle types like $dbh, $sth, or $drh. This returns native database engine error code from the last driver method called. 7 $DBI::errstr This is equivalent to $h->errstr, where $h is any of the handle types like $dbh, $sth, or $drh. This returns the native database engine error message from the last DBI method called. 8 $dbh->disconnect() This routine closes a database connection previously opened by a call to DBI- >connect(). Connecting To Database Following Perl code shows how to connect to an existing database. If database does not exist, then it will be created and finally a database object will be returned. #!/usr/bin/perl use DBI; use strict; my $driver = "SQLite"; my $database = "test.db"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database"; my $userid = ""; my $password = ""; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 }) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfullyn"; Now let's run above program to create our database test.db in the current directory. You can change your path as per your requirement. Keep above code in sqlite.pl file and execute it as shown below. If database is successfully created then it will give following message: $ chmod +x sqlite.pl $ ./sqlite.pl Open database successfully
- 3. Create a Table Following Perl program will be used to create a table in previously created database: #!/usr/bin/perl use DBI; use strict; my $driver = "SQLite"; my $database = "test.db"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database"; my $userid = ""; my $password = ""; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 }) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfullyn"; my $stmt = qq(CREATE TABLE COMPANY (ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, NAME TEXT NOT NULL, AGE INT NOT NULL, ADDRESS CHAR(50), SALARY REAL);); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt); if($rv < 0){ print $DBI::errstr; } else { print "Table created successfullyn"; } $dbh->disconnect(); When above program is executed, it will create COMPANY table in your test.db and it will display following messages: Opened database successfully Table created successfully NOTE: in case you see following error in any of the operation: DBD::SQLite::st execute failed: not an error(21) at dbdimp.c line 398 In this case you will have open dbdimp.c file available in DBD-SQLite installation and find out sqlite3_prepare() function and change its third argument to -1 instead of 0. Finally install DBD::SQLite using make and do make install to resolve the problem. INSERT Operation Following Perl program shows how we can create records in our COMPANY table created in above example: #!/usr/bin/perl use DBI; use strict; my $driver = "SQLite"; my $database = "test.db"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database"; my $userid = ""; my $password = ""; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 }) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfullyn"; my $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 )); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr;
- 4. my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 )); $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 )); $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; $stmt = qq(INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );); $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Records created successfullyn"; $dbh->disconnect(); When above program is executed, it will create given records in COMPANY table and will display following two line: Opened database successfully Records created successfully SELECT Operation Following Perl program shows how we can fetch and display records from our COMPANY table created in above example: #!/usr/bin/perl use DBI; use strict; my $driver = "SQLite"; my $database = "test.db"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database"; my $userid = ""; my $password = ""; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 }) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfullyn"; my $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY;); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt ); my $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; if($rv < 0){ print $DBI::errstr; } while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) { print "ID = ". $row[0] . "n"; print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n"; print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n"; print "SALARY = ". $row[3] ."nn"; } print "Operation done successfullyn"; $dbh->disconnect(); When above program is executed, it will produce following result: Opened database successfully ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 20000 ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000
- 5. ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000 Operation done successfully UPDATE Operation Following Perl code shows how we can use UPDATE statement to update any record and then fetch and display updated records from our COMPANY table: #!/usr/bin/perl use DBI; use strict; my $driver = "SQLite"; my $database = "test.db"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database"; my $userid = ""; my $password = ""; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 }) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfullyn"; my $stmt = qq(UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; if( $rv < 0 ){ print $DBI::errstr; }else{ print "Total number of rows updated : $rvn"; } $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY;); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt ); $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; if($rv < 0){ print $DBI::errstr; } while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) { print "ID = ". $row[0] . "n"; print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n"; print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n"; print "SALARY = ". $row[3] ."nn"; } print "Operation done successfullyn"; $dbh->disconnect(); When above program is executed, it will produce following result: Opened database successfully Total number of rows updated : 1 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 25000 ID = 2 NAME = Allen ADDRESS = Texas SALARY = 15000 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway
- 6. SALARY = 20000 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000 Operation done successfully DELETE Operation Following Perl code shows how we can use DELETE statement to delete any record and then fetch and display remaining records from our COMPANY table: #!/usr/bin/perl use DBI; use strict; my $driver = "SQLite"; my $database = "test.db"; my $dsn = "DBI:$driver:dbname=$database"; my $userid = ""; my $password = ""; my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $userid, $password, { RaiseError => 1 }) or die $DBI::errstr; print "Opened database successfullyn"; my $stmt = qq(DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;); my $rv = $dbh->do($stmt) or die $DBI::errstr; if( $rv < 0 ){ print $DBI::errstr; }else{ print "Total number of rows deleted : $rvn"; } $stmt = qq(SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY;); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $stmt ); $rv = $sth->execute() or die $DBI::errstr; if($rv < 0){ print $DBI::errstr; } while(my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array()) { print "ID = ". $row[0] . "n"; print "NAME = ". $row[1] ."n"; print "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."n"; print "SALARY = ". $row[3] ."nn"; } print "Operation done successfullyn"; $dbh->disconnect(); When above program is executed, it will produce following result: Opened database successfully Total number of rows deleted : 1 ID = 1 NAME = Paul ADDRESS = California SALARY = 25000 ID = 3 NAME = Teddy ADDRESS = Norway SALARY = 20000 ID = 4 NAME = Mark ADDRESS = Rich-Mond SALARY = 65000 Operation done successfully