Ss Chapter 19.1
- 1. Chapter 19 Earth Cycles and Processes GEE Science Summer Remediation Mr. Nash Donnie Bickham Middle School Room 204
- 2. Earth Recycles the Elements Earth recycles atoms and compounds over and over in a closed system. Closed system is composed of four parts: Atmosphere Hydrosphere Biosphere Lithosphere Pg. 324
- 3. Earth Recycles the Elements All four spheres depend on each other and interact closely. Changes in the rates of recycling in one of the four parts affects each sphere. If each sphere operates naturally, the health of each is maintained. Pg. 324
- 4. Earth Recycles the Elements If a pollutant is introduced into one sphere, all other areas will be affected as well. Pollutants can be naturally occurring like the debris from a volcano or an increase in salt content because of evaporation. Pollution is also the result of human activities. Pg. 324
- 5. Atmosphere Mixture of gases surrounding the earth. Believed that this mixture has changed as earth has evolved. Heat from the surface warms air close to the earth, causing air to rise. Cooler air rushes in to fill the empty area creating wind. Pg. 325
- 6. Atmosphere Winds accelerate the evaporation of water. Winds can move atmospheric gases as well as small solid particles from one place to another. Pg. 325
- 7. Hydrosphere The hydrosphere is all water environments of earth. This includes oceans and all water situated on the land surface and below ground. As water flows it moves large volumes of minerals. Pg. 325
- 8. Hydrosphere Often rock and sediment are transported thousands of miles. Where the atmosphere and the hydrosphere meet, gases in each sphere transfer to the other if conditions are right. Pg. 325
- 9. The Water Cycle Circulates freshwater between the atmosphere and the earth. 95 % of all water on earth is salt water. Most freshwater is in the form of glaciers. Freshwater is vital for carrying out metabolic processes and is replenished by the water cycle. Pg. 325
- 10. The Water Cycle Precipitation in the form of rain, ice, snow, hail, or dew falls to the earth and ends up in lakes rivers, and oceans through the precipitation itself or through runoff. Evaporation occurs from bodies of water sending water vapor into the atmosphere. Pg. 325
- 11. The Water Cycle Respiration from humans and animals and transpiration from plants also send water vapor into the atmosphere. The water vapor cools to form clouds. The clouds cool and become saturated to form precipitation again. Pg. 325
- 12. The Water Cycle Without the water cycle of evaporation, precipitation, and runoff, a freshwater supply would not be available. Pg. 325