Strategies For Reading Comprehension
Download as PPTX, PDF3 likes669 views
The document outlines strategies for enhancing reading comprehension for second language learners who are already literate in another language. It emphasizes the importance of clearly identifying reading purposes, aligning these with lesson objectives, and employing various reading strategies such as skimming and scanning. Additionally, it suggests techniques like semantic mapping and vocabulary analysis to support understanding and retention.
Strategies For Reading Comprehension
- 1. STRATEGIES FOR READING COMPREHENSIONFor mostsecondlanguagelearnerswho are alreadyliterate in a previouslanguage, readingcomprehension is primarily a matterofdevelopingappropriate, efficientcomprehensionstrategies.
- 2. Identifythepurpose in reading.Studentshave to clearlyidentifythepurpose in readingsomething.We read texts differently for different purposes.It is the teacher that has the purpose for reading in mind--not the student.Students won't know if the teacher doesn't tell them--explicitly.
- 3. Alignepurposewithlessonobjectives.keep in mind that your explicitly stated purpose(s) for reading should be aligned with your lesson objectivesLessonobjective: “By the end of this lesson, students will be able to explain what fruits and vegetables do for the body.” Which purpose would be better:A: While you read, identify the amount of fruit and vegetable that your body needs every day.B. While you read, identify three things that fruits and vegetables do for the body.
- 4. Thereasonwhyweread a text defines howweread it.Oncethepurposeofreading is clear for yourstudents, guidethem to howtheyshouldreadthetext.Providethemwithdifferentopportunities to trydifferenttechniques.Thesetechniques are calledstrategies.
- 5. Strategies – Silentreadingtechniques.Guidethem to use efficientsilentreadingtechniques for rapidcomprehension. (intermediate to advanceSs).Ssdon’tneed to “pronounce” eachword to themselves.
- 6. Try to visuallyperceivephrases (notisolatedwords).
- 7. Skip over unknownwordsunlessthey are crucial to global understanding (infermeaningfromtheircontext).Skimthetext for mainideas.Ssquicklyruntheireyesacrossthewholetext for its gist.Thepurposeofskimming is to quickly identify the main ideas of a text. When you read the newspaper, you're probably not reading it word-by-word, instead you're scanning the text. Skimming is done at a speed three to four times faster than normal reading. People often skim when they have lots of material to read in a limited amount of time. Use skimming when you want to see if an article may be of interest in your research.
- 8. Scanthetext for specificinformation.Scanning is a technique you often use when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. You search for key words or ideas. In most cases, you know what you're looking for, so you're concentrating on finding a particular answer.Ssquicklylook for nameor dates, to find a definitionof a keyconceptor to list a certainnumberofsupportingdetails. (particular piece/piecesofinformation in a text).(schedules, manual, formsetc)
- 9. Use semanticmaporclusteringIt helpsthereader to provide some order to thechaosoflong string ofideasorevents.Semanticmapscanbedoneindividually, butthey work wonderfully as a productivegroup work technique.
- 10. Guesswhenyouaren’tcertain.Guessthemeaningof a word( usinglinguisticclues)Guessgrammaticalrelationship(e.g. a pronounreference)Guess a discourserelationship.Inferimpliedmeaning (“betweenthelines”)Nonlinguisticcluesfromcontext, situation, schemata.
- 11. AnalyzevocabularyLook for prefixes thatmayhaveclues.(co- inter- un)Look for suffixesthatmayindicatewhatpartof speech it is.Look for rootsthat are familiar (intervening: ‘ven’=to come; inter= in between; ‘to come in between’etc
- 12. Subdivide yourtechniquesintopre,whileandafterreading.It’stempting, especiallyatintermediateandadvancedlevels, to tellSs: ‘Okaynow, classreadthenexttwopagessilently.Spend some time introducing a topic, encouragingskimming, scanning, predictingandactivatingschemata.
- 13. GiveSs a senseofpurpose for reading.
- 14. Comprehensionquestions, vocabularystudy, author’sline for reasoning, grammaticalstructures, etc