The document discusses how traditional hierarchical organizations are no longer effective for dealing with today's complex environments. It suggests nature and evolution provide examples of how living systems solve similar problems through distributed and interconnected structures. Specifically, it notes that organisms like slime molds, bacteria colonies, and the human brain function collectively without centralized control by sharing information through interconnected networks of individual parts. The human brain in particular handles patterns of information rather than raw data, using interconnected areas to process visual information in parallel through techniques like edge detection and movement detection.