![ Then cosider following example of a
structure, defining a student record,
struct student {
int roll_no;
char name[20];
int age;
} s1,s2,s3;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/structureforcpu-170509170754/85/Structure-for-cpu-6-320.jpg)
![ A structure can be member of another structure. This is
known as nesteding of structure or structure within
structure.
Consider the student record includes birth date. It is define as
follows:
struct date {
int d;
int m;
int y;
};
struct student {
int roll_no;
char name[20];
struct date birth_date;
};
student is a variable, then day of birth define as:
s1.birth_date.d
which represents one integer.
Nested Structures](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/structureforcpu-170509170754/85/Structure-for-cpu-9-320.jpg)
![•In previous slide the structure is also be written as :
struct student {
int roll_no;
char name[20];
struct date {
int d;
int m;
int y;
} birth_date;
};
In this defination, date is part of student and its variables can not be
created independently.
However, it looks like natural nesting.
The tag name date can be define in this case without any loss.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/structureforcpu-170509170754/85/Structure-for-cpu-10-320.jpg)
Structure for cpu
- 1. STRUCTURE Prepared By: Jay R. Patel Enrollment no.:160410119071 Id. No.:16bemev137 Mechanical-2 Batch: C Guided By: Uma Dave
- 2. Basic Of Structure Structure is a collection of different types of variables under a single name. Structure is used to represent logically related data. It is same as records used in “PASCAL”. The structure is a very powerful and important tool which fulfills requirements of complex problems.
- 3. A simple example of a structure is information about students, ** students can be represented by roll-no, name, branch, joining date etc. ** It may be possible that a variable in the structure is also can be structure. i.e. A variables in structure can be also devided into components. For example, one variable ‘joining date’ of student which consist the date, month and year which are also variables.
- 4. The general format to define a structure is given as: struct_tag { data_type member_variabe1; data_type member_variabe2; . . . } s1,s2,s3; Defining Of Structure & Members
- 5. *** In previous slide , struct is a reserve word and used to define a structure. struct_tag is an optional tag which provides type name to the structure. The members of structures are enclosed in pair of {}. Each member consist of a datatype and variable name followed by semicolon(;). After making declaration variables of student type are created as follows: struct student s1,s2,s3; The defination(declaration) is ended with semicolon(;).
- 6. Then cosider following example of a structure, defining a student record, struct student { int roll_no; char name[20]; int age; } s1,s2,s3;
- 7. Members of a structure can be accessed and used individually in a problem. Following syntax is used to access the members of a structure. structure_name is the name of a structure variable & member_name is the name of the member of structure. & structure member operator “.” (dot) connects member name to structure name. for example, s1.age Here, s1 is structure variable and age is member name which is type of student. And following statement assigns value 20 to s1.age s1.age = 20; Accessing Structure Members Structure_name.member_name
- 8. The Age of student s1 can be read from keyboard as scanf(“%d”,&s1.age); Following examples shows the use of structure members in various statements: 1. s2.roll_no = 10; 2. (s2.roll_no)++; 3. printf(“%d”,s1.roll_no); 4. strcpy(s1.name,”akshat”); 5. printf(“%s”,s1.name);
- 9. A structure can be member of another structure. This is known as nesteding of structure or structure within structure. Consider the student record includes birth date. It is define as follows: struct date { int d; int m; int y; }; struct student { int roll_no; char name[20]; struct date birth_date; }; student is a variable, then day of birth define as: s1.birth_date.d which represents one integer. Nested Structures
- 10. •In previous slide the structure is also be written as : struct student { int roll_no; char name[20]; struct date { int d; int m; int y; } birth_date; }; In this defination, date is part of student and its variables can not be created independently. However, it looks like natural nesting. The tag name date can be define in this case without any loss.