Summative Test in Earth and Life Science
- 2. I. MULTIPLE CHOICE DIRECTIONS: CHOOSE THE LETTER (CAPITALIZED) OF YOUR CHOICE
- 3. 1. According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe began from_____________. A. rotating nebula B.a singularity that rapidly expanded C.the collision of two galaxies D.continuous creation of matter
- 4. 2. What is the current estimated age of the universe? A. 4.6 billion years B.10 billion years C.13.8 billion years D.20 billion years
- 5. 3. The Solar Nebula Hypothesis describes the formation of ___________________. A.the universe itself B.the Earth–Moon system only C.our Solar System from a rotating disk of gas and dust D.the Milky Way galaxy
- 6. 4. Earth lies in the “Goldilocks Zone” because it _____________________. A.is the right size for gravity to hold an atmosphere B.has the perfect magnetic field strength C.is at an optimal distance from the Sun for stable liquid water D.rotates at an ideal speed for a 24‑hour day
- 7. 5. Which of these is not one of Earth’s four subsystems? A. Atmosphere B.Hydrosphere C.Cryosphere D.Biosphere
- 8. 6. Plate tectonics contributes to Earth’s habitability by ____________________. A.generating the geomagnetic field B. supplying oxygen through photosynthesis C. cycling carbon and shaping climate over geologic time D. forming the ozone layer
- 9. 7. Which gas is most abundant in Earth’s present-day atmosphere? A. Oxygen B.Carbon dioxide C.Nitrogen D.Argon
- 10. 8. Plate tectonics is a process that occurs in which Earth subsystem? A. Biosphere B.Lithosphere C.Hydrosphere D.Atmosphere
- 11. 9. Which layer of Earth’s subsystems stores the greatest volume of liquid water? A. Lithosphere B.Biosphere C.Atmosphere D.Hydrosphere
- 12. 10. Which of these is NOT a requirement for a planet to be considered habitable? A. Stable, long-lived star B.Presence of a large moon C.Liquid solvent (e.g., water) D.Protective magnetic field
- 13. II. TRUE OR FALSE DIRECTIONS: Write YES if the statement is true and NO if not
- 14. 11. The stratosphere is the layer where most weather phenomena occur.
- 15. 12. Plate boundaries include divergent, convergent, and transform types.
- 16. 13. The hydrosphere includes groundwater, oceans, lakes, and glaciers.
- 17. 14. Oceanic crust is composed mainly of basaltic rocks.
- 18. 15. The Earth is estimated to be about 13.8 billion years old.
- 19. III. IDENTIFICATION DIRECTIONS: Write the correct term being described.
- 20. 16. The theory that describes the rapid expansion of space from a hot, dense state.
- 21. 17. The zone around a star where temperatures allow liquid water on planetary surfaces.
- 22. 18. The Earth subsystem encompassing all living organisms and their interactions.
- 23. 19. Gas makes up approximately 78% of Earth’s atmosphere.
- 24. 20. Process describes the movement of water from Earth’s surface into the atmosphere.
- 25. IV. BRIEF ESSAY DIRECTIONS: Choose only one question from the list and explain briefly in 2-3 sentences.
- 26. •Explain one evidence that support the Big Bang Theory. •Discuss two factors that make Earth uniquely habitable compared to other planets. •Define each of Earth’s four subsystems (lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere) and discuss one way they interact.