Sunzi Assignment- Ibm

Sunzi Assignment- Ibm
1.0 Introduction
International Business Machines, abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue" (for its official
corporate color) was incorporated in the State of New York on June 16, 1911, is a multinational
computer technology and IT consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United
States. Now, the chairman and CEO of IBM Company is Samuel J Palmisano. IBM manufactures
and sells computer hardware and software, and offers infrastructure services, hosting services, and
consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology.
IBM has been well known as one of the world's largest computer companies and systems
integrators. With over 388,000 employees worldwide, IBM is one of the largest and most ... Show
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Global Technology Services mainly provides IT infrastructure services and business process
services, delivering business value through the Company's global scale, standardization and
automation.
Global Business Services mainly provides professional services and application outsourcing
services, delivering business value and innovation to clients through solutions which leverage
industry–and business–process expertise.
Software consists mainly of middleware and operating systems software. Middleware software
enables clients to integrate systems, processes and applications across a standard software platform.
IBM middleware is designed to open standards, which allow the efficient integration of disparate
client applications that might have been built internally, or provided by packaged software vendors
or system integrators.
Operating systems are the software engines that run computers. Systems and Technology provides
clients with business solutions requiring advanced computing power and storage capabilities.
Approximately 55 percent of Systems and Technology's server and storage sales transactions are
through the Company's business partners; approximately 45 percent are direct to end–user clients. In
addition, Systems and Technology provides leading semiconductor technology and products,
packaging solutions and engineering technology services to clients and for IBM's own advanced
technology needs.
IBM
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Sunzi Assignment- Ibm
1.0 Introduction
International Business Machines, abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue" (for its official
corporate color) was incorporated in the State of New York on June 16, 1911, is a multinational
computer technology and IT consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United
States. Now, the chairman and CEO of IBM Company is Samuel J Palmisano. IBM manufactures
and sells computer hardware and software, and offers infrastructure services, hosting services, and
consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology.
IBM has been well known as one of the world's largest computer companies and systems
integrators. With over 388,000 employees worldwide, IBM is one of the largest and most profitable
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Buyers of different IT services perceive IBM as the top brand in all vital aspects of the market.
Innovative culture of IBM
Changing and staying flexible is the connection to innovation. Innovation is important to a company
in competitive strategies. Innovation becomes one of the strength for IBM Company. In 1945, they
were the first company to establish dedicated research labs for the creation of technological
innovation.
IBM Company produces the world's fastest important frame and many revolution technologies. For
example, they produce the speech recognition software can work using by our voice and produce a
blue gene a supercomputer which has the speed of 500 times fastest than world fastest computer.
Through such extraordinary and innovative technologies, IBM is able to wage some of the best back
hand facilities.
Creative service
Creative service is the strength for IBM Company. Because of the government are getting strict
about the problem of environment and screwing it up day by day with strict rules, so IBM Company
came in market with its revolutionary Green technology through which they can save 40% of energy
cost through animation, consolidation and consultancy. This dimension is eco friendly as well a
positive sign for IBM because they are saving huge amount of energy cost.
Strong global presence of the company
The IBM Business Continuity and Resiliency Services have a worldwide presence across four
important geographies and provide consulting services

Ibm Business Report
MKTG 3495
California State University East Bay
Hayward, CA 94542
March 12, 2009
Dr. Sweety Law
California State University East Bay
Department of Marketing & Entrepreneurship
Hayward, CA 94542
SUBJECT: Business Report on the IBM Corporation
Dear Dr. Law,
Enclosed is our business research report about IBM Corporation. This report was written as a group
project for the class Marketing 3495. In this report, reader may find some of the information about
IBM interesting such as: how the company started? What is IBM marketing strategy? Etc. Through
this research, we've learned a great deal about IBM Corporation. We are all inclined towards looking
at future job opportunities offered by IBM.
Thank you for your help with ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One year later, Dr. Hollerith won a contest held by the U.S. Census Bureau with his tabulating
machine that eventually saved the government agency $5 million and years of work. He then
organized his company in 1896, and finally incorporated the Tabulating Company in 1905.
The third installment of the Computing–Tabulating–Recording Company's predecessor is the
recording industry. Many different companies invented their own type of recording device. Dr.
Alexander Dey of Dey Patents Co. (later Dey Time Register Company) invented the first dial
recorder in 1888. Willard Bundy invented the first time clock that could record the arrival and
departure of employees. Harlow Bundy incorporated the Bundy Manufacturing Company with his
brother Willard's time clock as its main product. Bundy then acquired the Standard Time Stamp
Company, which produced time stamps and card recorders, and soon after came up with the key
punch as their job time recorder. The Chicago Time Register Company created the first autograph
time recorder, and manufactured key, card, and autograph employee time recorders. J. Willard and F.

Frick formed the first time card recording company. In 1900, the International Time Recording
Company is formed by George Fairchild to be the selling agent for the recording industry. Their
suppliers included Dey Time Register Company, Bundy Manufacturing Company, Standard Time
Stamp Company, and

An Assignment on Ibm Corporation
IBM Corporation
[pic]
Case Study
On
"IBM Corporation : Competing Globally by Offshoring IT Workers And Giving Away Technology"
Course Code : MIS –501 Course Title : MIS Section : 03 Semester : Summer – 2012
Submitted To: Mr. Mohammed Shafiul Alam Khan Assistance Professor Department of MBA East
West University (EWU)
Submitted By: Name : Md. Saidul Islam ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
IBM has been present in India since 1992. The diversity and breadth of the entire IBM portfolio of
research, consulting, solutions, services, systems and software, uniquely distinguishes IBM India
from other companies in the industry.IBM India 's solutions and services span all major industries
including financial services, healthcare, government, automotive, telecommunications and
education, among others. As a trusted partner with wide–ranging service capabilities, IBM helps
clients transform and succeed in challenging circumstances.
IBM has been expanding its footprint in India – and has a presence in over 200 cities and towns
across the country – either directly or through its strong business partner network. IBM India has
clearly established itself as one of the leaders in the Indian Information Technology (IT) Industry –
and continues to transform itself to align with global markets and geographies to grow this
leadership position. Widely recognized as an employer of choice, IBM holds numerous awards for
its industry–leading employment practices and policies.
1.2 Company Overview:
1880–1929
Starting in the 1880s, various technologies came into existence that would form part of IBM 's
predecessor company. Julius E. Pitrap patented the computing scale in 1885;[16] Alexander Dey

The Economic Problems Of The Reconstruction Era
Equality and freedom between blacks and whites were very different, causing problems to breakout.
The Reconstruction Era went on from 1863 to 1877. It was taken place in the South, it was the
greatest problem that still remained after the Civil War and had to be solved. In general, the changes
made after the Civil War did not help African–Americans move closer to achieving the American
Dream due to the economic, political and social problems that they faced due to the reconstruction.
The problems that southerners produced around the Reconstruction Acts stopped blacks from having
any say economically in the Reconstruction Era, distancing them away from the economic freedom
they had always wanted and achieving the American Dream. One of the biggest economic problems
they faced was sharecropping. A sharecropper was a tenant farmer especially in the southern US
who is provided with credit for land,tools,living quarters, and food, who works on the land, and who
receives an agreed share of the value of the crop minus charges(Sharecropping Worksheet). The
landowners soil was not guaranteed to be good as well, and if it was bad then it made it harder for
the farmers to grow crops. Dealing with all of this made it very hard for farmers to actually make
enough money to pay the landowner back and have enough money to do tenant farming. Which
made it nearly impossible to get out of sharecropping and achieve the American Dream. The Black
Codes also impacted African–Americans

Ibm : The Current Ceo Of Ibm
INTRODUCTION.
IBM, established on June 16, 1911, is an IT based company and also a multinational technology and
consulting corporation based in America, have its headquarters in Armonk, New York. IBM
specialises in the manufacturing and marketing of computer hardware and software, and provides
infrastructure and consulting services in areas like mainframe computers to nanotechnology. Ginni
Rometty is the current CEO of IBM. (IBM, 2013)
In the year 2000, there was a decline in customer demand and the extinction of the dot–coms. The
year 2000 is seen as a year when the true meaning and importance of e–business was revealed. In
the year 2001, the need to focus more on B2B was a major prerequisite to succeed in the e–
commerce industry, information technology. Furthermore, IBM introduced a new generation of
servers in order to meet the demands of its customers as well as providing support for e–business.
The year 2000 also recorded a change in IBM 's leadership. Samuel J. Palmisano was elected
president and chief operating officer in the year 2000, two years afterwards he became the CEO of
IBM.
.WHAT IBM DOES;
Global Business Services (GBS)
IBM provides consultancy and systems integration, and management services with its Application
IBM aimed to deliver value to customers by providing them with consultancy services in order to
improve and satisfy their customers, using analytics and optimisation Services which is mainly
focused on providing maintenance/ support as well as

Rutherford B. Hayes Essay
&#9; Rutherford B. Hayes was considered by many to be a simple, uncontroversial, and honest
man to run for the presidency. That is why many people are perplexed that such an astute person
should have one of the most controversial elections and presidencies ever. Considering Hayes'
honorable principles, it came as a surprise to see how he could unknowingly make a decision about
reconstruction where its effects were so blatantly derogatory to the cause he was trying to help.
&#9;The controversy began when he was merely running for office. Hayes was running against
Democrat Samuel J. Tilden. When the ballots were tallied in 1876, Hayes clearly lost the popular
vote, and had lost the electoral vote 184 to 165 . However, twenty votes ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He thought that the country and most white southerners would welcome a policy of moderation and
react by assuring rights previously granted only sparingly . Consequently, he thought that by
releasing troops from the last two remaining states would, "get from those states by their
governors, legislatures, press, and people pledges that the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and fifteenth
Amendments shall be faithfully observed; that the colored people shall have equal rights to labor,
education, and the privileges of citizenship" . His theory that the southern government keeps
their honor was severely disturbed by what was to follow in the near future.
An 1871 report to Congress says that in nine counties in South Carolina there were 35 lynchings,
262 black men and women were severely beaten, and over 100 homes were burned . To Hayes'
benefit, most people believed that he truly didn't foresee what would happen with his policy.
Professor John W. Burgess noted Hayes "greatest struggle which he had with himself ... was
the question whether he was deserting the just cause of the black man and delivering him back to
servitude" . There were actually mixed emotions about the topic all around. Evan William
Gillete agrees that, "the reaction of most northern Republicans ranged from enthusiastic relief
that the issue of the use of troops in the south would no longer intrude into every campaign, to
fatalistic acceptance of the necessity of withdrawal".

The Compromise Of 1877 Was The Compromise Of The...
The Compromise of 1877 was a very effective time period in history. Its main focus was to rebuild
the South physically and as a nation. It was the compromise of the Reconstruction Era and the U.S.
presidential election of 1876. Problems now went from the battlefields to politics. After the Civil
War over, 3.9 million slaves were freed and given rights. This then created tensions between black
and whites. The presidential election was another conflict that was resolved. Democrats and
Republicans had many different opinions when it came to them being a bipartisan government,
which created some tensions. Nevertheless, the Compromise of 1877 was the a compromise of the
Reconstruction Era and the U.S. presidential election of 1876. Problems for the South now went
from battlefields to politics. Former slaves were now freed and had rights granted to them by the
Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendment. The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery,
the Fourteenth Amendment gave them equal rights and protection under the law, and the Fifteenth
Amendment gave them the right to vote (Landmark Legislation). Now, this stirred up tensions
between blacks and whites. Due to blacks being able to vote intimidated the whites because it could
affect who was elected for president. One of the oldest hate groups, founded in 1865, was known as
the Ku Klux Klan or KKK (Ku Klux Klan). The group intimidated and threatened African–
Americans to ensure that they would not vote. Along with voting, the U.S. presidential election was
another conflict leading up to the Compromise of 1877. Democrat Samuel J. Tilden, and Republican
Rutherford B. Hayes were both candidates. The candidates began to have tensions after Hayes sent
federal troops to South Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida to enforce laws containing to race. The
states were originally Democratically ruled. After the federal troops were sent from Hayes, Tilden
did not like this. As the Reconstruction Era began, a plan was already thought of to put an end to the
the Era. A plan was proposed by Abraham Lincoln was known as the 10 Percent Plan in 1863. The
central idea of it, "...pardoned any former Confederate who would take an oath to support the
Constitution. The parbon offer

Effects Of The Tweed Ring Scandal
The Tweed Ring Scandal The Tweed Ring scandal in New York began with William "Boss" Tweed.
William is remembered for patronizing of his Tammany Hall political machine. He used it to gain
massive sums of money during the Reconstruction. It was unfair, disguised, and very illegal. All of
the cash he made was dirty and not legal, yet he managed to get away with this scheme from 1856
all the way until 1873. William was born in 1823, and by the time he was twenty–eight years old, he
was already in a position of power. He was the city alderman and was able to lock down other
powerful office positions. He knew many people and was friendly, just to get to the top. He was
elected to one term in Congress and grew his influence in the city ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The city finally began to realize the amount of finances William had drained and collected for
himself and worked together to get him fined and arrrested. He was able to avoid it a few times, but
was eventually charged and arrested in 1873. He was in jail for two years, but was arrested yet again
after being released. He was confined for the rest of his life, where he died in his jail cell from
severe pneumonia. The Credit Mobilier Scandal The Credit Mobilier Scandal was a scandal that
completely shattered the careers of several Gilded Age politicians. The group was formed when
some major stockholders in the Union Pacific Railroad formed their own company, the Crédit
Mobilier of America. They used it to give and sign contracts with wealthy businessmen that stated
they would help fund the building of the new railroads. They also signed some with influential
congressmen. These contracts were not good deals for the congressmen and businessmen. They
didn't pay too much attention to the small wording of the contracts, that stated in helping fund the
railroads, they would really be funding the railroad builders and making them rich from the deals.
While the contracts seemed to be helping out the railroads, it was really a plot to make the builders,
organizers, and overseers rich. There was no good intention in the scandal and just left many people
without any money or

diversity as strategy
www.hbr.org
IBM expanded minority markets dramatically by promoting diversity in its own workforce. The
result: a virtuous circle of growth and progress. Diversity as Strategy by David A. Thomas
Reprint R0409G
IBM expanded minority markets dramatically by promoting diversity in its own workforce. The
result: a virtuous circle of growth and progress. Diversity as Strategy
COPYRIGHT © 2004 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL
RIGHTS RESERVED.
by David A. Thomas
When most of us think of Lou Gerstner and the turnaround of IBM, we see a great business story. A
less–told but integral part of that success is a people story–one that has dramatically altered the
composition of an already diverse ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over the past two years, I have interviewed more than 50 IBM employees–ranging from midlevel
managers all the way up to Gerstner and Palmisano–about the task force effort and spent a great deal
of time with Ted Childs,
IBM's vice president of Global Workforce Diversity and Gerstner's primary partner in guiding this
change process. What they described was a signiﬁcant philosophical shift–from a long tradition of
minimizing differences to amplifying them and to seizing on the business opportunities they present.
Constructive Disruption
David A. Thomas (dthomas@hbs.edu) is a professor of organizational behavior and human resource
management at
Harvard Business School in Boston.
Gerstner knew he needed to signal that diversity was a strategic goal, and he knew that establishing
task forces would make a powerful impression on employees. Early in his tenure,
Gerstner had convened various task forces to resolve a range of strategic choices and issues.
He used the same structure to reﬁne and achieve IBM's diversity–related objectives.

Gerstner and Childs wanted people to un–
harvard business review september 2004
derstand that this was truly something new.
IBM had a long practice of being blind to differences and gathering demographic information only
to ensure that hiring and promotion decisions didn't favor any particular group. So this new
approach of calling attention to differences, with the hope of learning from

Ibm Case Study
History By the 1950's, IBM became the dominant vendor in the computer industry with the release
of the IBM 701 along with many other series of mainframes, which are large central processors.
Then in the1960's and 1970's, the company had to diversify to get on the same level as smaller
companies, such as Digital Equipment Corporation, who were introducing microprocessors. This
threatened IBM's position in the computer industry. Their response was coming put with a personal
computer, software, and services. In 1981, IBM officially introduced the IBM PC with a compatible
hardware platform. This was a large accomplishment for the company. A few years later, on May
1st, 2005, IBM sold its PC division to the Chinese company Lenovo for $655 ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Examples of this would be click–to–call and voice mailing. SWOT on Management IBM holds
more patentsthan any other U.S. based technology company. IBM's Project Management Center of
Excellence, or PM COE, is first–rate. PM COE is considered IBM's "Think Tank". It is a program
that has been set up to define the steps needed to strengthen IBM's project management capabilities.
PM COE combines external industry trends and directions with IBM business, organizational,
geographic requirements and insight. Using PM COE, IBM has developed project management
policy, practices, methods, and tools (Wikipedia, 2008). For someone to be considered for a
management position, they must complete IBM certification or accreditation. To be accepted in to
the certification or accreditation process an individual must have done the following. Successfully
passed PMI exam (i.e. be a certified PMP). Verifiable documentation and approval for
mastery/expertise in a well–defined set of PM skills. Several years of PM experience spanning at
least 3 verifiable projects within the immediate 5 years (including specific role, team size, and
budget requirements). Verifiable documentation and proof of at least one area of specialty.
Demonstrated the use of IBM 's Worldwide Project Management Method (_WWPMM_). Completed
extensive classroom and online education and testing. To become a Junior Project Manager, you
must go through self assessment and

Emerging Industries & Management Technology
SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT &
INNOVATION MGT 611 EMERGING INDUSTRIES & MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY.
DATE: 15TH JULY, 2011 INTRODUCTION Technology is a greatly dynamic field. Tools and
systems of technology are constantly and ever changing. New ideas and innovations are coming up
every other hour. The think tank of new technologies never sleeps. Needless to say, users of the
same are always on the lookout for newer, better, cheaper and easier to use systems and tools of
technology; those that offer faster and more convenient services than the previous. In view of this,
technology based industries have no much choice but to keep abreast with the new and emerging
changes in the industry. The growth in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is an industry that has growing sales across all the companies in the industry based on growing
demand for the new products, technologies or services made available by the firms participating
industry From the stand point of strategy formulation, the essential characteristic of an emerging
industry is that there are no "rules of the game". The absence of rules presents both a risk and an
opportunity, a wise strategy positions the firm to favorably shape the emerging industry rules.
(Pearce & Robinson, 2007, pp. 245–246) Emerging industries of the last decade have been the
internet browser, fiber optics, mobile money transfer , social media/networks such as Twitter,
Facebook & Google+, iPad, Smart Phones, Flash Drives, PlayStations, Wii, LCD TVs and
Screens , among many others. Business Strategies must be shaped to accommodate the following
characteristics of markets in emerging industries; * Technologies that are mostly proprietary to the
pioneering firms and technological uncertainty about how product standardization will develop *
Competitor uncertainty because of inadequate information about competitors, buyers and the timing
of demand. * High initial costs but steep cost declines as the experience curve takes effect. * Few
entry barriers, which often spurs the formation of new firms * First

High Rise Buildings
Millennium Tower (Abuja) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search
Millennium Tower | A render of the Millennium Tower at night | General information | Status |
Under construction | Type | Mixed–Use | Location | Abuja, Nigeria | Construction started | 2006 |
Estimated completion | 2011 | Cost | ₦53 billion | Height | Antenna spire | 170 m (560 ft) | Roof | 111
m (364 ft) | Top floor | 106 m (348 ft) | Technical details | Lifts/elevators | 3 | Design and
construction | Architect | Manfredi Nicoletti | Main contractor | Salini Nigeria LTD | References | [1]
| The Millennium Tower and Cultural Centre project is one of the many scam projects in the Central
District of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was replaced by Engineer Mohammed Abba Gana, also of Borno State, in a cabinet reshuffle in
February 2001.[1] * Bunu was born on 25 December 1950 in Ngala, Borno State. In 1982 he was
appointed Minister of State, Housing and Environment.[2] Bunu designed the Nigerian National
Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Towers in Abuja.[3] * In April 2008 the Senate Committee on the
Federal Capital Territory (FCT) summoned Bunu and other former FCT ministers to defend their
actions with respect to land allocations, revocations and sale of Federal Government houses during
their tenure.[4] * In March 2010 President Goodluck Jonathan set up a Federal Projects Assessment
Committee headed by Bunu "to assess and provide necessary information on the status of on–going
Federal Government projects across the nation."[5] Bunu immediately came under pressure to
explain how he could probe "ongoing projects" that started during his administration of the FCT.[3]
* * Description * save to list Suggest an update User Review: * NNPC TOWERS IS SITUATED IN
THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT WELL KNOWN AS THE CENTRAL AREA.AT THE
BACK OF IT IS THE CENTRAL MOSQUE,WHILE INFRONT IS THE TOTAL AND THE CON
OIL FILLING STATION.IT IS A BUSY AREA WHERE MANY ACTIVITIES TAKES
PLACE.DOWN ONE END OF THE ROAD WHICH PASSES

Tweed Supreme Court Case
One chilly December morning in 1868, William "Boss" Tweed smiled calmly as he lied to an entire
court during a huge publicised trial Boisterous and humorous, he endeared himself to the jury
members and escaped reproach. This trial was to address the huge issue of voting fraud that plagued
New York. The Democratic party, of which Tweed was a powerful member, illegally counted
Republican votes and doctored Democratic votes to outnumbered them. A letter printed in the paper,
supposedly from Sam Tilden, another Democrat, asked New York politicos to send in their estimates
of the votes right before the minutes were closed, and send them to a William M. Tweed (Ackerman
42–43). Several individuals were arrested and made witnesses. Some were handing ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
By fall, Tweed had coerced the New York Supreme Court into passing sixteen hundred
naturalizations daily, and even more from other courts. In a desperate attempt to extract control from
Tammany Hall's iron grip, Marshal Robert Murray placed Republican marshals to challenge
immigrants votes, whether they were legitimate or not. In retaliation, Tammany raised mayor John
Hoffman prohibited anyone from "intimidating, obstructing, or defrauding any voter." Tammany
deputies began arresting Republican deputies. When the polls closed, Democrats delayed or made
distractions, allowing their backroom fixers to 'fix' the numbers. Even Murray's tries to arrest the
Tammany deputies resulted in them just as quickly as they were thrown in jail being released
(Ackerman 53–55). Hoffman became governor, leaving Tammany's Grand Sachem seat empty for
Tweed to fill (Ackerman 57). At this point, Tweed won every battle that came his way. In 1866, as it
would later be discovered, he, Hall, Richard Connolly, and Peter Barr Sweeney started the "Tweed
Ring", which ultimately damned him. Over the next five years, the foursome would make between
$40 and $100 million dollars off the city they claimed to love and protect (bosstweedproject). The
Tweed Ring seized control of the city treasure in 1870, funneling funds into their own private bank
account so exceedingly that action had to be taken.

IBM Strategy Essay
As CEO of IBM, Samuel J. Palmisano used the momentum of the success gained under the
leadership of Louis Gestner to steer the business in a new direction. Sam intends to restore the
organization to the former status it held as a technological leader with an admirable company
culture. Palmisano's plan calls for the reorganization of the executive management board,
restructuring of incentive programs, and an emphasis on collaboration across all divisions.
Establishing closer relationships between researchers and clients is also a key factor in creating new
opportunities for growth for IBM. E–business on demand is the new initiative at the heart of
Palmisano's strategy for the growth of IBM's Global Services. E–business will transform ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During Palmisano's leadership Global Services became IBM's most profitable division and
continues to display tremendous growth potential. The division sells IT packages to organizations
that include software, hardware, as well as systems and software integration. To achieve the
seamless integration of systems IBM has made a major investment in open source technologies such
as the Linux operating system and grid computing. "Linux is one of the world's fastest–growing
operating system. IBM is a strong supporter of Linux as a way to promote open standards. Open
standards allow the interoperability of various applications, technologies, and computer devices,
providing customers with a wider choice and flexibility to deploy applications.2 The open source
licensing of these technologies allows IBM to develop upon their capabilities to suit the client's
needs while eliminating the expense of commercial products.
The recent inclination for corporations to downsize IT departments and reduce operation costs
means that IBM cannot rely on the sales of hardware and software for continued growth. Sam
Palmisano's vision for IBM's future success is contingent on the company becoming a provider of
"On–Demand Business" IT services. The concept is to distribute computer services like utilities and
have customers pay on a usage basis. This removes the burden of capital and resources necessary to

The Effect Of The Gilded Age
During the Progressive Era, many people were beginning to realize the effects of the Gilded Age,
which left almost the whole nation in poverty, so some people called muckrakers rose to the
challenge to help resolve the poverty problem. Among the muckrakers, Thomas Nast effectively
helped try to stop a thief in office, who was secretly stealing from the country. Thomas Nast 's
birthplace was Landau, Germany, and his birthdate is September 27, 1840. In 1846, he and his
family immigrated to New York City. Thomas Nast was an American artist, best known for his
paintings and caricatures. He is especially known for his political cartoons against The New York
City political machine and promoting Radical Reconstruction during slavery. Thomas Nast was one
of the most persuasive political cartoonists in America, drawing over 2,200 cartoons. Nast created a
turning point in American History with his cartoons, using his artistic talent and adding dialogue.
Nast left a permanent mark on the nation, to show how corrupt the nation was using symbols such as
the Republican Elephant and the Tammany Tiger. Thomas Nast effectively removed corruption from
the nation by working with Harper's Weekly, attacking Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall, and using
his cartoons against other groups of people who were creating flaws in the nation.
Thomas Nast created many illustrations that have been remembered, and are still used today such as
the portrayal of Santa Claus, the Republican elephant and

What Did The End Of The Reconstruction Happened?
Kyera Dancy
Mr.Stanley
American History
9 January 2017
Rutherford B. Hayes Who is Rutherford B. Hayes? What did he do while in office? How well did he
work with congress? How well did he work with foreign countries? How well did he help the
American people? Did he keep the economy ordered and organized? Hayes was the 19th President
of the United States, he only served one term as president from 1877 to 1881. He was involved in
the ending of the reconstruction, the Dawes Act, The Great Railroad Strike, Colombia and the
Monroe Doctrine, etc. Hayes tried to do things he thought was good for this country but little did he
know it made things worst than what they already were. The ending of the reconstruction happened
because of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Baltimore and Ohio railroad workers went on strike because the companies had reduced workers
wages twice over the previous year. The strikers refused to let the trains to run until the most recent
pay cut was returned to the employees, so West Virginia militia was sent they refused to intervene.
The strike took over Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, St. Louis and Missouri had gained control. Hayes
sent federal troops which ended the strike. The role that Hayes played in this event was Leader of
the economy, Commander in Chief and Chief Executive because he had to take control of the strike
so he can bring peace to his country and to show people had everything in control. In 1876, Roscoe
Conkling aspired to the Republican Nomination but Conkling did not assist the party, so Hayes
wanted revenge by investigating the New York Custom House, seat of Conkling's power. This
enraged the Republican Conkling and his supporters (the stalwarts). The role that Hayes played in
this event was Chief Administrator because he wanted to check and see if anyone was doing
scandalous things while in the customs houses and he wanted to see if anyone was up to something
that was right. The Bland – Allison Act of 1878 is an act of United States Congress it required the
U.S Treasury to buy a certain amount of silver and put it into circulation as silver

Diversity
MANAGING WORKFORCE DIVERSITY AT IBM: A GLOBAL HR TOPIC THAT HAS
ARRIVED
J. T. (Ted) Childs Jr.
To be successful, global companies must continue to look toward the future, and CEOs, senior line
and HR management, and diversity leaders play a key role in that process. Workforce diversity
cannot be delegated; it must be a partnership. Although the HR team plays the key staff role, total
delegation from the top, without active involvement, is a recipe for failure. IBM considers diversity
a business imperative as fundamental as delivering superior technologies in the marketplace. To
ensure that talented people can contribute at the highest possible level, the company insists on a
workplace that is free of discrimination and harassment and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
"If you're going to spend your whole life in the grandstand just watching what goes on, in my
opinion you're wasting your life." And Robinson lived as he believed. While in the Army, from
1942–1945, before baseball, Robinson challenged segregation at Camp (Fort) Hood. As he went
through military channels stating his case to superior officers, Robinson's protest led to
desegregation at the camp. He also once faced and defeated court martial proceedings after refusing
to move to the back of an Army bus when the driver gave the order. Robinson's protest, a legitimate
one since Army regulations prohibited discrimination on government vehicles, eventually led to all
charges being dismissed. Robinson laid out a valuable lesson for diversity executives today. Our
work is not for
spectators, but for those who thrive on change–not for change alone, but change that is a catalyst for
improvement–creating fairness when it doesn't exist, moving organizations from separate but equal
points of view to inclusiveness, and migrating people from conflict to collaboration. Diversity
leaders also can learn from the leadership of Tom Watson Jr. When it involved IBM, he also sought
to live by his values as he led the business. In his book, A Business and Its Beliefs, Watson said, "If
an organization is to meet the challenges of a changing world, it must be prepared to change
everything about itself except its basic beliefs as it moves through corporate life. The only sacred

Financial Statement Analysis of Ibm
Financial Statement Analysis of IBM Financial Statement Analysis of IBM I. Company Facts IBM –
International Business Machines Corporation The home office of IBM is located in Armonk, Town
of North Castle, New York, United States. IBM was founded in 1911 as the Computing Tabulating
Recording Company (CTR) through a merger of three companies: the Tabulating Machine
Company, the International Time Recording Company, and the Computing Scale Company. CTR
adopted the name International Business Machines in 1924, using a name previously designated to
CTR 's subsidiary in Canada and later South America. Standard Industrial Classification Codes are
7379 which are mainly on computer and relative stuff. Chief Executive Officer (CEO) ... Show more
So we can conclude that there is threat of new competition, but the level is relatively low. Threat of
substitute products or services: The threat of substitute products or services is relatively high
compared with the threat of new competition. Also these threats come from the main competitors.
For products, such as PC, most customers will compare the price, screen size, life time and other
attributes instead of just the brand the same way as services such as IT consulting etc. Bargaining
power of customers: The bargaining power of customers is also described as the market of outputs:
the ability of customers to put the firm under pressure, which also affects the customer 's sensitivity
to price changes. In this factor, because customers of these two industries have many channels to
access the products and services, high information availability, different choices, differentiated
advantages of products and customers is also kind of price sensitive. So we can conclude that the
bargaining power of customers is strong. Bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of
suppliers is also described as the market of inputs. Suppliers of raw materials, components, labor,
and services (such as expertise) to the firm can be a source of power over the firm, when there are
few substitutes. Because there are plenty of suppliers in most parts, presence

Environmental Leadership of IBM Essay
Factor: Environmental Leadership of IBM
IBM has not only succeeded in maintaining its competition in providing software, computer
technology and systems integrators, but IBM also successfully managing its resource such as energy,
water, and material, including waste product, thus offering environmentally friendly products and
services which have been recognized by various parties and has received many awards (IBM
Environment Report, 2012). IBM success is always related to the leadership style of it appointed
CEO and management group. There are several appointed CEO with different leadership style since
IBM established, such as Sam Palmisano, Larry Ellison, Randy MacDonald, and Thomas Watson.
Different leadership style among CEO help IBM ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has one of the most closely viewed institutionalized succession plans of any company in the
world. This was proven by the smooth transition of CEO responsibility to Virginia "Ginny" Rometty
from Sam Palmisano. Rometty is the ninth CEO from the time when the company's founding and its
first woman CEO. This was no exclusion, as Lou Gerstner's handoff to Palmisano was another good
case study on leadership transition.
In IBM's 2012 CEO Study, 71% of CEOs admitted that human capital is the key source of sustained
economic value (IBM Global Process Services, 2012). With today's changing economic challenges
and workforce dynamics, business leaders are turning their attention to their most valuable asset,
their persons. Organizations who involve and motivate their people can achieve significant
competitive differentiation and market leadership (Ringo, Schweyer, DeMarco, Jones &Lesser,
2008). Through leadership, IBM embrace challenge whereby they are getting energized by complex
and challenging situations. They take responsibility for solving problems, identify opportunities and
their positive attitude and confidence inspires others to do the same.
IBM also build mutual trust across the full spectrum of their constituents include their organizations,
clients and

Assignment 2: An Analysis Of The Product Life Cycle Of IBM
ASSIGNMENT (Group) – 2010
Analysis of Life–Cycle of IBM
OCTOBER 23, 2010
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE COURSE
"ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR – II"
OF MBA (FULL TIME)
SUBMITTED TO:
Prof. Harismita Trivedi and Prof. Sari Mattila
Submitted By:
Group No. 43
Saurabh Shrivastava – 101143
Rohit Adukia – 101243 Roshni Kumar – 101343
Table of Contents
1. CURRENT SCENARIO 1 2. HISTORY OF IBM 2 2.1 The Origin of IBM 2 2.2 IBM's Early
Growth 4 2.3 IBM post World War II and rise of business computing 5 2.4 IBM's near disaster 6 2.5
IBM's Resurrection and Organizational Culture 8 3. LEARNINGS FROM THE COURSE AND
HOW WE CAN USE IT AS A MANAGER 10 4. EXHIBITS 13 5. ARTICLE: 14 6. ... Show more
The merger was engineered by noted financier Charles Flint, and the new company was called the
Computing Tabulating Recording (CTR) Corporation. CTR was incorporated on June 16, 1911 in
Endicott, New York, U.S.A. This merger is just opposite of what happened in the case "Acme and
Omega Electronics" where we learnt what changes an organization has to go through when its
ownership changes.
The companies that merged to form CTR manufactured a wide range of products, including
employee time–keeping systems, weighing scales, automatic meat slicers, coffee grinders, and most
important for the development of the computer– punched card equipment. Of the companies that
merged to form CTR, the most technologically significant was the Tabulating Machine Company,
founded by Herman Hollerith, and specialized in the development of punched card data processing
equipment. The Tabulating Machine Company won a government contract, and completed it with
amazing speed. After that Hollerith was faced with the challenge of sustaining the company in non–
Census years. In 1911, Hollerith, now 51 and in failing health sold the business to Flint who then
created C–T–R.

When the diversified businesses of C–T–R proved difficult to manage, Flint turned for help to the
Thomas J. Watson Sr. who became General Manager of C–T–R in 1914 and President in 1915.
Watson quickly implemented a series of effective business tactics: generous sales incentives, a focus
on customer service, an insistence on

Palmisano's Tushman-O-Reilly Congruence Model
IBM case study: An analysis of the changes that Palmisano began implementing at IBM in 2005
using the Tushman–O–Reilly Congruence Model According to the Tushman–O–Reilly Congruence
Model, for an organization to "successfully transform for the next generation, its four key
organizational building blocks of critical tasks, people, organizational structure and culture must be
aligned and in congruence" (Fan 2006). This model provided the basis for IBM's radical
transformation in 2005 under the helm of CEO Samuel J. Palmisano. The major problem IBM was
facing was that the personal computer, the product which had been the company's 'bread and butter'
product for so long, no longer had the centrality it did in people's lives, thanks to the rise of tablets
and iPhones and competition from lower–cost manufacturers. The computer industry "is growing at
just 6% a year" (Beyond blue, 2005, Businessweek). Demand is likely to contract, rather than to
expand in the coming decades, particularly amongst households. IBM resolved to shift from a
product–based company to a service–based company and to focus on businesses rather than
households as its main target demographics. Now, "instead of merely selling and servicing
technology, IBM is putting to use the immense resources it has in–house"¦to help
companies"¦rethink, remake, and even run their businesses –– everything from accounting and
customer service to human resources and procurement" (Beyond blue, 2005, Businessweek). At
IBM,

History of Globallization
History of Globalization Estle Harlan Harlan Business Consultants Tim Rahschulte, Ph.D.,
Professor George Fox University
Abstract The historical context of globalization covers centuries. This paper divides those centuries
into three eras. The first era covers the fifteenth through eighteenth centuries and views
globalization through the lens of individuals who struggled to overcome natural, governmental,
religious and economic barriers in their quest for wealth, freedom, position, and power. Throughout
this era, the world of commerce was encumbered by territorial boundaries. The second era covers
the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and saw great technological advances in transportation,
machinery, livability, and communication. This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
United States to the Pacific Ocean.
        plow. 
1825 The world's first passenger railroad began to operate in England. 1834 Cyrus McCormick
(U.S.) patented a harvesting machine. 1838 Louis Jacques Daguerre (France) made a daguerreotype
photograph. 1839 Baseball was first played at Cooperstown, New York. 1840 Charles Darwin
(U.K.) published Zoology of the Voyage of the Beagle. 1840 The penny post was introduced in
Britain. 1844 Samuel F.B. Morse sent the first message over telegraph lines. 1846 Elias Howe (U.S.)
invented the sewing machine; John Deere (U.S.) invented the 1847 Gold was discovered in
California. This list is not all–encompassing, but it is significantly representative of the nature of
(Hoffman, Ed., 1987, p. 474; Presence, Ed., 1978, p. 306–336; Safra, Ed., 2010, p.518). events that
caused Marx (1848) to express the existence of territorial compression. That expression was the
forerunner for Robertson's (1992) discussion of global compression, with his definition of
globalization being: "The compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the
world as a whole....Concrete global interdependence and consciousness of the global whole in the
twentieth century" (p. 8). When Marx (1848) spoke of territorial compression, he was referencing
the advances in transportation, machinery, communication devices, economic and cultural
knowledge, social and societal connections, and geographical discoveries. When Robertson

IBM
HISTORY
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an information technology company that
uses their expertise to provide customer solutions. The company operates primarily in a single
industry using several different segments that create value by offering a variety of solutions that
include, technologies, systems, products, services, software, and financing (10–K report). The
company 's major operations compromise three hardware product segments. These segments are:
technology, personal systems, and enterprise systems. They also offer a global services segment, a
software segment, a global financing segment, and an enterprise investments segment (Ibid). IBM
offers its products and services through third–party business ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This means setting reasonable commitments, and not misrepresenting the capability of IBM
products.
IBM is constantly re–assessing and clarifying its business practices to meet with the rapid changes
in the industry. No set of guidelines should ever be considered the absolute last word under all
circumstances. The Chief Executive Officer and senior executives are responsible for setting
standards of business ethics and overseeing compliance with these standards. It is an individual
employee 's responsibility to comply with these standards.
In 1999, IBM was ranked number one in business ethics according to Business Ethics Corporate
Social Responsibility Report. IBM dropped from its top position to number 5 in 2000. This was
largely due to its mishandling of the change from a defined benefit to a cash balance pension plan,
which drew widespread employee outrage. The switch cost some older employees as mush as 50
percent of their pension, while it saved the company an estimated $200 million. The company did
agree to offer more employees a choice of plan, but the unpopular move is still a blot upon IBM 's
otherwise positive leadership in the area of employee relations. (Business Ethics Corporate Social
Responsibility Report)
The cash–balance program is a type of pension in which companies can reduce their pension costs
by cutting future benefits to middle–aged

The History of IBM Essay
International Business Machines Corporation, better known as IBM, is a corporation that is and
always has been based completely around information handling. From their first scales, to the super
computers of today, almost all of IBM's products have been designed and developed to record,
process, communicate, store, or retrieve information. IBM has been a leading developer and
innovator from the late 19th century up to today. IBM was officially incorporated in New York City
on June 6, 1911 as C–T–R, Computing–Tabulating– Recording Company. However, the true origins
of the company can be traced to the 19th century during which several smaller businesses merged to
form one large company. During the 1880's and 1890's, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Thomas's first 4 years, he more than doubled the revenues of the company as well as expanded it
to Asia, Europe, South America, and Australia. In 1917, C–T–R expanded to Canada under a new
name: International Business Machines Co., Limited. As the new decade rolled around, Watson
found that the name C–T–R was too limited and officially changed the name of the company to
International Business Machines Corporation. During the 1920's, many new products were created
including the type 4 tabulator which allowed for subtracting numbers (previously had to add
negative numbers) and the standard duplicator machine. Other products such as the card punch
system were improved upon. As the Great Depression settled upon the US in the 1930's, IBM
continued to grow despite other companies failing all around them. In 1935, when the Social
Security Act was passed; IBM was ready with a large inventory of equipment. The act brought IBM
a huge government contract to maintain employment records for 26 million people. This contract
was called "the biggest accounting operation of all time." In the 1940's, IBM began creating the first
super computers. Starting with the Mark I, IBM created a series of machines that were able to do
calculations faster than ever before. In 1956, the first ever magnetic hard disk for data storage was
created. Its capacity was 5 megabytes. Also in the 1950's, after nearly 40 years in the business;
Thomas J Watson passed the

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