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Swarming Robots
Real and Simulated
Fredrik Jansson
20.11.2015
Swarm Organ Project
Pattern formation
Gap gene expression in Drosophila embryo. [Jaeger 2004]
The Kilobot
• moves by vibration
• infrared communication
• 10 cm, omnidirectional
• designed for swarms
• programming in C
Kilobot programming
Kilobot - ATmega 328
• 2 kB RAM
• 32 kB FLASH ROM
• 8 MHz
• 8 bit RISC
C64 - 6510 CPU
• 64 kB RAM
• 20 kB ROM
• 1 MHz
• 8 bit RISC
Follow the leader
Developing a Kilobot simulator
jic-csb.github.io/kilombo/ arXiv:1511.04285
user code
functions
simulator
user code
kilobot
hardware
...
kilobots
physics
environment
kilolib
kilolib API
kilolib API
bot state
functions
kilobot
hardware
physics
bot state
user code
kilobot
hardware
kilolib
kilolib API
bot state
functions
...
functions
bot state ...
Real Kilobots Kilobots in simulator
Orbit and Edge Following
A
B
A
B
C
No noise
With noise
Swarming robots
Simulator performance
Lessons I learned
• git - version control
• communication
• programming for users
• documentation
• examples
• changes may have consequences for everyone
• good naming
• importance of working on the same code base
Gene regulation and robots - Gradient interpretation
4 minimal networks for incoherent feedforward loops
Drosophila-inspired stripes
Interaction with maternal genes Mutual repression between the gap genes
Jorren Bosga,
Bachelor’s thesis
Turing Patterns
Spots Stripes
Cell mechanics
Epithelium and mesenchyme
Ivica Slavkov / CRG, Barcelona
Swarming robots
Starfish
Morphogen diffusion + edge movement Noemí Carranza / CRG, Barcelona
Light-seeking Slime Mould
Dictyostelium - amoeba
Verônica Grieneisen Ivica Slavkov James Sharpe Noemí Carranza
Tjelvar Olsson Jaap Kaandorp Fredrik Jansson Stan Marée
Roland Dries Johanna Grönqvist Martin Hinsch Matthew Hartley

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Swarming robots