System analysis module4
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This document outlines the steps for conducting research using a systems analysis approach. It discusses systems analysis as a method for examining educational systems as interrelated parts within a larger socio-economic environment. The 4 main steps are: 1) Identify the goals of the educational program, 2) Gather data on subsystems and their interrelationships, 3) Construct an instrument to evaluate student outcomes, and 4) Analyze and interpret the data on inputs, processes, and outputs against the program goals. Conducting research using this systems approach allows for analyzing specific problems or an entire school system.
System analysis module4
- 1. Republic of the Philippines CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY Pontevedra, Capiz GRADUATE SCHOOL
- 2. At the end of this module, we should be able to: 1. define the role of systems analysis in conducting research 2. identify problem areas and the factors to be considered in conducting research within the school system 3. acquire skills in constructing a questionnaire as the research instrument for gathering data 4. categorize and classify the various subsystems in the school system that should be considered in conducting research
- 3. SYSTEM APPROACH IN EDUCATION is a method of examining an educational system or program not as an isolated entity with independent parts but as an organic whole having critical interrelationships with other educational subsystems and with the socio-economic environmental at large (Zwaenopoel). The focus of system analysis is the critical relationship, both inside the system and between the systems and its surroundings, as well as the dynamic changes taking place in these relationships. This means that if education is regarded as a system, then it follows that its problems cannot be solved in isolation from the total system.
- 4. Basically, the environment must be considered because it constraints a system resources. It contains political, economic, technological, social and cultural forces that impinge upon the system. It causes system problems and it also can provide system solutions to these problems. Summarily, systems analysis as an approach of research, could be used either particular problem areas of a school system or to analyze a whole school system or a subsystem en to to.
- 5. 1. The principal supports teachers who encounter difficulties with parents and students. 2. The parent-teacher relationship is characterized by mutual support and cooperation 3. The school and the community do not restrict my personal life. 4. My co-teachers are very helpful both in my professional development and social well-being. 5. I enjoy working with my co-teacher; they accept me and have confidence in my abilities 6. My students are well-behaved and are eager to learn. 7. The principal is consistent and practical 8. I would find it difficult adjusting again if I transfer to another school. 9. I like the way the school administrators, the faculty, the students and the community people interrelate with one another. 10. I like my student and enjoy working with them
- 6. 1. I am a native of this community. 2. I like the religious atmosphere within the school. 3. The goals and ideals of the school are consistent with the community and national development goals. 4. I speak the dialect in the community. 5. The philosophy of the school is compatible with mine. 6. The desirable Filipino values like “pakikisama,” “utang-na-loob,” “hiya” etc. are keenly observed here. Step: 1: Identify the goals and aims of the educational program. Step: 2: Gather quantitative and qualitative data on the economic, social, and cultural subsystem of the educational program and their interrelationships.
- 7. financial resources human resources physical resources administrators teachers students
- 8. Aims curriculum in terms of relevance methodology in terms of effectiveness instructional materials in terms of relevance of content The data gathered on the different subsystem could be analyzed in terms of their interrelationships with given standards. For example, data on the interrelationships on the economic subsystem could be compared with given standards in terms of: per student cost; salary structure; budgeting system income- expense, and percentage of expenses for salaries, etc.
- 9. Administer the instrument to students at the entry level and exit level of the educational program and subsequently compare the results of the evaluation at the entry level and exit level in order to determine what the students have acquired in terms of knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values.
- 10. Step 4: Analyze and interpret data gathered about the inputs and its processes (obtained under Step 2) and the outputs (obtained under Step 3) which is the level of knowledge and skills acquired and the attitude and values developed among the students. Vis-à-vis the aims and objectives of the educational program being evaluated. The foregoing discussion presents in a capsulized form how to utilize systems analysis in conducting research. As pointed out, research can be conducted on specific problem within the school system or an academic department of a college or university.
- 11. To Summarize: Step: 1: Identify the goals and aims of the educational program. Step: 2: Gather quantitative and qualitative data on the economic, social, and cultural subsystem of the educational program and their interrelationships. Step 3:Construct an evaluative instrument which can gauge the students’ knowledge, skills, attitudes and values after the educational program had been implemented. Step 4: Analyze and interpret data gathered about the inputs and its processes (obtained under Step 2) and the outputs (obtained under Step 3) which is the level of knowledge and skills acquired and the attitude and values developed among the students. Vis-à-vis the aims and objectives of the educational program being evaluated.
- 12. ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM (Leads to the understanding of) SYSTEM CONCEPT (If integrated in our thinking can become) SYSTEM APPRAISAL (If applied becomes the) SYSTEM APPROACH (To the…) ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM FEEDBACK
- 13. REFERENCES • Bilhart, John and Gloria Galanes, Katherine Adams. Effective Group Discussion. New York: McGraw-Hill 2001 • Hanson, Mark E. Educational Behavior and Organizational Behavior. Mass: Allyn and Bacon, 1991 • Henry, Nicolar. Public Administration and Public Affairs. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1995. • Lunenberg, Fred. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991. • Rosenbloom, David H. Public Administration. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998. • Zwaenepoel, Paul P. Systems Analysis in Education. Manila: UST Press. 1985.