System Modelling and Simulation course for CSE and Allied streams
- 1. Introduction to System Modelling and Simulation
- 2. What is a SYSTEM? • The term system is derived from the Greek word systema, which means an " organized relationship among functioning units or components". • System exists because it is designed to achieve one or more objectives. • We come into daily contact with the transportation system, the telephone system, the accounting system, the production system, and for two decades the computer system. • There are more than a hundred definitions of the word system, but most seem to have a common thread that suggests that a system is an orderly grouping of interdependent components linked together according to a plan to achieve a specific objective.
- 3. System The study of the systems concepts, then, has three basic implications: • A system must be designed to achieve a predetermined objective • Interrelationships and interdependence must exist among the components • The objectives of the organization as a whole have a higher priority than the objectives of its subsystems.
- 4. What is a Model ? “Simplified Representation of a Real or Theoretical System at some particular point of time and space intended to provide the understanding of the system”. What Level of Model Detail ? Whether a model is good or not depends on the extent to which it provides understanding. All the models are simplification of reality. Exact copy of a reality can only be the reality itself. There is always a trade off as to what level of detail is included in the model: –Too little detail: risk of missing relevant interactions. – Too much detail: Overly complicated to understand
- 5. • It is an experiment in a computer where the real system is replaced by the execution of the program. • It is a program that mimics (imitate) the behaviour of the real system • "A Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real-world process or system over time. It can be done by hand or on a computer". • The behaviour of a system as it evolves over time is studied by developing a simulation model. • This model takes the form of a set of assumptions concerning the operation of the system. • The assumptions are expressed in •Mathematical relationships •Logical relationships •Symbolic relationships between the entities of the system. What is a Simulation ?
- 6. Discipline of understanding and evaluating the interaction of parts of a real or theoretical system by; Designing its representation (model) Modelling and Simulation Executing (running) the model including the time and space dimension (simulation).
- 7. Accurate Depiction of Reality Parts of the system may not be observable (e.g., internals of a silicon chip or biological system) Insightful System Evaluations It may be too difficult, hazardous, or expensive to observe a real, operational system Why Simulation?
- 8. 1. Analyse systems before they are built 2. Reduce number of design mistakes 3.Optimize design 4. Analyse operational systems 5. Create virtual environments for training, entertainment Uses of Simulations