Team Building (Group Dynamics)
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The document outlines the concepts of team building, defining key terms such as team, team management, and norms, and discusses the phases of team development, including team selection and composition. It highlights the importance of selecting the right team based on size, composition, and the criteria for inclusion, as well as provides insights on effective team dynamics and norms. Additionally, it addresses potential barriers to team success and emphasizes the need for strong leadership and communication to avoid issues like groupthink.
Team Building (Group Dynamics)
- 1. TEAM BUILDING Allana S. Delgado, MLIS-1 Group Dynamics May 18, 2017
- 2. Team Defined • Team: Two or more people working interdependently towards a common goal. • Team Building: process of gathering the people and getting them to work together for a goal • Team Management: The direction to a group of individuals who work as a unit. • Role: defined responsibilities of one or more individuals. • Norms: Acceptable standards of behavior
- 3. When to use teams? • There are several types of teams, he choice depends on the task, the organizational context and available resources.
- 4. Conceptions of “Team” • The Athletic Perspective: “team” connotes winning and losing. In an athletic arena, winning is the ultimate goal. • The Power of Two: – “team” implies partnership. This includes both business and personal partnerships such as marriage. • Circumstantial: any group in the same place at the same time
- 5. Phases of Team Development
- 6. Selecting the Right Team Having the right team can make or break an project. Consider the following elements: 1. Team size 2. Overall team composition 3. Team member selection and exclusion criteria 4. Member recruitment process
- 7. 4. Member recruitment process • Keep in mind the project goals and the selection criteria • Identify relevant people • Make informal contact with those who have been identified • Include their interest in the project and the time needed to integrate the project. • Decide if he/she is the right person with the preliminary information you have. • Invite the person to join the team.
- 8. 1. Team size • Recommended size is a team of 3-12 members. A team of 5-7 members is the best. • Small teams (3 or 4 members) work faster and tend to produce results quickly, but there is less diversity. • Teams greater than 7 or 8 members are more diverse, require an expert facilitator and the creation of sub teams to operate effectively.
- 9. 2. Team Composition The team should represent the stakeholders involved in the project. A well-rounded team includes a mix of members from relevant units involved in the project having a wide range of experience and skills. Consider members who: • belong to relevant partners organizations or organizational units of the project • have different abilities such as: – technical expertise and skills, – administrative skills (e.g. problem-solving and decision- making skills), – interpersonal and communication skills.
- 10. 2. Team Composition The team could include: • People who understand the project very well • People who are technical experts • People who can provide objectivity in the process and outcome • Suppliers Library Example: Library Committee in book selection involves librarians, faculty, students, admin, & vendors.
- 11. 3. Selection and Exclusion criteria Preference for those who are: • Concerned about and committed to the common purpose and goals • Enthusiastic • Optimistic • Creative, flexible and open minded • Proactive • Well respected among peers and other leaders • Can devote time to the initiative. • Good team players: – Work effectively as a member of a team – Respect the values, beliefs and opinions of others – Relate to and interact effectively with individuals and groups – Are willing to cooperate to reach common goals
- 12. How to begin team building? 3 main components in any team's work : 1. Goal: Result-oriented tasks or content aspect 2. Methodology: Process aspect, which includes the team's interactions 3. Resources: Time, budget, support, people
- 13. Useful questions for team building • Who are the team members & their roles? • What is the reason this team exists? • What are the norms that will guide how the team will work together? • What results are expected for this team? • What are the steps to be followed by this team? • Who is the responsible for these roles?
- 14. Useful questions for team building • What are the norms and methods about: –decision- making –problem-solving process –conflict resolution –communication, cooperation –task management, responsibility –meetings –rewards • What are the resources available to support? • Who will support the team if needed?
- 15. Responsibilities of team leader • Assign clear tasks to each member • Regularly review and monitor progress • Ensure that the team meets deadlines • Discuss, agree on the timetable for tasks • Motivate team members • Resolve conflicts • Give guidance • Helps members to overcome barriers • Regularly assess team performance
- 16. Norms of a team Norms are acceptable standards of behaviors within a group. Examples of written norms • Team leadership: The leader has control over the process • Communication and interpersonal relationships among team members.
- 17. Norms: Listening • Allow one person to speak at a time • Don't interrupt when a person is talking • Before evaluating a member's contribution, others check their assumptions to ensure that they have properly understood. • Seek first to understand others before you seek to be understood. • Respect the views of all participants.
- 18. Norms: Talking • Everyone participates. • Each person speaks on his/her own behalf • One always has three options: accept it, work on it to make it better, or leave. • Speak openly and honestly. • Say what you mean and mean what you say, but preserve people's self-esteem. • Members can disagree without fear.
- 19. Norms: Talking • Give negative feedback appropriately • Give positive feedback (recognition) right away • Communicate immediately if you think you may not be able to fulfill an agreement. • If you don’t understand something, ask for clarification. • If you see a problem that others haven’t noticed, bring it to someone’s attention. • Clear communication of accountabilities for all work team members.
- 20. Norms: Meetings • Clear objectives • Meetings must have an agenda • Start and end meetings on time • Use technological tools
- 21. Why teams fail: External barriers • Work load • Team does not model the norms of behaviours that support teams in being successful • Inadequate recognition for individual team members • Team leaders do not control members • Teams are not given adequate resources • Frequent changes in team membership • Team members resist taking responsibility
- 22. Why teams fail: internal barriers • Inadequate support from stakeholders • Inappropriate goals and no planning • Unresolved interpersonal conflict • Inefficient meetings • Incompatible levels of problem-solving, analytic, or project management skills • Team members don’t know how to influence the work of other members • Lack of consistent or clear team leadership • Inability to make decision effectively
- 23. Groupthink It is a process by which a group can make bad or irrational decisions. Each member of the group attempts to conform his or her opinions to what they believe to be the consensus
- 24. 7 symptoms of a groupthink decision • Incomplete survey of alternatives • Incomplete survey of objectives • Failure to examine risks of preferred choice • Failure to re-appraise initially rejected alternatives • Poor information search • Selective bias in processing information at hand • Failure to work out contingency plans
- 25. How to avoid groupthink • Keep the group size small (6 – 10). • Politely discourage domination • Everyone gets an opportunity to express views • Encourage participants to challenge views • Let every one in the group has express his/her opinion.
- 26. End