TechDay - April - Tutorial
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This document provides an overview of installing and using OpenNebula. It describes setting up a typical OpenNebula environment with multiple backends and a hypervisor. It then walks through installing OpenNebula on two nodes, configuring passwordless SSH, adding hosts, images, networks, templates, and instantiating VMs. It also covers basic VM actions, contextualization, permissions, groups, and the different views in OpenNebula. Finally, it introduces OneFlow for managing multi-tier applications and services, including life cycle strategies, auto-scaling based on metrics and schedules, and manually scaling services.
![6Installing and Basic Usage
Installation node 1 - Frontend
Installing
Hands on (node1)
Overview of the CLI (as oneadmin)
# su - oneadmin
$ oneuser show
$ oneuser –h
$ one[TAB]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/02-tutorial-160426091027/85/TechDay-April-Tutorial-6-320.jpg)
![7Installing and Basic Usage
Installation node 1 - Frontend
Installing
Hands on (node1) !
OpenNebula CLI Commands
$ one[TAB]
oneuser Manage Users oneimage Manage Images
onegroup Manage Groups onetemplate Manage Templates
oneacl Manage ACLs onevm Manage VMs
onehost Manage Hosts oneacct Accounting Tool
onecluster Manage Clusters onemarket Marketplace Tool
onevnet Manage Networks onedb DB Tool
onedatastore Manage Datastores](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/02-tutorial-160426091027/85/TechDay-April-Tutorial-7-320.jpg)
TechDay - April - Tutorial
- 1. OpenNebula Tutorial © OpenNebula Project. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License
- 2. A Typical OpenNebula Environment Planning the Installation • Repository of VM images • Multiple Backends (LVM, Ceph) Monitoring,Virtualization, Storage and Network • Provides physical resources for the VMs • Must have a hypervisor installed
- 3. Virtual Lab Planning the Installation NODE 1 NODE 2
- 4. 4Installing and Basic Usage Installation node 1 - Frontend Installing Hands on (node1) Install Packages # yum install opennebula-server opennebula-sunstone opennebula-node-kvm opennebula-flow opennebula-gate # /var/local/tutorial/configure_tutorial.sh # echo oneadmin:opennebula > /var/lib/one/.one/one_auth
- 5. 5Installing and Basic Usage Installation node 1 - Frontend Installing Hands on (node1) Start the services # service opennebula start # service opennebula-sunstone start # service libvirtd restart Switch to oneadmin # su - oneadmin $ oneflow-server start $ onegate-server start
- 6. 6Installing and Basic Usage Installation node 1 - Frontend Installing Hands on (node1) Overview of the CLI (as oneadmin) # su - oneadmin $ oneuser show $ oneuser –h $ one[TAB]
- 7. 7Installing and Basic Usage Installation node 1 - Frontend Installing Hands on (node1) ! OpenNebula CLI Commands $ one[TAB] oneuser Manage Users oneimage Manage Images onegroup Manage Groups onetemplate Manage Templates oneacl Manage ACLs onevm Manage VMs onehost Manage Hosts oneacct Accounting Tool onecluster Manage Clusters onemarket Marketplace Tool onevnet Manage Networks onedb DB Tool onedatastore Manage Datastores
- 8. 8Installing and Basic Usage Installation node 1 - Frontend Installing Hands on (node2) Configure the hypervisor node # ssh root@node2 # yum install opennebula-node-kvm # service libvirtd restart
- 9. 9Installing and Basic Usage Configure Password-less SSH Installing Hands on! (always node1 from now on) OpenNebula needs passwordless ssh access to all the nodes from all the nodes # (as oneadmin) $ ssh-keyscan node1 node2 > ~/.ssh/known_hosts # test it! $ ssh node2 $ exit $ ssh node1 $ exit
- 10. 10Installing and Basic Usage Get User Information - Sunstone Installing Try out Sunstone! http://localhost:9869 Login: oneadmin Password: opennebula
- 11. 11Installing and Basic Usage Adding Hosts - Sunstone Basic Usage – Hosts Hands on! (Sunstone) ●Create one host in Sunstone: node1 ●Type: KVM ●Network: Default (dummy) ●Cluster: Default (none) ●Hostname: node1 ●Watch transition INIT => ON ●Click on the row for more information ●Automatic gathering of monitoring data ●Take a look at the graphs
- 12. 12Installing and Basic Usage Adding Hosts - CLI Basic Usage – Hosts Hands on! (CLI) (always as oneadmin in the Frontend – node 1) $ onehost -help $ onehost create –help $ onehost create node2 –i kvm -v kvm -n dummy $ onehost list $ onehost top # Wait for ON ... and then CTRL-C $ onehost show node2 $ onehost show 1 $ onehost show -x 1
- 13. 13Installing and Basic Usage Adding Images Basic Usage – Images Hands on! (Sunstone) ●Create a new Image ● Name: ttylinux ● Path: /var/local/tutorial/ttyvd-context.qcow2 ● Device Prefix: vd ● Driver: qcow2
- 14. 14Installing and Basic Usage Overview Basic Usage - Datastores Hands on! (Sunstone)
- 15. 15Installing and Basic Usage Adding Networks Basic Usage – Networks Hands on! (Sunstone) br1 VM VM Node 1 eth1 br1 Node 2 eth1 VM VM
- 16. 16Installing and Basic Usage Adding Networks Basic Usage – Networks Hands on! (Sunstone) General ● Name: private Configuration ● Bridge: br1 Addresses ● IP start: 192.168.0.100 ● Size: 100
- 17. 17Installing and Basic Usage Adding Templates Basic Usage – Template Hands on! (Sunstone) ●A template is a Virtual Machine definition ready to be instantiated ●It has CPU, Memory, Disks, NIC, Graphical Ports, etc... General ● Name: ttylinux ● Logo: Linux ● Description: Testing VM ● CPU: 0.1 ● Memory: 64 Storage ● Click ttylinux Network ● Click private Input/Output ● Click VNC and add Keymap Context ● Add OneGate token
- 18. 18Installing and Basic Usage Instantiating Basic Usage – VMs Hands on! (Sunstone) ●VNC ( root / password ) ●ifconfig: configured using context ●migrate ●live-migrate ●ping the other machine ●Instantiate the template ●Deploy 2 VMs ●Leave the name blank ●Open Virtual Machines ●Watch the transition PENDING => RUNNING ●Deployed in different hosts
- 19. 19Installing and Basic Usage Contextualization Basic Usage – VMs Hands on! Login to the first VM and look at contextualization Take a look at the contextualization files:
- 20. 20Installing and Basic Usage Main VM actions Basic Usage – VMs suspend VM state saved. Kept in the host. power off (--hard) Powers off a VM. Kept in the host. stop VM state saved. Taken to the system datastore. undeploy (--hard) Powers off a VM. Taken to the system datastore. reboot (--hard) Reboots the VM. delete --recreate Cleans the VM and moves it to PENDING. shutdown (--hard) Powers off a VM, cleans host and VM is removed from OpenNebula. delete VM is immediately destroyed regardless of state. Recommended only for oneadmin.
- 21. 21Installing and Basic Usage Other VM actions Basic Usage – VMs Hands on! (Sunstone) ●Storage: Attach new disk ● Create new Image => Type: “Datablock”; “Empty Datablock”; Size: 100; FS Type: “qcow2” ; Device Prefix: “vd”; Driver: “qcow2” ●Snapshot ●Take (system) snapshot ●Modify the VM ●Revert ●Capacity: Resize VM capacity # bash # echo 1 > /sys/bus/pci/rescan
- 22. 22Installing and Basic Usage Chmod and Chown, UNIX Style! Permissions Hands on! (Sunstone) Make the all the resources previously created usable by everybody Apply to all the images, templates and virtual networks. Owner could be changed too => chown and chmod.
- 23. 23Installing and Basic Usage Creating Groups Groups Hands on! Admin: Click Create an administrator user Username: students-admin Password: … Check the Permissions tab (no modifications)
- 24. 24Installing and Basic Usage Associated ACLs Groups Hands on! When a group is created, a new set of ACLs are introduced
- 25. 25Installing and Basic Usage VDCs The Power of VDCs
- 26. 26Installing and Basic Usage Three Views OpenNebula Views OpenNebula Admin Group Admin Cloud User
- 27. 27Installing and Basic Usage The Admin View OpenNebula Views OpenNebula Admin Group Admin Cloud User
- 28. 28Installing and Basic Usage OpenNebula Views Configure your Cloud from the Admin perspective OpenNebula Admin Group Admin Cloud User
- 29. 29Installing and Basic Usage Group Admin View Using Groups Hands on! Login as students-admin ●Create a student ●Assign Quotas
- 30. 30Installing and Basic Usage User the Cloud as a Cloud User OpenNebula Views OpenNebula Admin Group Admin Cloud User
- 31. 31Installing and Basic Usage Cloud View OpenNebula Views Hands on! Login as the student and instantiate a new VM ●Select the ttylinux template ●Network private ●Explore the VM actions. Power Off and Save VM ●With the oneadmin account see the new template and image ●Other options: SSH Key, Quotas, Settings
- 32. 32Installing and Basic Usage Group Admin View Using Groups Hands on! Login as students-admin
- 33. 33Installing and Basic Usage Explore Federation OpenNebula can scale by federation many OpenNebula instances. Scheduler The OpenNebula Scheduler is extremely flexible. Write your own rules you want to guarantee that your vms end up wherever you need them. OneGate Send custom Metrics to OpenNebula AppMarket Deliver appliances ready to be consumed CloudBursting Scale out your private resources to EC2 vOneCloud vCloud Director Replacement with al the OpenNebula Cloud benefits Other Features
- 34. 34Installing and Basic Usage OneFlow Overview Managing Multi-tier services ● OneFlow allows users and administrators to define, execute and manage multi-tiered applications ● services composed of interconnected VMs with dependencies between them. ● each group of VMs is deployed and managed as a single entity -> so group and ACL management apply
- 35. 35Installing and Basic Usage Service Life-Cycle Strategies Deployment Strategies • none: All roles are deployed at the same time • straight: Each Role is deployed when all its parent Roles are RUNNING Service is running when all the Roles are RUNNING. Running State A role will not be considered to be running unless all the VMs in that role report to OpenNebula that thy are running, if this checkbox is enabled: To report it, the VM will use a very simple HTTP request (curl, wget, …) and the OneGate token to authenticate.
- 36. 36Installing and Basic Usage Managing Services Hands On – Template Creation
- 37. 37Installing and Basic Usage Managing Services Hands On – Service Template and Frontend Role
- 38. 38Installing and Basic Usage Managing Services Hands On – Service Template Database Master Role
- 39. 39Installing and Basic Usage Managing Services Hands On – Instantiate the Template
- 40. 40Installing and Basic Usage Managing Services Hands On – Service Information worker role will not be deployed until the parent role (frontend) reports that it’s ready. Update the frontend role using ONEGATE or updating the template curl -X "PUT" http://<onegate>/vm --header "X-ONEGATE-TOKEN: ..." --header "X-ONEGATE-VMID: ..." -d "READY = YES" $ onevm update <id> READY=YES ... Repeat for the worker role
- 41. 41Installing and Basic Usage Managing Services Hands On – Manual Scaling Scale the worker node to 3
- 42. 42Installing and Basic Usage Service Scaling Auto-Scaling based on Metrics Each role can have an array of elasticity_policies • Define an expression that will trigger a cardinality adjustment These expressions can use performance data from • The VM guest. Using the OneGate server, applications can send custom monitoring metrics to OpenNebula. • The VM, at hypervisor level (CPU, MEMORY, NET_{TX,RX})
- 43. 43Installing and Basic Usage Service Scaling Auto-Scaling based on Schedule Combined with the elasticity policies, each role can have an array of scheduled_policies. These policies define a time, or a time recurrence, and a cardinality adjustment
- 44. 44Installing and Basic Usage We Will Be Happy to Clarify Any Question Questions?