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TecInTex:
Technology Integration into Textiles:
Empowering Health

Gerhard Tröster
Structure
• Partners
   – ETH Zürich (G. Tröster: Electronics Lab)
   – EMPA St Gallen, Dübendorf (R.Rossi, M.Heuberger, F.
     Clemens)
   – CSEM Neuchatel (S.Pasche, J. Luprano)
   – University Hospital Zurich (M. Wolf)
   – Paraplegic Center Nottwil (U.Baumberger)
   – industrial partners




                           May 13, 2011   G. Tröster       2/1
Mission of TecInTex:

  Provide the core modules to design and to manufacture
  sensing and acting textiles


From fibres to clothes to people

     Fibres         Fabrics             Clothes


                                                      Evaluation




                      May 13, 2011   G. Tröster                3/1
‚Healthcare Demonstrators‘
• NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy)
  in socks images O2                                  enough O2

    – Early detection and                             lack of O2
                                           Detector
      treatment of peripheral
      vascular disease (PVD)             Light
                                         Source



 • ‚Intelligent‘ underwear for paraplegic people to prevent and
   to treat ulcer
                          High decubitus risk




                         May 13, 2011    G. Tröster                4/1
Highlights
• Fibers e & o
   – protection
   – insulation
   – sensing
• Woven electronics




                      May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   5/1
PU coatings of silver fibres


                                2.5




                        coating thickness (microns)
                                              2

Coating Thickness-
                                1.5                                                    Coatings thicker than 2
2.5 to 3 microns                                                                       microns have
                                              1                                        resistance > 1 MΩ

                                0.5
                                                                              Resistance (Ω/cm)
                                              0
                                                      0   5000       10000     15000    20000   25000   30000    35000




                       May 13, 2011                              G. Tröster                                       6/1
Layer-by-Layer Coating

      +




              Primer      Polyanhydride                  Polyamine        Activated
                                                                          Fatty Acid

                                                                               PVAm,(protective)




                                                                         PEI
                                Silver Gantrez
                                                                                                   PVAm
                                (protective)


Silver pure ( corroded)
                                                                                       PEI
              Silver PScMAA
                                          May 13, 2011      G. Tröster                                    7/1
Piezoresistive strain sensor fiber




                     May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   8/1
Tensile Test

Cyclic tensile (ε= 13-30%) test on woven elastic band (L0= 25mm)
with 2 integrated piezoresistive sensor fibres



             0.7                                                                    30


             0.5                                                                    25


             0.3                                                                    20




                                                                                         Resistance [kΩ]
 Force [N]




             0.1                                                                    15
                                                                                                           13
             -0.1                                                                   10

                                                                                                           11                             Relaxation
             -0.3                                                                   5                                                     of 2nd cycle:
                                                                                                                                          1%
                                                                                                            9
             -0.5                                                                    0
                    0           100     200    300     400      500   600   700   800
                        Force     Resistance         Time [s]                                               7


                                                                                                            5
                                                                                                             100        150   200   250




                                                                       May 13, 2011                        G. Tröster                                     9/1
O-Fiber: Polymeric Optical Fibers (POF)
• Glas PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate) too brittle and too
  thick ( > 250μm)


             therapy                                 lighting
                                      POF




                                  sensing




                       May 13, 2011     G. Tröster              10/1
Melt-Spinning Equipment for Bi-component Fiber




                  May 13, 2011   G. Tröster      11/1
First Bi-component Fiber




   Oct/Nov 2010                                 Dec 2010




   Light attenuation: 47 dB/m                    Light attenuation: <10dB/m
                            May 13, 2011   G. Tröster                         12/1
Biosensing using optical Fibers
• Monitoring of pH and protease activity in chronical wounds




                       May 13, 2011   G. Tröster               13/1
Principle
• Sensing layer around the fiber: sol-gel
• pH dyes, change in light absorbance




                        May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   14/1
Flexible polymer optical fibers (POF) for biosensing
          Sol-gel coated POF

                                                       150 µm polymer fiber




                           May 13, 2011   G. Tröster                          15/1
E-Stripes: Thin film technology into textiles
• Planar thinfilm technology
   – Sensors
   – Transistors
   – Integrated circuits

• Small (< 0.5mm) stripes woven into
  textiles




                           May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   16/1
Weaving Machine




                  May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   17/1
Mechanical strain during Weaving




                                   R = 165µm




              Electronic fiber                200µm


                    May 13, 2011     G. Tröster       18/1
IGZO-TFTs : bendable ?




                   May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   19/1
VDD                      In

                                                      Out
Amplifier
                    Rf                         TFT
                                  Out
                                                      Rl
                                                                 Rf
            In                  TFT

                                               GND    VDD

                                                          1 mm




                 May 13, 2011     G. Tröster                          20/1
CO Sensor Polyanaline based




                  May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   21/1
Challenges
• Adaptation to industrial manufacturing processes
• Design of the demonstrator
   – clinical environment
   – biocompatibility approval
   – ethics




                          May 13, 2011   G. Tröster   22/1

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TecInTex

  • 1. TecInTex: Technology Integration into Textiles: Empowering Health Gerhard Tröster
  • 2. Structure • Partners – ETH Zürich (G. Tröster: Electronics Lab) – EMPA St Gallen, Dübendorf (R.Rossi, M.Heuberger, F. Clemens) – CSEM Neuchatel (S.Pasche, J. Luprano) – University Hospital Zurich (M. Wolf) – Paraplegic Center Nottwil (U.Baumberger) – industrial partners May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 2/1
  • 3. Mission of TecInTex: Provide the core modules to design and to manufacture sensing and acting textiles From fibres to clothes to people Fibres Fabrics Clothes Evaluation May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 3/1
  • 4. ‚Healthcare Demonstrators‘ • NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy) in socks images O2 enough O2 – Early detection and lack of O2 Detector treatment of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) Light Source • ‚Intelligent‘ underwear for paraplegic people to prevent and to treat ulcer High decubitus risk May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 4/1
  • 5. Highlights • Fibers e & o – protection – insulation – sensing • Woven electronics May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 5/1
  • 6. PU coatings of silver fibres 2.5 coating thickness (microns) 2 Coating Thickness- 1.5 Coatings thicker than 2 2.5 to 3 microns microns have 1 resistance > 1 MΩ 0.5 Resistance (Ω/cm) 0 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 6/1
  • 7. Layer-by-Layer Coating + Primer Polyanhydride Polyamine Activated Fatty Acid PVAm,(protective) PEI Silver Gantrez PVAm (protective) Silver pure ( corroded) PEI Silver PScMAA May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 7/1
  • 8. Piezoresistive strain sensor fiber May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 8/1
  • 9. Tensile Test Cyclic tensile (ε= 13-30%) test on woven elastic band (L0= 25mm) with 2 integrated piezoresistive sensor fibres 0.7 30 0.5 25 0.3 20 Resistance [kΩ] Force [N] 0.1 15 13 -0.1 10 11 Relaxation -0.3 5 of 2nd cycle: 1% 9 -0.5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Force Resistance Time [s] 7 5 100 150 200 250 May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 9/1
  • 10. O-Fiber: Polymeric Optical Fibers (POF) • Glas PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate) too brittle and too thick ( > 250μm) therapy lighting POF sensing May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 10/1
  • 11. Melt-Spinning Equipment for Bi-component Fiber May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 11/1
  • 12. First Bi-component Fiber Oct/Nov 2010 Dec 2010 Light attenuation: 47 dB/m Light attenuation: <10dB/m May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 12/1
  • 13. Biosensing using optical Fibers • Monitoring of pH and protease activity in chronical wounds May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 13/1
  • 14. Principle • Sensing layer around the fiber: sol-gel • pH dyes, change in light absorbance May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 14/1
  • 15. Flexible polymer optical fibers (POF) for biosensing Sol-gel coated POF 150 µm polymer fiber May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 15/1
  • 16. E-Stripes: Thin film technology into textiles • Planar thinfilm technology – Sensors – Transistors – Integrated circuits • Small (< 0.5mm) stripes woven into textiles May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 16/1
  • 17. Weaving Machine May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 17/1
  • 18. Mechanical strain during Weaving R = 165µm Electronic fiber 200µm May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 18/1
  • 19. IGZO-TFTs : bendable ? May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 19/1
  • 20. VDD In Out Amplifier Rf TFT Out Rl Rf In TFT GND VDD 1 mm May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 20/1
  • 21. CO Sensor Polyanaline based May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 21/1
  • 22. Challenges • Adaptation to industrial manufacturing processes • Design of the demonstrator – clinical environment – biocompatibility approval – ethics May 13, 2011 G. Tröster 22/1