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Rafael Dohms (@rdohms)
The Path of an
Individual Contributor
A guide to growing beyond senior
Credits:
It’s all AI generated.
The images I mean!! Not the content, that’s all me, I swear
For a long time…
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
No Promotion Engineering Management
“Most often, they turned a great
engineer into a terrible manager”
Engineering
Management
Individual
Contributor
Senior Sta
f
levels.fyi
Senior Sta
f
Staff+
levels.fyi
Principal Engineer / Architect
he/him
@rdohms
Rafael Dohms
doh.ms
“Dad, Engineer, Educator, talks a lot.”
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
Usabilla
Usabilla
Usabilla SurveyMonkey
Usabilla SurveyMonkey
GetFeedback
Usabilla SurveyMonkey
GetFeedback
SurveyMonkey
Moral of the story
“Don’t put yourself ina box, it may not exist
tomorrow”
Moral of the story
“Define your own box, proactively try to find
where you can help the company be better”
“Don’t put yourself ina box, it may not exist
tomorrow”
Junior
Medior / Analyst
Senior / Lead
Sta
f
Manager
Sta
ff
with Reports
Principal with Reports
Principal
Time
Principal
Succeeding as an
Individual Contributor
“Staff+ Engineer,
is not a clearly
defined role”

“Staff+ Engineer,
is not a clearly
defined role”
“Staff+ Engineer,
is not a clearly
defined role”
 
What’s the difference between a
Senior and Staff+ Engineer?
“A failing project”
Senior
“A failing project”
Senior
“A failing project”
Senior
Staff
“A failing project”
Senior
Staff
“A failing project”
Senior
Staff
“A failing project”
Why?
One makes the project better,
The other makes the team better.
The 3 Pillars of a Staff Engineer
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
BIG PICTURE
BIG PICTURE EXECUTION
BIG PICTURE EXECUTION LEVELLING UP
Everyone is not the same
Everyone is not the same
Everyone is not the same
Tech Lead
Everyone is not the same
Tech Lead Architect
Everyone is not the same
Tech Lead Solver
Architect
Everyone is not the same
Tech Lead Solver Right Hand
Architect
Core Tech Skills
Product Management
Project Management
People Management
Tech Lead Solver Right Hand
Architect
You are “it” now.
CTO / VP
Director
Sr Manager
Jr Manager
Sta
ff
+
Sta
ff
+
Sta
ff
+
Sta
ff
+
• Di
ffi
cult challenges
• Risk / Impact
• Visibility
Reporting High
MORE
LESS
• Manager time
• Hand Holding
CTO / VP
Director
Sr Manager
Manager
Sta
ff
+
Sta
ff
+
Sta
ff
+
Sta
ff
+
• Manager time
• Singular focus
Reporting Low
MORE
LESS
• Risk / Impact
• Inside scoop
• Manager Experience
Building the Big
Picture
Is focusing on the big picture
really a full-time job?
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Reilly, Tanya. The Sta
ff
Engineer's Path.
The local maximum, the best decision for a
single group, might not be anything like the
best decision when you take a broader view.
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
Team / Domain
This is where
much of your
work happens
Shouldn’t managers drive
alignment?
You are a manager leader!
Staff+ are like Vampires.
So where do I start?
Pick your own adventure
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
LOCATOR
you are here
TOPOGRAPHICAL
Temple of Tech Debt
The mountains of
distrust
The hills of green
fi
eld
The dependency
rapids
The Forest of Legacy
LOCATOR
you are here
TOPOGRAPHICAL
Temple of Tech Debt
The mountains of
distrust
The hills of green
fi
eld
The dependency
rapids
The Forest of Legacy
LOCATOR
you are here
TREASURE
Your biggest challenge will
always be: Communication.
Communicate in the
open
Communicate in the
open
Cross-skill, Cross-Org
Groups
Communicate in the
open
Cross-skill, Cross-Org
Groups
Pave the Elephant
paths
Care about the business.
Guiding with Strategy and Vision
Identify your company’s
engineering values.
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
Summarize
Summarize
Summarize
Summarize
Summarize
Engineering
Strategy
Summarize
Engineering
Strategy
Summarize Forecast
Engineering
Strategy
Summarize Forecast
Engineering
Strategy
Engineering
Vision
Avoid the echo chamber
Exceeding in
Execution
Your time is limited.
Choosing projects
More
Effort
More Impact
Less Impact
Less
Effort
“Snacking”
More
Effort
More Impact
Less Impact
Less
Effort
“Snacking”
More
Effort
More Impact
“Preening”
Less Impact
Less
Effort
“Snacking”
More
Effort
More Impact
“Preening”

“Chasing Ghosts”
Less Impact
Less
Effort
“Snacking”
More
Effort
More Impact
“Preening”

“Chasing Ghosts”
Less Impact
Less
Effort
The Individual Contributor Path - DPC2024
“Existential issues”
“Existential issues”
Space
“Existential issues”
Attention
Space
“Existential issues”
Attention
Space
Unique to you
Energy
Credibility
Quality of Life
Skills
Social Capital
Energy
Credibility
Quality of Life
Skills
Social Capital
Energy
Credibility
Quality of Life
Skills
Social Capital
Energy
Credibility
Quality of Life
Skills
Social Capital
Execution != Code
Leading Projects
Leveling up
You are a Role Model
Be Competent.
Be Responsible.
Be a Good Leader.
Technical Knowledge
Domain Knowledge
Own your mistakes
Admit when you don’t know
Seek constructive feedback
Step Up, Make decisions
Remember the Goal
Remember the people
Hold people accountable,
start with yourself.
Empower other Individual Contributors
Be the bridge between the industry and your company
Tiers of
influence
Tiers of
influence
Individual
Grows a single
person’s skills
Group
Impacts
multiple
people at the
same time
Tiers of
influence
Individual
Grows a single
person’s skills
Catalyst
Your impact
goes beyond
your direct
in
fl
uence, it
has a
compound
effect
Group
Impacts
multiple
people at the
same time
Tiers of
influence
Individual
Grows a single
person’s skills
Catalyst
Your impact
goes beyond
your direct
in
fl
uence, it
has a
compound
effect
Group
Impacts
multiple
people at the
same time
Tiers of
influence
Individual
Grows a single
person’s skills
Advice
Teaching
Opportunities
Guardrails
Individual Group Catalyst
Advice
Mentoring, sharing
knowledge, feedback
Talks, documentation,
articles
Mentorship program,
events
Teaching
Reviews (code, design),
coaching, pairing
Classes or workshops Onboarding process
Guardrails
Pull Request review
process
Processes, linters, style
guides
Frameworks, cultural
change
Opportunity
Delegating, sponsoring,
supporting
Behind the curtain work,
empowering teams
Culture of giving credit not
taking.
Reilly, Tanya. The Sta
ff
Engineer's Path (p. 400). O'Reilly Media.
Individual Group Catalyst
Advice
Mentoring, sharing
knowledge, feedback
Talks, documentation,
articles
Mentorship program,
events
Teaching
Reviews (code, design),
coaching, pairing
Classes or workshops Onboarding process
Guardrails
Pull Request review
process
Processes, linters, style
guides
Frameworks, cultural
change
Opportunity
Delegating, sponsoring,
supporting
Behind the curtain work,
empowering teams
Culture of giving credit not
taking.
Reilly, Tanya. The Sta
ff
Engineer's Path (p. 400). O'Reilly Media.
Know when to give someone
else the chance
Your turn to design your future.
https://l.doh.ms/m/links
Thank you.
https://l.doh.ms/m/links
https://doh.ms
@rdohms
@rdohms@php.social

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