the internet and world wide web
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The document outlines the evolution of the internet, detailing its origin from ARPANET and the establishment of various broadband connections, including DSL and cable. It discusses the functionalities of IP addresses, domain names, web browsers, and search engines, highlighting the importance of netiquette and web publishing. Additionally, it covers different forms of e-commerce and internet services such as email, instant messaging, and chat rooms.
the internet and world wide web
- 1. Discovering Computers 2010 Living in a Digital World
- 2. Objectives Overview Discuss the evolution of the Internet Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name See Page 73 for Detailed Objectives Identify and briefly describe various broadband Internet connections and state differences between broadband Internet connections and dialup connections Describe the types of Internet access providers Explain the purpose of a Web browser and identify the components of a Web address Describe how to use a search engine to search for information on the Web and differentiate between a search engine and a subject directory Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 2
- 3. Objectives Overview Describe the types of Web sites Explain how Web pages use graphics, animation, audio, video, virtual reality, and plug-ins Identify and briefly describe the steps required for Web publishing Describe the types of ecommerce Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP work Identify the rules of netiquette See Page 73 for Detailed Objectives Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 3
- 4. The Internet • The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals Page 74 Figure 2-1 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 4
- 5. Evolution of the Internet • The Internet originated as ARPANET in September 1969 and had two main goals: Allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together Page 75 Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 5
- 6. Evolution of the Internet 1986 NSF connects NSFnet to ARPANET and becomes known as the Internet 1969 ARPANET becomes functional 1984 ARPANET has more than 1,000 individual computers linked as hosts Pages 75 - 76 1996 Internet2 is founded 1995 NSFNet terminates its network on the Internet and resumes status as research network Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 Today More than 550 million hosts connect to the Internet 6
- 7. Evolution of the Internet • Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network – The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees research and sets guidelines and standards • Internet2 connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click W3C below Chapter 2 Page 76 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 7
- 8. Evolution of the Internet • Many home and small business users connect to the Internet via high-speed broadband Internet service Cable Internet service Page 76 DSL Fiber to the Premises (FTTP) Fixed wireless Cellular Radio Network Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 Wi-Fi Satellite Internet Service 8
- 9. Evolution of the Internet • An access provider is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee Page 77 Figure 2-2 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 9
- 10. Evolution of the Internet Online service provider (OSP) Wireless Internet service provider (WISP) Regional ISPs provide Internet access to a specific geographical area Has many membersonly features Provides wireless Internet access to computers and mobile devices National ISPs provide Internet access in cities and towns nationwide Popular OSPs include AOL (America Online) and MSN (Microsoft Network) May require a wireless modem ISP (Internet service provider) Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Wireless Modems below Chapter 2 Page 78 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 10
- 11. Evolution of the Internet Page 79 Figure 2-3 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 11
- 12. Evolution of the Internet • An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet • A domain name is the text version of an IP address – Top-level domain (TLD) • A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address Pages 79 – 80 Figure 2-4 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 12
- 13. Evolution of the Internet Page 80 Figure 2-5 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 13
- 14. The World Wide Web • The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages) • A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items • A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer • Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact Pages 80 - 81 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 14
- 15. The World Wide Web • A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs Internet Explorer Safari Page 81 Firefox Opera Google Chrome Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 15
- 16. The World Wide Web Page 81 Figure 2-6 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 16
- 17. The World Wide Web • A home page is the first page that a Web site displays • Web pages provide links to other related Web pages • Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers – Surfing the Web • Downloading is the process of receiving information Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click iPhone below Chapter 2 Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 17
- 18. The World Wide Web • A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address Pages 82 – 83 Figure 2-8 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 18
- 19. The World Wide Web • Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multiple Web pages in a single Web browser window Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Tabbed Browsing below Chapter 2 Page 84 Figure 2-9 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 19
- 20. The World Wide Web • Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories Search engine Finds information related to a specific topic Page 85 Subject directory Classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 20
- 21. The World Wide Web Page 85 Figure 2-10 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 21
- 22. The World Wide Web • A search engine is helpful in locating items such as: Images Videos Maps Page 85 Audio People or Businesses Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 News Blogs 22
- 23. The World Wide Web Page 86 Figure 2-11 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 23
- 24. The World Wide Web • Some Web browsers contain an Instant Search box to eliminate the steps of displaying the search engine’s Web page prior to entering the search text Page 87 Figure 2-12 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 24
- 25. The World Wide Web • Search operators can help to refine your search Page 87 Figure 2-13 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 25
- 26. The World Wide Web • There are thirteen types of Web sites Portal Informational Business/Marketing Blog Pages 88 – 91 Figure 2-15 News Wiki Online Social Network Educational Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 26
- 27. The World Wide Web Entertainment Content Aggregator Pages 91 – 92 Figure 2-15 Advocacy Web Application Personal Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 27
- 28. Video: Tell Your Stories via Vlog CLICK TO START Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 28
- 29. The World Wide Web • Information presented on the Web must be evaluated for accuracy • No one oversees the content of Web pages Page 92 Figure 2-16 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 29
- 30. The World Wide Web • Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with: Page 92 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 30
- 31. The World Wide Web • A graphic is a digital representation of nontext information • Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF Page 93 Figure 2-17 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 31
- 32. The World Wide Web • A thumbnail is a small version of a larger graphic Page 94 Figure 2-19 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 32
- 33. The World Wide Web • Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence Page 94 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 33
- 34. The World Wide Web • Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound – Compressed to reduce file size • You listen to audio on your computer using a player • Streaming is the process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow Pages 94 – 95 Figure 2-20 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 34
- 35. The World Wide Web Page 95 Figure 2-21 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 35
- 36. The World Wide Web • Video consists of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click YouTube below Chapter 2 Page 96 Figure 2-22 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 36
- 37. The World Wide Web • Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space Pages 96 – 97 Figure 2-23 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 37
- 38. The World Wide Web • A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser Page 97 Figure 2-24 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 38
- 39. The World Wide Web • Web publishing is the development and maintenance of Web pages Plan a Web site Analyze and design a Web site Create a Web site Deploy a Web site Maintain a Web site Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Web Page Authoring Software below Chapter 2 Page 98 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 39
- 40. E-Commerce • E-commerce is a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network – M-commerce identifies e-commerce that takes place using mobile devices Page 98 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 40
- 41. E-Commerce Businesstoconsumer (B2C) E-commerce Businesstobusiness (B2B) Pages 98 - 99 Consumertoconsumer (C2C) Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 41
- 42. E-Commerce Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Google Checkout Software below Chapter 2 Page 99 Figure 2-25 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 42
- 43. Other Internet Services • E-mail is the transmission of messages and files via a computer network • An e-mail program allows you to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete e-mail messages Page 101 Figure 2-26 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 43
- 44. Other Internet Services Page 102 Figure 2-27 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 44
- 45. Other Internet Services • A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses given a single name – Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address – Unsubscribing removes your name Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click E-Mail below Chapter 2 Page 103 Figure 2-28 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 45
- 46. Other Internet Services • Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service Page 104 Figure 2-29 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 46
- 47. Other Internet Services • A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer • A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Chat Rooms below Chapter 2 Page 105 Figure 2-30 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 47
- 48. Other Internet Services • VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet – Also called Internet telephony Page 106 Figure 2-31 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 48
- 49. Other Internet Services • A newsgroup is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject – Typically requires a newsreader • A message board is a Web-based type of discussion group Page 107 Figure 2-32 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 49
- 50. Other Internet Services • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet • Many operating systems include FTP capabilities • An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click FTP below Chapter 2 Page 107 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 50
- 51. Netiquette • Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Cyberbullying below Chapter 2 Page 108 Figure 2-33 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 51
- 52. Summary History and structure of the Internet World Wide Web Other Internet services: e-mail, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP Page 109 Browsing, navigating, searching, Web publishing, and e-commerce Rules of netiquette Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 52
- 53. Discovering Computers 2010 Living in a Digital World Chapter 2 Complete